[Influence of vagus nerve on multiple organ function and immune reaction of T lymphocytes in septic rats].

To explore influence of vagus nerve on multiple organ function and immune reaction of T lymphocytes in septic rats. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham injury group, sepsis group, vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) group, and vagotomy (VGX) group, according to the random number table, with 10 rats in each group. Rats in sepsis group, VNS group, and VGX group were inflicted with sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP).

[Precision evaluation of immune status and its significance in sepsis after burns or trauma].

Sepsis induced by major burns, trauma, and hemorrhage, remains a major cause of death of patients in intensive care units, and it may result in both the widespread activation and dysfunction of the innate as well as adaptive responses in host immune system. A large amount of information concerning subsets of innate and adaptive immune cells in sepsis has implicated that these cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, regulatory T lymphocytes, and natural killer cells, have profound effects on immunoreactivity during acute insults or sepsis through modulating multiple receptor expressions or cytokine secretion, in turn contributing to the development and outcome of sepsis. It is of great significance that precision monitoring of immune function and the related indicators might help to assess the risk of secondary infection, the prognosis of septic patients, and guide the treatment of septic complications.

Chemical modulation of cell fates: in situ regeneration.

Chemical modulation of cell fates has been widely used to promote tissue and organ regeneration. Small molecules can target the self-renewal, expansion, differentiation, and survival of endogenous stem cells for enhancing their regenerative power or induce dedifferentiation or transdifferentiation of mature cells into proliferative progenitors or specialized cell types needed for regeneration. Here, we discuss current progress and potential using small molecules to promote in vivo regenerative processes by regulating the cell fate.

Efficacy and safety of Xuebijing injection (a Chinese patent) for sepsis: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Xuebijing injection (XBJ), a Chinese patent medicine that was approved for treating sepsis in China in 2004, consists of Carthamus tinctorius L. (Carthami Flos, hong hua), Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (Paeoniae Radix Rubra, chi shao), Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.

[Effects of scar excision combined with negative-pressure on repair of hypertrophic scar in burn children].

To explore the effects of scar excision combined with negative-pressure on repair of hypertrophic scar in burn children. From October 2010 to August 2016, 25 children with hypertrophic scar after deep burn were hospitalized, with scar course ranging from 3 months to 11 years and scar area ranging from 35 to 427 [83(51, 98)]cm(2). A total of 35 scars of 25 children were located in trunk (11 scars), upper limb (11 scars), and lower limb (13 scars).

Small molecules for reprogramming and transdifferentiation.

Pluripotency reprogramming and transdifferentiation induced by transcription factors can generate induced pluripotent stem cells, adult stem cells or specialized cells. However, the induction efficiency and the reintroduction of exogenous genes limit their translation into clinical applications. Small molecules that target signaling pathways, epigenetic modifications, or metabolic processes can regulate cell development, cell fate, and function.

[Protective effects of valproic acid on gut barrier function after major burn injury and its mechanism].

Objective: To investigate the potential protective effects of valproic acid (VPA) on gut barrier function after major burn injury in rats and its mechanism.

Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into sham + normal saline (NS), sham + VPA, scald + NS, and scald + VPA groups, with 10 rats in each group. Rat with 55% total body surface area (TBSA) third-degree severe-burns model was reproduced by immersing into 80 °C water, and the rats in sham groups were given sham-burns by immersing into 37 °C water.

Comparison of the Performance Between Sepsis-1 and Sepsis-3 in ICUs in China: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

The definition of sepsis was updated to sepsis-3 in February 2016. However, the performance of the previous and new definition of sepsis remains unclear in China. This was a retrospective multicenter study in six intensive care unit (ICUs) from five university-affiliated hospitals to compare the performance between sepsis-1 and sepsis-3 in China.

[Bibliometric analysis of scientific articles on epidemiological study of burns in China].

To analyze the current status of epidemiological study of burns in China, and to explore the related strategies. Retrospective or cross-sectional scientific articles in Chinese or English on epidemiological study of burns in China published from January 2005 to December 2015 were systemically retrieved from 4 databases. The databases include and -.

[An epidemiological investigation of pediatric patients under 14 with large area burns: a multicenter study].

To investigate and evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of patients under 14 with large area burns in China. Data of pediatric patients aged 0-14yr with ≥30% total body surface area (TBSA) burned admitted into 106 burn centers in the mainland of China in 2014 were retrieved. The children were divided into three age groups: 0-3, 4-6 and 7-14 years according to the age.

[Influences of exendin-4 on the secretion function of islet beta cells from rats in the early stage of severe scald].

To observe the secretion function changes of islet beta cells isolated from rats in the early stage of severe scald, and to explore the influence of them. Thirty-six Wistar rats were divided into sham injury (SI) group, sham injury+ exendin-4 (SIE) group, scald (S) group, and scald+ exendin-4 (SE) group according to the random number table, with 9 rats in each group. Rats in groups S and SE were inflicted with 50% total body surface area full-thickness scald by a 12-s immersion of back and a 6-s immersion of abdomen in 94 ℃ hot water.

Epigenetic Control of Reprogramming and Transdifferentiation by Histone Modifications.

Somatic cells can be reprogrammed to pluripotent stem cells or transdifferentiate to another lineage cell type. Much efforts have been made to unravel the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the cell fate conversion. Histone modifications as the major epigenetic regulator are implicated in various aspects of reprogramming and transdifferentiation.

[Advances in the research of effects of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway on vital organ function and its mechanism].

Serious major burns, trauma and surgical stress can easily develop into sepsis, and further result in septic shock or even multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). The mechanism of MODS is complicated, including excessive inflammation, immune dysfunction, coagulation disorder, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Recent studies have demonstrated that the nervous system could significantly and quickly suppress systemic inflammatory response via the vagus nerve, which might improve multiple organ damage following acute injury.

[Clinical efficacy of negative-pressure wound therapy combined with porcine acellular dermal matrix for repairing deep burn wounds in limbs].

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in combination with porcine acellular dermal matrix (ADM) dressing for repairing deep burn wounds in limbs of patients with non-surgical treatment.

Methods: Thirty-two patients with deep partial-thickness burn to full-thickness burn on the limbs admitted to our ward from June 2012 to December 2015, conforming to the inclusion criteria, were divided into group NPWT (n=10, treated with interval negative pressure drainage at -16.6 kPa), group ADM (n=7, treated with porcine ADM dressing), and group NPWT+ ADM (n=15, treated with interval negative pressure drainage and porcine ADM dressing as above) according to the random number table and patient's consent.

[Effects of ulinastatin on immune function of patients with severe burn injury].

Objective: To primarily evaluate the effects of ulinastatin on immune function of patients with severe burn injury.

Methods: Forty patients with severe burn admitted to our ward from March 2013 to October 2015, conforming to the study criteria, were divided into conventional treatment group (CT, n=20) and ulinastatin treatment group (UT, n=20) according to the random number table and patient's consent. After admission, patients in group CT received antishock treatment, antibiotic treatment, debridement, skin grafting, and nutrition support, etc.

[Curative effects of platelet-rich plasma combined with negative-pressure wound therapy on sternal osteomyelitis and sinus tract after thoracotomy].

Objective: To observe the curative effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) combined with negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) on patients with sternal osteomyelitis and sinus tract after thoracotomy.

Methods: Sixty-two patients with sternal osteomyelitis and sinus tract after thoracotomy, hospitalized from March 2011 to June 2015, were retrospectively analyzed. Based on whether receiving PRP or not, patients were divided into two groups, group NPWT ( 22 patients hospitalized from March 2011 to December 2012) and combination treatment group (CT, 40 patients hospitalized from January 2013 to June 2015).

[Effects of transfection of human epidermal growth factor gene with adenovirus vector on biological characteristics of human epidermal cells].

Objective: To investigate the suitable transfection condition of human epidermal cells (hECs) with human epidermal growth factor (EGF) gene by adenovirus vector (Ad-hEGF) and its effects on the biological characteristics of hECs.

Methods: hECs were isolated from deprecated human fresh prepuce tissue of circumcision by enzyme digestion method and then sub-cultured. hECs of the third passage were used in the following experiments.

[Effects of ulinastatin on immune function of spleen in severely burned rats and its mechanism].

Objective: To observe the effects of ulinastatin on immune function of splenic CD4(+) T lymphocytes and CD4(+) CD25(+) regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) and content of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in peripheral blood of severely burned rats, and to analyze the possible mechanisms.

Methods: Ninety-six male SD rats were divided into sham injury group, burn group, and ulinastatin group according to the random number table, with 32 rats in each group. Rats in sham injury group were sham injured on the back by immersing in 37 ℃ warm water for 12 s.

[Progress in treatment of refractory wound and its challenges we are facing].

Till now, though great progress has been made in the treatment of refractory wound, severe challenges are still awaiting to be solved. The strategy of treatment is generally either non-surgical treatment or surgical treatment. Non-surgical treatment includes physical therapy, negative pressure wound therapy, growth factor therapy, stem cell transplantation, gene therapy, application of new biological dressing, application of skin tissue engineering, three-dimensional bio-printing technology, biological therapy, and Chinese herbal medicine therapy.

[Prognostic significance of plasma gelsolin in severe burn patients with sepsis].

Objective: To investigate the changes in plasma gelsolin (pGSN) levels in severe burn patients with sepsis, and to evaluate the prognosis of patients when combined with other related clinical indexes.

Methods: Sixty-five severe burn patients with sepsis hospitalized from June 2013 to June 2015 conforming to the study criteria were divided into death group (n=24) and survival group (n=41) according to the clinical outcome on post sepsis diagnosis day (PSD) 28. The pGSN levels of patients were determined on PSD 1, 3, 7, and 14 with double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

[Clinical significance of immunologic monitoring in septic patients].

Sepsis induced by burns, trauma, and surgical stress, remains a major cause of death of patients in ICUs. A growing number of evidence shows that sepsis may result in dysfunction of innate and adaptive immune system, including the abnormal disorder of immune response of T lymphocytes, regulatory T lymphocytes, and dendritic cells, resulting in a state of immune depression. It is of great significance that dynamic monitoring of immune function and the related indicators might help to assess the risk of secondary infection, the prognosis of septic patients, and to guide the treatment of severe sepsis.

[Comparative experiments of stripping sheep maxillary sinus mucosal with new-type stripper and umbrella detacher].

Objective: To compare the stripping length obtained through the model of 0.012 and 0.014 of the nickel-titanium dual-stage maxillary sinus mucosa stripper, and the umbrella detacher.

[Effects of zinc deficiency on the relevant immune function in rats with sepsis induced by endotoxin/lipopolysaccharide].

Objective: To investigate the effects of zinc deficiency on the relevant immune function in rats with LPS-induced sepsis.

Methods: Sixty rats were divided into low zinc group (LZ), normal zinc pair-fed group (NP), and normal zinc control group (NC) according to the random number table, with 20 rats in each group. The rats in group LZ were fed with low zinc diet, and the rats in group NP were fed with normal zinc diet, with the same intake as that of group LZ by manual control, and the rats in group NC were fed with normal zinc diet freely.

Electroacupuncture at Zusanli Prevents Severe Scalds-Induced Gut Ischemia and Paralysis by Activating the Cholinergic Pathway.

Severe burn injuries may result in gastrointestinal paralysis, and barrier dysfunction due to gut ischemia and lowered vagus excitability. In this study we investigate whether electroacupuncture (EA) at Zusanli (ST36) could prevent severe scalds-induced gut ischemia, paralysis, and barrier dysfunction and whether the protective role of EA at ST36 is related to the vagus nerve. 35% burn area rats were divided into six groups: (a) EAN: EA nonchannel acupoints followed by scald injury; (b) EA: EA at ST36 after scald injury; (c) VGX/EA: vagotomy (VGX) before EA at ST36 and scald injury; (d) VGX/EAN: VGX before EAN and scald injury; (e) atropine/EA: applying atropine before scald injury and then EA at ST36; (f) atropine/EAN: applying atropine before scald injury and then EA at nonchannel acupoints.