Accuracy of Capillary Blood for Assessing Vitamin A Nutritional Status Among Children Under 7 Years of Age: A Multicenter Study.

Vitamin A deficiency remains a major public health problem worldwide, particularly among young children. Capillary blood has the potential for application in vitamin A assessment. The aim of this study is to validate the accuracy of capillary blood for assessing vitamin A nutritional status among young children.

Integrated multiomics signatures to optimize the accurate diagnosis of lung cancer.

Diagnosing lung cancer from indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPLs) remains challenging. In this multi-institutional study involving 2032 participants with IPLs, we integrate the clinical, radiomic with circulating cell-free DNA fragmentomic features in 5-methylcytosine (5mC)-enriched regions to establish a multiomics model (clinic-RadmC) for predicting the malignancy risk of IPLs. The clinic-RadmC yields an area-under-the-curve (AUC) of 0.

[Statin for the prevention and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: use or wait?].

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a kind of malignant tumor with an extremely high morbidity and mortality incidence rate. Although some new progress has been made in recent treatment, the overall prognosis is still poor. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of HCC have important clinical significance.

JBLC-141 alleviates hypobaric hypoxia-induced intestinal barrier damage by attenuating inflammatory responses and oxidative stress.

Hypobaric hypoxia exposure occurs at high altitudes, including plateaus, and affects normal intestinal function and microbiota composition. Exposure induces an intestinal inflammatory response and oxidative stress injury, ultimately disrupting intestinal homeostasis and causing barrier damage. Thus, due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and intestinal microbiota-regulating properties, is a potentially effective probiotic intervention to protect the intestinal barrier during low-pressure hypoxia on plateaus.

High altitudes, deeper insights: multicenter cardiovascular magnetic resonance study on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Objectives: Altitude is a known factor in cardiovascular disease, but its impact on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients remains unclear. This study aimed to determine whether living at high altitudes affects the extent of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and left ventricular (LV) strain in HCM patients.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted across four hospitals located at different altitudes in China.

The dysregulation of PARP9 expression is linked to apoptosis and DNA damage in gastric cancer cells.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly malignant gastrointestinal tumor characterized by difficult early diagnosis and poor prognosis. Therefore, it is imperative to explore potential therapeutic targets for gastric cancer. PARP9 is abnormally expressed in a variety of tumors and is associated with tumor cell apoptosis and DNA damage.

Association between physical activity and sedentary behavior and gestational diabetes mellitus: a Mendelian randomization analysis.

Introduction: The evidence of association between physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains controversial in observational studies, this study aimed to generate new hypotheses between PA, SB and GDM.

Methods: Our study performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the effects of three types of PA (moderate physical activity (MPA), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), accelerometer-based physical activity (ABPA)), three types of SB (television watching (TV), leisure computer use (PC), driving (DR)) on GDM and the mediating effect of body mass index (BMI). The inverse variance weighted method was used for the major analysis.

Compression Therapy for Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) significantly impairs the quality of life of patients undergoing chemotherapy and diminishes their adherence to the treatment regimen. Existing studies suggest that compression therapy may prevent the onset of CIPN, yet the specific efficacy remains to be conclusively determined.

Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing compression therapy with inactive comparators in patients scheduled for chemotherapy.

AKT1-Mediated NOTCH1 phosphorylation promotes gastric cancer progression via targeted regulation of IRS-1 transcription.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate that AKT1-Mediated NOTCH1 phosphorylation promotes gastric cancer (GC) progression via targeted regulation of IRS-1 transcription.

Methods: The study utilized databases such as PhosphositePlus, TRANSFAC, CHEA, GPS 5.0, and TCGA, along with experimental techniques including Western Blot, co-IP, in vitro kinase assay, construction of lentiviral overexpression and silencing vectors, immunoprecipitation, modified proteomics, immunofluorescence, ChIP-PCR, EdU assay, Transwell assay, and scratch assay to investigate the effects of AKT1-induced Notch1 phosphorylation on cell proliferation, invasion and migration in vitro, as well as growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vivo.

Robot-Guided Microballoon Compression of the Trigeminal Nerve for the Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia Caused by Fibrous Dysplasia of the Skull: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Cranial fibrous dysplasia (FD) syndrome is a benign, rare, and idiopathic skeletal disorder characterized by the replacement and expansion of medullary bone by disorganized fibro-osseous tissue. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is most commonly caused by vascular compression at the trigeminal nerve root entry zone. Secondary TN caused by cranial FD syndrome is extremely rare.

Observed Effects on Very Early Pregnancy Linked to Ambient PM Exposure in China among Women Undergoing Fertilization-Embryo Transfer.

The adverse effect of ambient PM exposure on very early pregnancy (VEP) remains controversial among epidemiological studies but is supported by toxicological evidence. We adopted a multicenter retrospective cohort of 141,040 cycles to evaluate the effect of PM exposure on the VEP using the fertilization and embryo transfer platform and high-resolution PM data in China. We first investigated the association between PM exposure 1 week before and 1 week after the embryo transfer date and VEP.

Gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk: an observational and Mendelian randomization study.

This study aimed to comprehensively examine the association of gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to estimate the observational associations of gallstones and cholecystectomy with cancer risk, using data from a nationwide cohort involving 239 799 participants. General and gender-specific two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was further conducted to assess the causalities of the observed associations.

Different doses of dexmedetomidine combined with propofol for older adults undergoing cardiac surgery: the impact on postoperative delirium.

Objective: This study retrospectively investigated the effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine combined with propofol on postoperative delirium in older adults undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods: The medical records of 82 older adults undergoing cardiac surgery admitted to two hospitals between August 2019 and August 2022 were analyzed. The participants were divided into two groups based on the dexmedetomidine dose: group A (0.

Implications and mechanisms of O-GlcNAcylation in cancer therapy resistance.

O-linked-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation), one of the protein post-translational modifications, is the process of adding O-linked-β-D-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAc) to serine and threonine residues of proteins. O-GlcNAcylation regulates various fundamental cell biological processes, including gene transcription, signal transduction, and cellular metabolism. The role of dysregulated O-GlcNAcylation in tumorigenesis has been recognized, but its role in cancer therapy tolerance has not been elucidated.

Prevalence and associated risk factors of infection in community households in Lanzhou city.

Background: () infection exhibits a familial clustering phenomenon.

Aim: To investigate the prevalence of infection, identify associated factors, and analyze patterns of transmission within families residing in the community.

Methods: From July 2021 to September 2021, a total of 191 families (519 people) in two randomly chosen community health service centers in the Chengguan District of Lanzhou in Gansu Province, were recruited to fill out questionnaires and tested for infection.

The potential impact of inflammation on the lipid paradox in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a multicenter study.

Background: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a well-recognized risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, several clinical studies demonstrated an inverse association between LDL-C and mortality risk in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), known as the lipid paradox. This study aims to investigate the potential impact of inflammation on the association between LDL-C levels and mortality risks.

Halcinonide activates smoothened to ameliorate ischemic stroke injury.

Objectives: The Shh pathway may shed new light on developing new cell death inhibitors for the therapy of ischemic stroke. We aimed to examine whether the Shh co-reporter SMO or its agonist halcinonide can upregulate Bcl-2 to suppress neuronal cell death, ultimately improving behavioral deficits and reducing cerebral infarction in an ischemic stroke model.

Methods: Halcinonide or genetic manipulation of SMO was conducted in PC12 cells to examine their impacts on oxidative or OGD/R stress, and the chemical, along with AAV-SMO or AAV-EGFP were tested in MCAO rats to investigate their potential protective effects against neuronal damages due to cerebral I/R injury.

Establishment and characterization of a new intestinal-type ampullary carcinoma cell line, DPC-X3.

Ampullary carcinoma (AC) of the intestinal type represents a distinct variant within the broader category of ampullary neoplasms. The scarcity of pertinent cellular models has constrained investigations centered on this particular malignancy. This research effectively generated a cell line (CL) of intestinal-type AC (DPC-X3).

Exploring the Effect of Cheese Intake on Cholelithiasis Through Biomarkers: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

This study assesses the causal relationship between intake of cheese and cholelithiasis through the analysis of relevant biomarkers using Mendelian Randomization (MR). Genetic variants associated with cheese intake were employed as instrumental variables (IVs) to assess potential causal effects. Data from the Open GWAS project and FinnGen Biobank were used, including biomarkers related to blood cells, blood biochemistry, and blood pressure.

Endovascular therapy for aneurysmal dilatation and arteriovenous fistula of the superior mesenteric artery.

Objectives: We present a clinical case illustrating the feasibility of endovascular treatment of superior mesenteric aneurysm associated with an arteriovenous fistula.

Methods: The patient presented with abdominal pain and diarrhea on admission. Computed tomography angiography revealed an aneurysmal dilatation of the superior mesenteric artery and vein with an arteriovenous fistula.

Advancements in Molecular Diagnosis and Pharmacotherapeutic Strategies for Invasive Pituitary Adenomas.

Background: The overwhelming majority of pituitary tumors consist of pituitary adenomas (PAs), which have recently also been termed pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs). Clinically significant PAs occur in approximately one in every 1000 individuals, while other types of pituitary tumors, such as craniopharyngiomas and pituicytomas, are significantly less common. Although PAs are generally benign, a subset of them exhibits malignant-like biological traits.

Diaphragmatic pheochromocytoma: Two case reports and a review of the literature.

Rationale: Pheochromocytomas typically arise in the adrenal medulla, whereas ectopic pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas commonly occur near the abdominal aorta, bladder, mediastinum, and head. Diaphragmatic pheochromocytomas are exceedingly rare, and there is limited surgical experience with their treatment.

Patient Concerns: In Case A, the subject is a 45-year-old male, while in Case B, the subject is a 59-year-old female.

Pembrolizumab alone or combined with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: Whether pembrolizumab alone or in combination with chemotherapy is superior to chemotherapy in metastatic cancer remains controversial. The study aims to give the effectiveness and safety of pembrolizumab-related interventions compared to chemotherapy in metastatic cancer.

Methods: Electronic databases were systematically searched until November 20, 2023, for all randomized controlled trials comparing Pembrolizumab alone or in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy for metastatic cancer.

Clinical value of fractional flow reserve in coronary heart disease: A retrospective study.

This study investigated the clinical value of coronary arteriography (CAG) combined with fractional flow reserve (FFR) in the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD) with coronary artery stenosis exceeding 70%. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 344 patients with CHD treated at the Gansu Institute of Cardiovascular Science from January 2020 to May 2022. The patients were divided into the CAG group (n = 138) and the CAG + FFR group (n = 206).