Entecavir versus tenofovir for prevention of hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection: study protocol for a randomized, open-label trial.

Background: Entecavir and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) are standard first-line treatments to prevent viral reactivation and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in individuals chronically infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV), but the long-term efficacy of the two drugs remains controversial. Also unclear is whether the drugs are effective at preventing viral reactivation or HCC recurrence after hepatectomy to treat HBV-associated HCC. This trial will compare recurrence-free survival, overall survival, viral indicators and adverse events in the long term between patients with HBV-associated HCC who receive entecavir or TDF after curative resection.

Targeted next-generation sequencing for pulmonary infection diagnosis in patients unsuitable for bronchoalveolar lavage.

Background: Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) has emerged as a rapid diagnostic technology for identifying a wide spectrum of pathogens responsible for pulmonary infections.

Methods: Sputum samples were collected from patients unable or unwilling to undergo bronchoalveolar lavage. These samples underwent tNGS analysis to diagnose pulmonary infections.

Identification of risk factors for hypertension in overweight and obese people and analysis of risk factor interactions: an R-based analysis.

Objective: This study identified the independent risk factors for hypertension in overweight and obese people and also analyzed the interaction between the risk factors.

Methods: A total of 5,098 overweight and obese people were enrolled in this study. First, the clinical metabolic characteristics of hypertension and control groups were compared.

Black-Blood Magnetization Prepared 2 Rapid Acquisition Gradient Echoes: A Fast and Three-Dimensional MR Black-Blood T Mapping Technique for Quantitative Assessment of Atherosclerosis and Venous Thrombosis.

Background: Blood flow signals may be a confounder in quantifying T values of plaque or thrombus and how to realize black-blood T mapping remains a challenge task.

Purpose: To develop a fast and three-dimensional black-blood T mapping technique for quantitative assessment of atherosclerosis and venous thrombosis.

Study Type: Sequence development and optimization via phantoms and volunteers as well as pilot prospective.

Application of neural network and nomogram for the prediction of risk factors for bone mineral density abnormalities: A cross-sectional NHANES-based survey.

Background: The risk of bone mineral density abnormalities is inconsistent between eastern and western regions owing to differences in ethnicity and dietary habits. A diet comprising carbohydrates and dietary fiber is not the common daily diet of the American population. Thus far, no studies have assessed the risk of bone mineral density abnormalities in the American population, and no predictive model has considered the intake of carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and coffee, as well as levels of various electrolytes for assessing bone mineral density abnormalities, especially in the elderly.

A study on the mechanism of the impact of phenthoate exposure on Prorocentrum lima.

Extensive application of organophosphorus pesticides such as phenthoate results in its abundance in ecosystems, particularly in waterbodies, thereby providing the impetus to assess its role in aquatic organisms. However, the impact of phenthoate on marine algal physiological and proteomic response is yet to be explored despite its biological significance. In this study, we thus ought to investigate the impact of phenthoate in the marine dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima, which is known for synthesizing okadaic acid (OA), the toxin responsible for diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP).

Comparison of Long-Term Outcomes in Ruptured Diffuse Brain Arteriovenous Malformations Between Interventional Therapy and Conservative Management.

Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) with a diffuse nidus structure present a therapeutic challenge due to their complexity and elevated risk of hemorrhagic events. This study examines the long-term effectiveness of interventional therapy versus conservative management in reducing hemorrhagic stroke or death in patients with ruptured diffuse AVMs. The analysis was conducted based on a multi-institutional database in China.

Long-term outcomes of microsurgery and stereotactic radiosurgery as the first-line treatment for arteriovenous malformations: a propensity score-matched analysis using nationwide multicenter prospective registry data.

Background: This study aimed to compare the risk and benefit profile of microsurgery (MS) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) as the first-line treatment for unruptured and ruptured arteriovenous malformations (AVMs).

Materials And Methods: The authors included AVMs underwent MS or SRS as the first-line treatment from a nationwide prospective multicenter registry in mainland China. The authors used propensity score-matched methods to balance baseline characteristics between the MS and SRS groups.

Solute carrier family 35 member A2 (SLC35A2) is a prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltration in stomach adenocarcinoma.

Background: Solute carrier family 35 member A2 (SLC35A2) located on the X chromosome is considered involved in the UDP-galactose transport from cytosol to Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum. It has been reported that the SLC35A2 expression is associated with carcinogenesis in recent studies, however, its specific roles in cancer progression have not been exhaustively elucidated. Herein, a system analysis was conducted to evaluate the role of SLC35A2 in prognostic, and immunology in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD).

Adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors associated with higher recurrence-free survival in postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma (PREVENT): a prospective, multicentric cohort study.

Background: Adjuvant therapy may improve survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative resection. This study compared safety and efficacy outcomes between patients at high risk of recurrence who received different types of adjuvant therapy or no such therapy after hepatic resection for HCC.

Methods: Recurrence-free survival (RFS), overall survival, and adverse events were compared among patients who received adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) alone, ICIs with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), or no adjuvant therapy between 13 March 2019 and 19 March 2022.

Relationships of work stress and interpersonal needs with industrial workers' mental health: a moderated mediation model.

Objectives: This study explores whether feelings of defeat (i.e., a sense of failed struggle and losing rank; referred to as defeat for simplicity) mediated the effect of work stress on depression/anxiety, the effect of interpersonal needs on depression/anxiety for Chinese industrial workers, and the possible moderating role of social support.

Prediction of histopathologic grades of myxofibrosarcoma with radiomics based on magnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose: To develop a radiomics-based model from preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for predicting the histopathological grades of myxofibrosarcoma.

Methods: This retrospective study included 54 patients. The tumors were classified into high-grade and low-grade myxofibrosarcoma.

Association of embolization with long-term outcomes in brain arteriovenous malformations: a propensity score-matched analysis using nationwide multicenter prospective registry data.

Background: Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) account for 25% of hemorrhagic strokes in young adults. Although embolization has been widely performed as a stand-alone procedure to cure brain AVM, it is undermined whether patients benefit from this treatment. This study aimed to compare the long-term outcome of hemorrhagic stroke or death in patients with either conservative management or stand-alone embolization for AVM.

Prognostic value of multiple immune inflammatory markers in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Objective: To explore the prognostic value of multiple immune inflammatory indicators for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

Methods: The clinical data of 175 patients with DLBCL who were diagnosed and received Immunochemotherapy in The Qinzhou First People's Hospital between January 2015 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed for this study. Patients were classified into a death group (n = 54) and a survival group (n = 121) depending on their prognosis.

Construction of a lipid metabolism-related risk model for hepatocellular carcinoma by single cell and machine learning analysis.

One of the most common cancers is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Numerous studies have shown the relationship between abnormal lipid metabolism-related genes (LMRGs) and malignancies. In most studies, the single LMRG was studied and has limited clinical application value.

Development and Validation of a Scoring System for Hemorrhage Risk in Brain Arteriovenous Malformations.

Importance: The dilemma between natural rupture risk and adverse outcomes of intervention is of major concern for patients with unruptured arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). The existing risk score for AVM rupture includes factors that are controversial and lacks prospective validation.

Objective: To develop and robustly validate a reliable scoring system to predict the rupture risk of AVMs.

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing contributes to the diagnosis of mixed pulmonary infection: a case report.

Background: Pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) and mixed pulmonary infection are difficult to be diagnosed due to the non-specificity and their overlapping clinical manifestations. In terms of the clinical diagnosis of PC and mixed pulmonary infection, conventional tests have limitations such as a long detection period, a limited range of pathogens, and low sensitivity. Metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is a nascent and powerful method that can detect pathogens without culture, to diagnose known and unexplained infections in reduced time.

A Novel TP53 Gene Mutation Sustains Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer through Mitophagy.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the world. In particular, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents the majority of the lung cancer population. Advances in DNA sequencing technologies have significantly contributed to revealing the roles, functions and mechanisms of gene mutations.

Identification of Two Novel Immune Subtypes Characterized by Distinct Prognosis and Tumor Microenvironment in Osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is a kind of primary malignant tumor of bone. In recent years, its therapeutic effect and prognostic survival are dissatisfactory. The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) reflects immune status of patients, but it is little known in osteosarcoma.

SMAD2/3 Phosphorylation Is Downregulated in T Cells in HIV-Infected Patients.

Persistent inflammation contributes to the exhaustion of immune system and non-AIDS-defining events in HIV-infected patients. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is generally considered an anti-inflammatory cytokine. It is unclear that why high-level TGF-β coexists with chronic inflammation during HIV infection.

A Novel Hypoxia Related Marker in Blood Link to Aid Diagnosis and Therapy in Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic degenerative arthritis. Its treatment options are very limited. At present, hypoxia is a prominent factor in OA.

Detection of cancer biomarkers CA125 and CA199 via terahertz metasurface immunosensor.

The cancer biomarkers including AFP, CEA, CA199 and CA125, are of great importance in the diagnosis, prognostic prediction and recurrence monitoring of malignancies. However, in clinical practical applications, most tumor cancer biomarkers are lack of sensitivity and specificity. In this study, we propose a terahertz (THz) metasurface (MS) immunosensor coupled with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which have good biocompatibility and high specific surface area for biomarkers.

LINC01088 promotes the growth and invasion of glioma cells through regulating small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide A transcription.

Altered long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) exert pivotal parts in pathogenic processes in glioma. Here, we uncovered a differentially expressed long intergenic non-coding RNA 1088 (LINC01088) in glioma and elucidated the molecular mechanism by which LINC01088 affected the malignant phenotypes of glioma cells. Functionally, LINC01088 silencing degraded cell proliferation, invasion in glioma, while LINC01088 overexpression elicited opposite results.

Surface-Functionalized Terahertz Metamaterial Biosensor Used for the Detection of Exosomes in Patients.

Owing to their stability in bodily fluids, exosomes have attracted increased attention as colorectal cancer (CRC) biomarkers for early diagnosis. To validate the potential of the plasma exosomes as a novel biomarker for the monitoring of CRC, we demonstrated a terahertz (THz) metamaterials (MMs) biosensor for the detection of exosomes in this work. The biosensor with two resonant frequencies is designed using full wave electromagnetic simulation software based on the finite integration time domain (FITD) method and fabricated by a surface micromachining process.

A Novel Autophagy-Related Marker for Improved Differential Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are two most common rheumatic diseases in the world. Although there are standard methods for the diagnosis of both RA and OA, the differentials in some cases are poor. With deepening research, the role of autophagy in maintaining cell homeostasis and thus enabling cells adapt to external environments has become increasingly prominent.