Identification of a novel Providencia species showing multi-drug-resistant in three patients with hospital-acquired infection.

Providencia species are important opportunistic pathogens for humans and are associated with several infectious diseases. In this study, we found three clinical strains belonging to a novel Providencia species, namely Providencia huashanensis, including strains CRE-3FA-0001, CRE-138-0026, and CRE-138-0111. These strains were recovered from three patients, and all of them were associated with nosocomial infections, including incision infection, urinary tract infection, and intracranial infection.

Promotion of Lung Cancer Metastasis by SIRT2-Mediated Extracellular Protein Deacetylation.

Acetylation of extracellular proteins has been observed in many independent studies where particular attention has been given to the dynamic change of the microenvironmental protein post-translational modifications. While extracellular proteins can be acetylated within the cells prior to their micro-environmental distribution, their deacetylation in a tumor microenvironment remains elusive. Here it is described that multiple acetyl-vWA domain-carrying proteins including integrin β3 (ITGB3) and collagen 6A (COL6A) are deacetylated by Sirtuin family member SIRT2 in extracellular space.

Design and Rationale of Targeted Therapy With a Sirolimus-Eluting, Biodegradable Polymer Coronary Stent in Chronic Total Occlusions (TARGET CTO): A Multicenter, Open-Label, Randomized Noninferiority Trial.

Background: Treatment of chronic total occlusions (CTOs) is referred to as the last frontier of percutaneous coronary interventions and is currently performed in 10% to 20% of procedures. Improved outcomes with newer generation drug-eluting stents require further research.

Methods: The TARGET CTO trial (NCT03040934) is a prospective, multicenter, randomized, noninferiority trial that plans to randomize 196 subjects (1:1) to either a newer-generation sirolimus target-eluting stent or an everolimus-eluting stent.

Identification and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of causative agents of onychomycosis due to Aspergillus species in Mashhad, Iran.

Aspergillus species are emerging causative agents of non-dermatophyte mold onychomycosis. In this study, 48 Aspergillus isolates were obtained from patients with onychomycosis in Mashhad, Iran, during 2015-2018. The aim is to identify the Aspergillus isolates to the species level by using partial calmodulin and beta-tubulin gene sequencing and MALDI-TOF MS, and to evaluate their in vitro susceptibility to ten antifungal drugs: terbinafine, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, ravuconazole, isavuconazole, caspofungin, micafungin, anidulafungin and amphotericin B according to CLSI M38-A3.

Upregulation of miR-223 abrogates NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis to attenuate oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced cell death in human vascular endothelial cells (ECs).

MiR-223 is closely associated with pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD); however, the molecular mechanisms are unclear. In the present study, the human vascular endothelial cells (ECs) were isolated from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft and treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to induce cellular CAD models in vitro. We found that ox-LDL inhibited cell proliferation and viability, and promoted cell apoptosis in ECs.

IPDN-China promotes the development of pediatric dialysis in China.

Background: In mainland China, dialysis for children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) was not introduced until the 1980s. To describe the development of pediatric dialysis in different regions of China, a national pediatric dialysis network, namely, International Pediatric Dialysis Network-China (IPDN-China) ( www.pedpd.

Molecular Identification and In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility of Aspergillus Isolates Recovered from Otomycosis Patients in Western China.

Aspergillus species are the most common causative agents involved in otomycosis. In this study, 45 Aspergillus isolates were obtained from patients with otomycosis in western China during 2013-2016. The aim of this study is to identify the Aspergillus isolates to the species level by using β-tubulin gene sequencing and to evaluate their in vitro susceptibility to nine antifungal drugs: amphotericin B, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, ravuconazole, isavuconazole, caspofungin, micafungin and anidulafungin according to CLSI M38-A2.

CD163, a novel therapeutic target, regulates the proliferation and stemness of glioma cells via casein kinase 2.

Glioma is a devastating cancer with a dismal prognosis and there is an urgent need to discover novel glioma-specific antigens for glioma therapy. Previous studies have identified CD163-positive tumour cells in certain solid tumours, but CD163 expression in glioma remains unknown. In this study, via an analysis of public datasets, we demonstrated that CD163 overexpression in glioma specimens correlated with an unfavourable patient prognosis.

Triazole phenotypes and genotypic characterization of clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates in China.

This study investigated the triazole phenotype and genotypic of clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from China. We determined the triazole susceptibility profiles of 159 A. fumigatus isolates collected between 2011 and 2015 from four different areas in China tested against 10 antifungal drugs using the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute M38-A2 method.

Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia caused by anti-HPA antibodies in pregnant Chinese women: a study protocol for a multicentre, prospective cohort trial.

Background: Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT), caused by maternal antibodies raised against alloantigens carried on foetal platelets, is a very common haematological abnormality in newborns worldwide. However, baseline data on NAIT in China are lacking. Therefore, this study seeks to explore the incidence of alloantibody against the human platelet antigen (HPA) in pregnant women and its associations with NAIT in China.

Severe Chromoblastomycosis-Like Cutaneous Infection Caused by .

species are saprophytic filamentous fungi commonly found in the soil, dung, and animal fur. Subcutaneous infection caused by this organism is rare in humans. We report a case of subcutaneous fungal infection caused by in a 38-year-old woman.

Hyperactivation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Myeloid Cells Leads to Severe Organ Damage in Experimental Lupus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune syndrome associated with severe organ damage resulting from the activation of immune cells. Recently, a role for caspase-1 in murine lupus was described, indicating an involvement of inflammasomes in the development of SLE. Among multiple inflammasomes identified, the NLRP3 inflammasome was connected to diverse diseases, including autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility Profiles of 12 Antifungal Drugs against 55 Trichophyton schoenleinii Isolates from Tinea Capitis Favosa Patients in Iran, Turkey, and China.

Trichophyton schoenleinii is an anthropophilic dermatophyte mainly causing tinea favosa of the scalp in certain regions of the world, especially Africa and Asia. We investigated the in vitro susceptibilities of 55 T. schoenleinii isolates collected over the last 30 years from Iran, Turkey, and China to 12 antifungals using the CLSI broth microdilution method.

Combination of Amphotericin B and Flucytosine against Neurotropic Species of Melanized Fungi Causing Primary Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis.

Primary central nervous system phaeohyphomycosis is a fatal fungal infection due mainly to the neurotropic melanized fungiCladophialophora bantiana,Rhinocladiella mackenziei, andExophiala dermatitidis.Despite the combination of surgery with antifungal treatment, the prognosis continues to be poor, with mortality rates ranging from 50 to 70%. Therefore, a search for a more-appropriate therapeutic approach is urgently needed.

Global Spread of Human Chromoblastomycosis Is Driven by Recombinant Cladophialophora carrionii and Predominantly Clonal Fonsecaea Species.

Global distribution patterns of Cladophialophora carrionii, agent of human chromoblastomycosis in arid climates of Africa, Asia, Australia, Central-and South-America, were compared with similar data of the vicarious Fonsecaea spp., agents of the disease in tropical rain forests. Population diversities among 73 C.

Evaluation of two molecular techniques for rapid detection of the main dermatophytic agents of tinea capitis.

Background: Tinea capitis is very common in Western China, with the most widespread aetiological agent being Trichophyton violaceum, while Microsporum canis is prevalent in the remainder of China. Conventional diagnostics and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing analyses have proven relatively limited due to the close phylogenetic relationship of anthropophilic dermatophytes. Therefore, alternative molecular tools with sufficient specificity, reproducibility and sensitivity are necessary.

Advantages of tubeless mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the treatment of preschool children under 3 years old.

Background/purpose: Tubeless mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) for treating renal calculi was introduced in response to concerns over the use of adult nephrolithotomy apparatus in small children. However, it is unclear whether tubeless mini-PCNL (MPCNL) is of any benefit in the treatment of children. This study therefore aimed to assess the possible benefits of MPCNL, as compared to standard PCNL, in preschool children.

In vitro antifungal susceptibility of Trichophyton violaceum isolated from tinea capitis patients.

Objectives: Trichophyton violaceum is an anthropophilic dermatophyte that is endemic to parts of Africa and Asia and is sporadic in Europe. T. violaceum mainly causes tinea capitis in both children and adolescents.

Effect of r-Mt-Cpn10 on human osteoblast cells.

Objective: To observe the effect of recombinant mycobacterium tuberculosis heat shock protein 10 (r-Mt-Cpn10) on human osteoblast proliferation, cell cycle, alkaline phosphatase, calcium nodules and the expression of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor KB Ligand (RANKL) and Osteoprotegerin (OPG).

Methods: Osteoblasts were cultured in the medium with different concentration of r-Mt-Cpn10. No drug was added to the medium in the control group.

Three isothermal amplification techniques for rapid identification of Cladophialophora carrionii, an agent of human chromoblastomycosis.

In this study, we developed rapid and sensitive assays for the detection of Cladophialophora carrionii, a common agent of human chromoblastomycosis. The isothermal techniques evaluated were rolling-circle amplification (RCA), multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA), and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). The probes for RCA and MLPA were designed with target sequences in the rDNA internal transcribed spacer gene (ITS) region, and LAMP primers were designed using the elongation factor 1α gene (EF1); these probes and primers specifically amplified DNA of isolates of the species.

[Study on laryngeal cancer related on polymorphism of the Arg399Gln of XRCC1 DNA repair gene in different nationalities in Xinjiang].

Objective: To study genetic polymorphism of XRCC1 Arg399Gln and the laryngeal cancer risk.

Method: A case-control study was performed on 60 patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 120 random healthy control group. The two groups were matched by sex and age.

[Reconstruction of zygomatic-facial massive defect using modified bilobed flap after resection of skin cancer].

Objective: To investigate the clinical application of the modified bilobed flap in the reconstruction of zygomatic-facial massive defect after resection of skin cancer.

Methods: Between August 2009 and October 2011, 15 patients with skin cancer in the zygomatic-facial region underwent defect reconstruction using modified bilobed flaps after surgical removal. There were 12 males and 3 females, aged 52-78 years (mean, 64.

[Efficacy comparison between endovascular aneurysm repair versus open surgery for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms: a meta-analysis].

Objective: To compare the efficacy between endovascular aneurysm repair versus open surgery in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA).

Methods: A systematic review was performed to identify clinical outcomes of randomized controlled trials for AAA patients receiving endovascular aneurysm repair or open surgery. The Cochrane Library (issue 7 of 2011), MEDLINE (1996 to 2011), EMBASE (1974 to 2011), CBM (1989 to 2011), CNKI (1997 to 2011), Wanfang data (1989 to 2011) were searched.