Homeobox B8 Targets Sterile Alpha Motif Domain-Containing Protein 9 and Drives Glioma Progression.

Gliomas are the most commonly occurring tumors of the central nervous system. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant and aggressive brain cancer in adults. Further understanding of the mechanisms underlying the aggressive nature of GBM is urgently needed.

Development and Validation of a Deep Learning System to Detect Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy Using Fundus Photographs.

Importance: A deep learning system (DLS) that could automatically detect glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) with high sensitivity and specificity could expedite screening for GON.

Objective: To establish a DLS for detection of GON using retinal fundus images and glaucoma diagnosis with convoluted neural networks (GD-CNN) that has the ability to be generalized across populations.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this cross-sectional study, a DLS for the classification of GON was developed for automated classification of GON using retinal fundus images obtained from the Chinese Glaucoma Study Alliance, the Handan Eye Study, and online databases.

C1Q/TNF-related protein 4 expression correlates with herpes simplex encephalitis progression.

Background: Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), an acute inflammatory disease of the central nervous system is caused by the herpes simplex virus infection. HSE occurs at any age, and it is often accompanied by high mortality and neurological dysfunction. The C1Q/TNF-related protein (CTRP) family, usually contains a homotrimeric structure, which comprises the N-terminal signal peptide and the C-terminal C1q globular domain.

LINC00958 regulated miR-627-5p/YBX2 axis to facilitate cell proliferation and migration in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the subtype of head and neck cancers, is notorious for its high incidence and death rate. The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is discovered to be significant for the canceration and cancer progression. Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 958 (LINC00958) is discovered as a carcinogene in multiple cancers, such as gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, and glioma, but there has been no report about how LINC00958 functions in OSCC.

Probable RBD Associates with the Development of RLS in Parkinson's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of restless leg syndrome (RLS) and exploring the contributing factors that affect the development of RLS in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted consisting of 178 consecutive PD patients from our hospital between October 2015 and August 2016. We divided the participants into two groups, which were PD with RLS and PD with non-RLS.

[A multi-center cross-sectional survey of medicine application in patients with osteoarthritis in China].

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, the medicine application and to evaluate the disease activity in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) in China.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Totally 1 066 cases of OA from 40 hospitals in China from April to October 2017 were retrospectively enrolled.

Update of humanized animal disease models in studying Graft-versus-host disease.

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a severe adverse effect that results from bone marrow or peripheral blood cells transplantation and has a high rate of mortality. About 50% of the patients are accompanied with acute Graft-versus-Host Disease (aGVHD) after bone marrow cell transplantation and need systematic treatment. It has an important clinical significance to evaluate the prevention and treatment effects of GVHD.

Alcohol accumulation promotes esophagitis via pyroptosis activation.

Gastroesophageal reflux impairs the mucosal barrier in the distal esophagus, allowing chronic exposure of the squamous epithelium to multitudinous stimulations and inducing chronic inflammation. Esophagitis is a response to inflammation of the esophageal squamous mucosa. Our study clarified that alcohol accumulation could aggravate the progress of esophagitis by inducing pyroptosis; however, Ac-YVAD-CMK, an inhibitor of caspase-1, could effectively suppress the expression of IL-1β and IL-18 both and , reducing the inflammatory response, which is promised to be an agent to inhibit the progression of esophagitis.

Keratinocyte growth factor binding to fibroblast growth factor receptor 2-IIIb promotes epithelial ovarian cancer cell proliferation and invasion.

Aim Of Study: To analyze the function of keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and it ligand fibroblast growth factor receptor 2-IIIb (FGFR2-IIIb) in the epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) progression.

Materials And Methods: In this study, the protein KGF and corresponding ligand FGFR2-IIIb expression were detected in both normal epithelial ovarian tissues and in EOC tissues. Seventy-one ovarian tumor tissues were examined for KGF and FGFR2-IIIb expression by immunohistochemistry; seven normal epithelial ovarian tissues as control were examined.

Onjisaponin B (OB) is Neuroprotective During Cognitive Loss Through Immune-mediated and SIRT1 Pathways.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of Onjisaponin B (OB) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cognitive deficits.

Methods: The rats were divided into four groups: sham group, LPS group (the model group), LPS + OB (1 mg/kg) group and LPS + OB (2 mg/kg) group. OB was treated three days before surgery and thereafter continuously for 7 days.

Simvastatin Suppresses Proliferation and Migration in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer via Pyroptosis.

Pyroptosis is a form of caspase-1-dependent programmed cell death with anti-tumor properties, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. The results of our study showed that the antihyperlipidemic drug simvastatin induced pyroptosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines and a xenograft mouse model. Inhibition of pyroptosis attenuated the effects of simvastatin on tumor cell viability and migration.

Phosphatidylserine-exposing cells contribute to the hypercoagulable state in patients with multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by an increased incidence of thromboembolic events, particularly when treated with immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) in combination with dexamethasone. The optimal prophylactic strategy to prevent the hypercoagulable state of patients with MM is still debated. The aim of the current study was to investigate the definitive role of phosphatidylserine (PS) in supporting procoagulant activity (PCA) in patients with MM.

Cholesterol Esterification Enzyme Inhibition Enhances Antitumor Effects of Human Chimeric Antigen Receptors Modified T Cells.

Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cell (CART) therapy has been demonstrated to have significant effect on hematologic tumor in patients. However, many persistent obstacles and challenges still limit the application. It is known that CD8 T cells are a key component of antitumor immunity.

Geniposide attenuates Staphylococcus aureus-induced pneumonia in mice by inhibiting NF-κB activation.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a major cause of pneumonia that often affects young and immunocompetent patients. Inflammation plays an important role in the development of S.

Lemur Tyrosine Kinase-3 Suppresses Growth of Prostate Cancer Via the AKT and MAPK Signaling Pathways.

Background/aims: Lemur tyrosine kinase (LMTK)-3 is a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Abnormal expression of LMTK-3 exists in various types of cancers, especially in endocrine-resistant breast cancers; however, the precise level of expression and the biological function in prostate cancer are poorly understood.

Methods: In the present study, we determined the expression of LMTK-3 in prostate cancer using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.

Protective effects of tenuigenin on Staphylococcus aureus-induced pneumonia in mice.

Pneumonia is the leading cause of death in infants and young children. Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) is one of the most important bacteria that leads to pneumonia.

Application of the laparoscopic technique in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma surgery.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of the application of the laparoscopic technique in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Methods: A total of nine cases of patients who received laparoscopic perihilar cholangiocarcinoma surgery from January 2007 to May 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The Bismuth subtypes consisted of one case of type I, three cases of type II, two cases of type IIIb, and three cases type IV.

miR-1297 regulates neural stem cell differentiation and viability through controlling Hes1 expression.

Objectives: Neural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing, undifferentiated and multipotent precursors that can generate neuronal and glial lineages. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that act crucial roles in cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. However, the role of miR-1297 in the development of NSCs is still unknown.

Expression of GLP-1 receptor and CD26 in human thyroid C-cells: The association of thyroid C-cell tumorigenesis with incretin-based medicine.

Recent reports have demonstrated that long-term and high dosage treatments with incretin-based medicine, such as hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) may induce thyroid C-cell pathological changes in rodents, rather than in humans. Doubts regarding the tumorigenic potential of GLP-1 analogues in human thyroid C-cells remain. The present study aimed to determine the expression levels of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and cluster of differentiation 26 (CD26) in the C-cells of thyroid tissues from non-neoplastic, medullary carcinoma and hyperplasia subjects, and to explore the potential clinical significance.

Neuronal plasticity of trigeminal ganglia in mice following nerve injury.

Background: Nerve injury may induce neuropathic pain. In studying the mechanisms of orofacial neuropathic pain, attention has been paid to the plastic changes that occur in the trigeminal ganglia (TGs) and nucleus in response to an injury of the trigeminal nerve branches. Previous studies have explored the impact of sciatic nerve injury on dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and it has shown dramatic changes in the expression of multiple biomarkers.

Coxsackievirus B3 induces the formation of autophagosomes in cardiac fibroblasts both in vitro and in vivo.

Coxsackievirus group B (CVB) is one of the common pathogens that cause myocarditis and cardiomyopathy. Evidence has shown that CVB replication in cardiomyocytes is responsible for the damage and loss of cardiac muscle and the dysfunction of the heart. However, it remains largely undefined how CVB would directly impact cardiac fibroblasts, the most abundant cells in human heart.

MicroRNA-195 targets VEGFR2 and has a tumor suppressive role in ACHN cells via PI3K/Akt and Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathways.

Increasing evidence indicates that dysregulation of miR-195 may contribute to the occurrence and development of multiple types of human malignancies. However, the function and the mechanism of miR-195 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are still not fully understood. In the present study, we used qRT-PCR to detect the expression of miR-195 in ccRCC tissues and normal kidney tissues.