Elevated glutamate, glutamine and GABA levels and reduced taurine level in a schizophrenia model using an in vitro proton nuclear magnetic resonance method.

Accumulating evidence suggests that brain metabolic changes may be associated with the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Both and studies have found glutamatergic and GABAergic abnormalities in different brain regions of individuals with schizophrenia. We report a longitudinal behavioral study in a methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM) rat model of schizophrenia at three different age periods: prepuberty, late-puberty and early-adulthood.

Transarterial Infusion of iRGD-Modified ZrO Nanoparticles with Lipiodol Improves the Tissue Distribution of Doxorubicin and Its Antitumor Efficacy.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of transarterial infusion of iRGD-modified and doxorubicin-loaded zirconia-composite nanoparticles (R-DZCNs) with lipiodol in the improvement of the distribution of doxorubicin (DOX) in liver tumors and its antitumor efficacy.

Materials And Methods: The effect of R-DZCNs was evaluated in vitro by tumor cellular uptake and cytotoxicity assays. For the in vivo study, DOX distribution and antitumor efficiency were assessed.

AAV-Mig-6 Increase the Efficacy of TAE in VX2 Rabbit Model, Is Associated With JNK Mediated Autophagy.

The characterization of high recurrence rate of HCC after TAE provides insights into persistent issues surrounding the role of adjunct therapies administered with TAE. As a regulator of the HER family, Mig-6 is down-regulated in HCC and predicts the prognosis of HCC. In this study, we found up-regulation the expression of Mig-6 enhances autophagy in HCC cells.

Upregulation of miR-335 ameliorates myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury via targeting hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha subunit inhibitor.

MicroRNA-335 (miR-335) is implicated in several pathophysiological processes, including tumorigenesis, lipid metabolism and ischemic stroke; however, whether miR-335 plays a role in modulating myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) is still unknown. This study is aimed to explore the role and mechanism of miR-335 in the pathophysiological process of MIRI. Specifically, miR-335 mimics or a chemically modified agomiR-335 were transfected or injected into H9c2 cells and Wistar rats to upregulate miR-335 expression and , respectively.

Role of miRNA-21/PTEN on the high glucose-induced EMT in human mesothelial peritoneal cells.

Objective: To explore the effects of miRNA-21/phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) on the high glucose-stimulated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs).

Methods: HPMCs were cultured under control conditions, or with high glucose (HG), HG with miRNA-21 mimic or a miRNA-21 inhibitor. Expression of miRNA-21, α-smooth muscle actin, >fibronectin, E-cadherin and PTEN were measured by real time PCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining.

Expression of cleaved caspase-3 predicts good chemotherapy response but poor survival for patients with advanced primary triple-negative breast cancer.

Objective: To assess cleaved caspase-3 (CC3), Ki-67, and E-cadherin (E-cad) expression in relation to chemotherapy response and prognosis of patients with advanced primary triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Methods: CC3 expression was detected immunohistochemically in 67 pre-chemotherapy biopsy samples. Ki67 and E-cad levels were obtained from patients' medical records.

Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma cells.

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been identified to play a crucial role in tumorigenesis and the progression of many types of tumors. However, the clinical significance and biological function of lncRNA nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1(NEAT1) in human osteosarcoma remains unknown. Here, we investigated the role of NEAT1 in human osteosarcoma cell lines and clinical tumor samples.

DDIAS promotes invasion and proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer and predicts poor survival of lung cancer patients.

DNA damage-induced apoptosis suppressor (DDIAS), also called hNoxin or C11 or f82, is an anti-apoptotic protein in response to stress. The clinicopathological significance of DDIAS in non-small cell lung cancer patients is largely unknown until now. The purpose of our study is to analyze the clinicopathological association of DDIAS in NSCLC patients.

Anti-angiogenic effect of rapamycin in mouse oxygen-induced retinopathy is mediated through suppression of HIF-1alpha/VEGF pathway.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α)-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, a downstream of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), plays a major role in the formation of pathological retinal angiogenesis. Rapamycin (RAPA), a highly specific inhibitor of mTOR, is widely used in cancer studies for its antiangiogenic activity. However, the inhibitory effects of RAPA on the HIF-1α-VEGF pathway in retinal tissues were rarely researched.

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in new-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.

Background:: The clinical significance of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in patients with new-onset systemic lupus erythematosus, especially in systemic disease accompanied by interstitial lung disease remains to be elucidated.

Objectives:: This study was designed to investigate the role of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in new-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

Methods:: A hundred and seven patients with new-onset SLE were enrolled.

Validation of the Parkinson Fatigue Scale in Chinese Parkinson's disease patients.

Objective: Fatigue is a common nonmotor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD); however, the Parkinson's disease fatigue scale (PFS), which is designed to measure fatigue in PD, has not been validated in China. The aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the PFS in PD patients.

Methods: A total of 115 PD patients were evaluated at baseline and after 7 days.

SIRT4 inhibits malignancy progression of NSCLCs, through mitochondrial dynamics mediated by the ERK-Drp1 pathway.

SIRT4 is well-known for its deacetylase activity in energy metabolism, but little is known about its roles in carcinogenesis. We demonstrated that SIRT4 was decreased in 70 out of 133 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases by immunohistochemical staining and localized in the mitochondria using confocal microscopy. Low levels of SIRT4 expression was correlated with tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, histological type of tumor (adenocarcinoma), lymph nodal status, Ki-67 (proliferation index) and poor overall survival.

Subcomponents and Connectivity of the Inferior Fronto-Occipital Fasciculus Revealed by Diffusion Spectrum Imaging Fiber Tracking.

The definitive structure and functional role of the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF) are still controversial. In this study, we aimed to investigate the connectivity, asymmetry, and segmentation patterns of this bundle. High angular diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) analysis was performed on 10 healthy adults and a 90-subject DSI template (NTU-90 Atlas).

Segmentation of the Cingulum Bundle in the Human Brain: A New Perspective Based on DSI Tractography and Fiber Dissection Study.

The cingulum bundle (CB) is a critical white matter fiber tract in the brain, which forms connections between the frontal lobe, parietal lobe and temporal lobe. In non-human primates, the CB is actually divided into distinct subcomponents on the basis of corticocortical connections. However, at present, no study has verified similar distinct subdivisions in the human brain.

Gypenoside Protects Cardiomyocytes against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via the Inhibition of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Mediated Nuclear Factor Kappa B Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo.

Gypenoside (GP) is the major effective component of Gynostemma pentaphyllum and has been shown to encompass a variety of pharmacological activities. In this study, we investigated whether GP is able to protect cardiomyocytes against injury myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by using in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation-reoxygenation (OGD/R) H9c2 cell model and in vivo myocardial I/R rat model. We found that GP pre-treatment alleviated the impairments on the cardiac structure and function in I/R injured rats.

Macroscopic serosal classification of colorectal cancer and its clinical significance.

Background: Macroscopic serosal classification of gastric cancer has been reported in previous studies, but rarely reported about it of colorectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to propose a macroscopic serosal classification of colorectal cancer and to investigate clinical significance of this classification.

Materials And Methods: Morphologic features of colorectal cancer were analyzed according to the macroscopic serosal appearance and clinicopathologic characteristics of these patients were retrospectively reviewed.

Live and heat-killed probiotic: effects on chronic experimental colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in rats.

Although a series of studies have shown that VSL#3 (L plantarum, L Bulgaricus, L casei and L. acidophilus, B breve, B longum and B infantis and S salivarius subspecies thermophilus) can exert therapeutic effects on colitis, whether heat-killed VSL#3 also can exert similar effects has never been tested. The aim of the study was to investigate whether heat-killed VSL#3 exert therapeutic effects in chronic experimental colitis by inhibiting STAT3 pathway.

Cardial leiomyosarcoma with multiple lesions involved: a case report.

Background: Leiomyosarcoma of the heart is extremely rare and may involve many symptoms. The outcome is poor and the median survival is only 6 months.

Case Presentation: A 43-years-old female patient complained of palpitation and dyspnea and was diagnosed as bilateral iliac vein-inferior vena cava-right atrium-pulmonary masses.

Plexiform myxoid gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a potential diagnostic pitfall in pathological findings.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) have a rather wide morphologic spectrum. Here, we report a rare variant plexiform GIST in gastric antrum. Microscopically, the tumor showed plexiform or multinodular growth pattern, proliferation of spindle cells, presence of epithelioid cells, and abundant myxoid stroma with thin-walled blood vessels.

Immunohistochemical detection of STAT6, CD34, CD99 and BCL-2 for diagnosing solitary fibrous tumors/hemangiopericytomas.

Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs)/hemangiopericytomas (HPCs) are uncommon mesenchymal neoplasms of fibroblastic type that can arise anywhere in the body. Recently, NGFI-A binding protein 2 (NAB2)-signal transducer and the activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) fusion gene were discovered as a hallmark of SFTs/HPCs by using whole-exome, and transcriptome sequencing; consequently, the fusion gene can be rapidly detected by STAT6 immunohistochemistry. In this study, 53 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues were performed using immunohistochemistry with antibodies against STAT6, CD34, CD99 and Bcl-2.

Long non-coding RNA MALAT-1 is downregulated in preeclampsia and regulates proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of JEG-3 trophoblast cells.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), as a newly identified subset of the transcriptome, has been implicated in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript-1 (MALAT-1), a lncRNA that was initially detected in the metastatic lung cancer, was reported to be overexpressed in placenta previa increta/percreta (I/P), which is caused by excessive trophoblast invasion. However, the role of MALAT-1 in the regulation of trophoblast behavior is not fully understood.

Fenofibrate, a PPARα agonist, protect proximal tubular cells from albumin-bound fatty acids induced apoptosis via the activation of NF-kB.

Albumin-bound fatty acids is the main cause of renal damage, PPARα is responsible in the metabolism of fatty acids. Previous study found that PPARα played a protective role in fatty acids overload associated tubular injury. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether fenofibrate, a PPARα ligands, could contribute to the renoprotective action in fatty acids overload proximal tubule epithelial cells.

A comparison of oral squamous cell carcinoma between young and old patients in a single medical center in China.

Purpose: There is no consensus regarding the clinical course and prognosis for oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in young patients. In this study, we report our experience with the management of oral squamous cell carcinoma, with a special focus on patients younger than 40 years old.

Methods: From 2005 to 2012, all patients were treated for oral (gingiva, the anterior 2/3 of tongue, floor of the mouth and buccal) SCC in our medical center were enrolled.

Survivin contributes to the progression of diabetic retinopathy through HIF-1α pathway.

Hypoxia plays a critical role in the formation of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and survivin are upregulated following hypoxia, and contribute to the angiogenesis in cancer. The goal of our study was to investigate if the expression of HIF-1α and survivin is related to the retinal vascular change of rats with different stages of diabetes mellitus (DM).

Identification of low miR-105 expression as a novel poor prognostic predictor for human glioma.

Glioma is the most common and aggressive brain tumor with poor clinical outcome. Identification and development of new biomarkers could be beneficial for diagnosis and prognosis of glioma patients. Recent studies have showed evidences that dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is involved in glioma tumorigenesis.