Prognostic Value of the Pretreatment Lung Immune Prognostic Index in Advanced Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated With First-Line PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors Plus Chemotherapy.

Background: Lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) refers to a biomarker combining derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Its prognostic effect on advanced small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients receiving programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment remains unclear. Our research investigated the relationship between pretreatment LIPI and the prognosis of patients receiving first-line PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy.

CD19 CAR-T Cells With Membrane-Bound IL-15 for B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia After Failure of CD19 and CD22 CAR-T Cells: Case Report.

Objectives: At present, reinfusions of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell have exhibited limited efficacy, while their efficacy on extramedullary relapse remains to be further elucidated in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Although combination with IL-15 demonstrated the potential to enhance antitumor activity of CAR-T, the efficacy of this approach remains to be validated clinically.

Methods: We reported a patient with B-ALL with extramedullary relapse after allogeneic stem cell transplantation and who was resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Development and validation of an online calculator to predict early recurrence and long-term survival in patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Background: Distal cholangiocarcinoma (DCC) is a malignancy associated with a short survival time. In this study, we aimed to create an online nomogram calculator to predict early recurrence and long-term survival in patients with DCC after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Methods: A total of 486 patients with DCC were included.

Chinese Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Model Delivered by Smartphone Interaction Improves Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease.

We evaluated the long-term effect of a smartphone-facilitated home-based cardiac rehabilitation (HBCR) model in revascularized patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) on major adverse cardiac events (MACE), and secondary outcomes, including safety, quality of life, and physical capacity. It was a prospective observational cohort study including a total of 335 CHD patients after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) referred to the CR clinic in China between July 23, 2015 and March 1, 2018. Patients were assigned to two groups: HBCR tailored by monitoring and telecommunication smartphone app (WeChat) (HBCR group, = 170) or usual care (control group, = 165), with follow-up for up to 42 months.

Up-regulation of S100P predicts the poor long-term survival and construction of prognostic signature for survival and immunotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer is associated with a high mortality rate, and the prognosis is positively related to immune status. In this study, we constructed a prognostic signature from survival- and immune-related genes (IRGs) to guide treatment and assess prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer. The transcriptomic data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and IRGs were extracted from the ImmPort database.

A novel online calculator to predict recurrence risk in patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma after radical pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Background: Patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma (DCC) are prone to relapse even after radical pancreaticoduodenectomy. In this study, we sought to create an online nomogram calculator to accurately predict the recurrence risk of DCC.

Methods: A total of 184 patients were included.

Nab-paclitaxel plus S-1 with or without PD-1 inhibitor in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with only hepatic metastases: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: The evidence regarding programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with metastases remains controversial. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Nab-paclitaxel plus S1 (NPS) with or without Sintilimab, a PD-1 inhibitor, in patients with PDAC with only hepatic metastases (mPDAC).

Methods: Untreated mPDAC patients who received NPS with (the combination group) or without Sintilimab (the NPS group) were retrospectively studied.

Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation Surgical Resection for the Treatment of T1bN0M0 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Different Age Groups.

Purpose: We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) to that of surgical resection (SR) in patients with T1bN0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in different age groups.

Methods: Totally, 204 patients with an isolated, solitary, intrathyroidal T1bN0M0 PTC, who underwent either RFA (n=94) or SR (n=110) between April 2014 and December 2019, were retrospectively enrolled and were divided into two subgroups according to age (<45 years, ≧45 years). Patients with pathologically aggressive or advanced lesions were excluded from the study.

Ultrasound-Guided Thermal Ablation of Bethesda IV Thyroid Nodules: A Pilot Study.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of thermal ablation (TA) for Bethesda IV thyroid nodules, and to compare TA and surgery in terms of treatment outcomes, complications, and costs.

Method: This study was approved by the local ethics committee. From January 2017 to December 2019, 30 patients elected TA and 31 patients elected surgery for treatment of Bethesda IV thyroid nodules.

Association of type 2 diabetes mellitus with incidences of microvascular invasion and survival outcomes in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma after liver resection: A multicenter study.

Background: Microvascular invasion (MVI) adversely affects long-term survival in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to examine the association between preoperative type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with incidences of MVI and prognosis in HBV-related HCC after liver resection (LR).

Material And Methods: Data of HBV-related HCC patients who underwent LR as an initial therapy from four hospitals in China were retrospectively collected.

Perioperative and Oncological Outcomes of Robotic Versus Open Pancreaticoduodenectomy in Low-Risk Surgical Candidates: A Multicenter Propensity Score-Matched Study.

Objectives: This study aimed to perform a multicenter comparison between robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy (RPD) and open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD).

Background: Previous comparisons of RPD versus OPD have only been carried out in small, single-center studies of variable quality.

Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent RPD (n = 1032) or OPD (n = 1154) at 7 centers in China between July 2012 and July 2020 were included.

Electrofusion Stimulation Is an Independent Factor of Chromosome Abnormality in Mice Oocytes Reconstructed Spindle Transfer.

Oocytes reconstructed by spindle transfer (ST) are prone to chromosome abnormality, which is speculated to be caused by mechanical interference or premature activation, the mechanism is controversial. In this study, C57BL/6N oocytes were used as the model, and electrofusion ST was performed under normal conditions, Ca free, and at room temperature, respectively. The effect of enucleation and electrofusion stimulation on MPF activity, spindle morphology, γ-tubulin localization and chromosome arrangement was compared.

Single-Cell Transcriptomic Profiling of MAIT Cells in Patients With COVID-19.

Background: Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are considered to participate of the host immune response against acute severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection; however, single-cell transcriptomic profiling of MAIT cells in patients with COVID-19 remains unexplored.

Methods: We performed single-cell RNA sequencing analyses on peripheral MAIT cells from 13 patients with COVID-19 and 5 healthy donors. The transcriptional profiles of MAIT cells, together with assembled T-cell receptor sequences, were analyzed.

The standardized technique and surgical video of robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy at the Chinese PLA General Hospital.

The technical complexity of robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy (RPD) and lack of technical surgical standardization have slowed its widespread application. RPD is only routinely performed in a few highly specialized centers. This study describes in detail the standard steps and core techniques of an experienced robotic center in China.

Comparison of 10-Year Survival Outcomes for Early Single Hepatocellular Carcinoma following Different Treatments.

Introduction: To compare the actual 10-year survival outcomes of early single hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients between 3 first-line treatments: radiofrequency ablation (RFA), surgical resection (SR), or transplantation (LT).

Methods: A total of 1255 early single HCC patients retrieved from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database were included. Patients survived ≥10 years, and patients died <10 years were compared.

Immunomodulatory Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury.

Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is an important and increasing cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), which accounts for approximately 20% of hospitalized patients. Previous reviews studies on immunity and AKI focused mainly on ischemia-reperfusion (IR), whereas no systematic review addressing drug-induced AKI and its related immune mechanisms is available. Recent studies have provided a deeper understanding on the mechanisms of drug-induced AKI, among which acute tubular interstitial injury induced by the breakdown of innate immunity was reported to play an important role.

Robotic versus open total pancreatectomy: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Robotic total pancreatectomy (RTP), although considered safe and feasible, has rarely been reported. This study aimed to evaluate whether RTP has advantages over open TP (OTP).

Methods: Demographics and perioperative outcomes among patients who underwent RTP (n=14) versus OTP (n=15) between May 2015 and September 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.

PPDPF alleviates hepatic steatosis through inhibition of mTOR signaling.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most prevalent chronic liver disease in the world, however, no drug treatment has been approved for this disease. Thus, it is urgent to find effective therapeutic targets for clinical intervention. In this study, we find that liver-specific knockout of PPDPF (PPDPF-LKO) leads to spontaneous fatty liver formation in a mouse model at 32 weeks of age on chow diets, which is enhanced by HFD.

Actual long-term survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with microvascular invasion: a multicenter study from China.

Background: Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a risk factor for postoperative survival outcomes for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver resection (LR). This study aims to investigate the actual long-term survival and its associated prognostic factors after LR for HCC patients with MVI.

Methods: This study was conducted on HCC patients with MVI who underwent LR from January 2009 to December 2012 at five major hospitals in China.

The standardized technique in robotic radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy using the flip-up approach.

Purpose: Radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS) was first introduced in 2003. It has been accepted as an alternative technique for pancreatic cancer of the body and tail. However, robotic RAMPS is not yet popular because of its technical difficulty and lack of standardized technique.