Blockade of PVN neuromedin B receptor alleviates inflammation via the RAS/ROS/NF-κB pathway in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Neuromedin B (NMB) has potentially great impacts on the development of cardiovascular diseases by promoting hypertensive and sympatho-excitation effects. However, studies regarding the NMB function in paraventricular nucleus (PVN) are lacking. With selective neuromedin B receptor (NMBR) antagonist, BIM-23127, we aim to determine whether the blockade of NMB function in PVN could alleviate central inflammation and attenuate hypertensive responses.

In-Depth Analysis of Tissue Phosphoproteomics with TiO Enrichment and Fractionation with High-pH Reversed-Phase Chromatography.

Protein phosphorylation is an important post-translational modification that regulates almost all cellular processes, such as cellular metabolism, growth, differentiation, signal transduction, and gene regulation. Mass spectrometry, which acts as an automated and sensitive method, enables global analysis of protein phosphorylation. However, several technical challenges need to be addressed when analyzing protein phosphorylation in a global manner.

A Wet-Adhesion and Swelling-Resistant Hydrogel for Fast Hemostasis, Accelerated Tissue Injury Healing and Bioelectronics.

Hydrogel bioadhesives with adequate wet adhesion and swelling resistance are urgently needed in clinic. However, the presence of blood or body fluid usually weakens the interfacial bonding strength, and even leads to adhesion failure. Herein, profiting from the unique coupling structure of carboxylic and phenyl groups in one component (N-acryloyl phenylalanine) for interfacial drainage and matrix toughening as well as various electrostatic interactions mediated by zwitterions, a novel hydrogel adhesive (PAAS) is developed with superior tissue adhesion properties and matrix swelling resistance in challenging wet conditions (adhesion strength of 85 kPa, interfacial toughness of 450 J m, burst pressure of 514 mmHg, and swelling ratio of <4%).

IGF2BP2 Shapes the Tumor Microenvironment by Regulating Monocyte and Macrophage Recruitment in Bladder Cancer.

Background: Immunotherapy has shown promise for bladder cancer (BC) treatment but is effective only in a subset of patients. Understanding the tumor microenvironment (TME) and its regulators, such as the expression of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulators, may improve therapeutic outcomes. This study focuses on the role of IGF2BP2, an m6A reader, in modulating the BC TME.

The expression of Siglec-10 on naive B cells is involved in the pathology of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objectives: Previous studies have reported the expansion of CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. However, the composition of this cell population, phenotype and characteristics are still unknown.

Methods: We examined this memory B-cell subset's composition and phenotype and determined the SYK and AKT phosphorylation levels by flow cytometry.

A stable rat model of high altitude pulmonary edema established by hypobaric hypoxia combined diurnal temperature fluctuation and exercise.

Hypobaric hypoxia (HH) is regarded as the main cause of high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), however, the effect of diurnal temperature fluctuation and exercise has been overlooked. The aim of current study was to elucidate the role of diurnal temperature fluctuation and exercise in the development of HAPE and establish a reliable experimental rat model. Male SPF Wistar rats were assigned to control group (1400 m, 25 °C) and five model groups: Model Ⅰ group (6000 m, 25 °C), Model Ⅱ group (6000 m, 2 °C), Model Ⅲ group (6000 m, 12 °C/2 °C light/dark cycle), Model IV group (6000 m, 2 °C, and exercise) and Model V group (6000 m, 12 °C/2 °C light/dark cycle, and exercise).

RUNX2 Phase Separation Mediates Long-Range Regulation Between Osteoporosis-Susceptibility Variant and XCR1 to Promote Osteoblast Differentiation.

GWASs have identified many loci associated with osteoporosis, but the underlying genetic regulatory mechanisms and the potential drug target need to be explored. Here, a new regulatory mechanism is found that a GWAS intergenic SNP (rs4683184) functions as an enhancer to influence the binding affinity of transcription factor RUNX2, whose phase separation can mediate the long-range chromatin interaction between enhancer and target gene XCR1 (a member of the GPCR family), leading to changes of XCR1 expression and osteoblast differentiation. Bone-targeting AAV of Xcr1 can improve bone formation in osteoporosis mice, suggesting that XCR1 can be a new susceptibility gene for osteoporosis.

The accuracy of fluorine 18-labelled prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/CT and MRI for diagnosis of prostate cancer in PSA grey zone.

Background: The diagnostic utility of prostate biopsy is limited for prostate cancer (PCa) in the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) grey zone. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT) for PSA grey zone PCa and clinically significant PCa (csPCa).

Methods: A total of 82 patients with PSA levels ranging from 4 to 10 ng/mL who underwent F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT, mpMRI, and prostate biopsy were prospectively enrolled.

Effects of Probucol on plasma amyloid-β transport in patients with hyperlipidemia: a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Although dyslipidemia has been acknowledged as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), the effects of lipid-lowering drugs on AD have not been determined. The primary pathophysiological hallmark of AD is the deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques in the brain. Plasma Aβ levels are influenced by the transport of Aβ from the central nervous system to the peripheral blood.

Au-incorporated metal-organic frameworks nanozymes for thioreduction and glutathione depletion-mediated efficient photoimmunotherapy.

Tumor therapy has historically been a global research focus, with phototherapy garnered significant attention as a innovative treatment modality. However, the antioxidant defense system in the tumor microenvironment, characterized by excessive glutathione (GSH) and thiol-containing proteins, often limits the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy. In this study, we report the development of a new multifunctional integrated nanozyme with thioredoxin reductase-oxidase (TrxRox) and GSH-oxidase (GSHox)-like activities.

Using three-dimensional virtual imaging of renal masses to improve prediction of robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy Tetrafecta with SPARE score.

Objective: To improve the predictability of outcomes in robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy, we utilized three-dimensional virtual imaging for SPARE nephrometry scoring. We compared this method with a conventional two-dimensional scoring system to determine whether 3D virtual images offer enhanced predictive accuracy for Tetrafecta outcomes.

Methods: We retrospectively collected basic information, demographic data, and perioperative indices from patients who underwent robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for renal masses at the Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University.

Quantitative assessment of pulmonary blood flow redistribution in the classification of group 1 and group 4 pulmonary hypertension.

Background: All patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH), without left heart disease or lung diseases, need further distinguishing between pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). This study aimed to investigate the value of quantitative assessment of pulmonary blood flow redistribution in further classification.

Methods: Forty-six patients who underwent echocardiography and computed tomography pulmonary angiography at The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University were included in this cross-sectional study, and all patients were categorized into a non-PH group (18 cases), a PAH group (12 cases), and a CTEPH group (16 cases).

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation as a potential therapy for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: modulation of the noradrenergic pathway in the prefrontal lobe.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by developmental impairments, inattention, motor hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Currently, there is no effective intervention that can completely cure it. One of the pathogenic mechanisms of ADHD involves abnormalities in the norepinephrine (NE) pathway within the prefrontal cortex (PFC).

SPAG5 is a potential therapeutic target affecting proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of esophageal cancer cells.

Background: Sperm-associated antigen 5 (SPAG5) is a mitotic spindle protein crucial for coordinating the separation of sister chromatids into daughter cells. Increasing evidence suggests that SPAG5 is overexpressed in various malignancies, functioning as an oncogene. However, research specifically examining SPAG5 in esophageal cancer remains limited.

Metabolomic studies reveal and validate potential biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy in two Chinese datasets with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and causes vision impairment and blindness. The presence of major risk factors for DR, such as high levels of HbA1c, does not predict all DR pathogenesis in the clinic, which suggests that uncovering the underlying mechanisms and identifying novel markers are needed. Previous evidence has shown that the serum metabolic signature of DR is unique and detectable compared with that of diabetes mellitus (DM).

Reduced-dose deep learning iterative reconstruction for abdominal computed tomography with low tube voltage and tube current.

Background: The low tube-voltage technique (e.g., 80 kV) can efficiently reduce the radiation dose and increase the contrast enhancement of vascular and parenchymal structures in abdominal CT.

Grid-based analysis of three-dimensional choroidal Sattler's and Haller's layer vascularity volume index and its relation to age and axial length in adults by ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography.

Background: This study was to evaluate the features of choroidal Sattler's and Haller's layer (CSHL) vessels in adults and explore its relationship with factors such as age, axial length (AL) and body mass index (BMI) by using ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (ultra-widefield SS-OCTA).

Methods: 24mm × 20mm fovea centered rectangular SS-OCTA scans were acquired. They were divided into 9 identical grids, with each equal size of 8 mm × 6.

Identification of pyroptosis-associated miRNAs in the immunoscape and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most prevalent types of liver malignancy and poses a severe threat to global health. Despite recent improvements in therapeutic approaches, treatment options for patients with advanced or recurrent HCC are still limited.

Materials And Methods: Our study analyzed miRNA differential expression using data from hepatocellular carcinoma patients in the Cancer Genome Atlas.

A prospective study of associations between accelerated biological aging and twenty musculoskeletal disorders.

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders pose major public health challenges, and accelerated biological aging may increase their risk. This study investigates the association between biological aging and musculoskeletal disorders, with a focus on sex-related differences.

Methods: We analyzed data from 172,332 UK Biobank participants (mean age of 56.

Discovery of the Novel HLA-DRB4*01:03:01:21 Allele by Third-Generation HLA-Targeted Sequencing Technology.

HLA-DRB4*01:03:01:21 differs from DRB4*01:03:01:11 by two nucleotide changes in intron 1 and intron 2.