CRISPR technology combined with isothermal amplification methods for the diagnosis of Candida albicans infection.

Since Candida albicans, a type of fungus, causes severe infections that pose a significant threat to human health, its rapid detection is critical in clinical antifungal therapy. Traditional fungal diagnostic approaches are largely based on the culture method. This method is time-consuming and laborious, taking about 48-72 h, and cannot identify emerging species, making it unsuitable for critically ill patients with bloodstream infections, sepsis, and so on.

Cognitive-motor dual-task training on gait and balance in stroke patients: meta-analytic report and trial sequential analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Objective: Cognitive-motor dual-tasking training (CMDT) might improve limb function and motor performance in stroke patients. However, is there enough evidence to prove that it is more effective compared with conventional physical single-task training? This meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of CMDT on balance and gait for treating hemiplegic stroke patients.

Methods: The databases were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid Database and The Cochrane Library, SinoMed database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang database, and VIP database up to December 8, 2023.

Exosomes Derived from Endoplasmic Reticulum Stressed Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Enhance the Antitumor Immunity of Dendritic Cells.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERs) is implicated in antitumor immunity. However, the exact role of ERs in mediating the effects of dendritic cells (DCs) is not unclear. In this study, we explored the role of exosomes derived from ER-stressed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in the antitumor effects of DCs and the precise underlying mechanism.

Salen-Pd(II)-Modified Stereoregular Polyisocyanides for Efficient Cooperative Catalysis of Suzuki Coupling Reaction.

The development of high activity catalysts is crucial for improving industrial efficiency and mitigating environmental pollution. Polyisocyanides, with their pendant groups capable of forming ordered adjacent structures, offer a promising framework for designing cooperative catalysts that mimic the functionality of bimetallic centers. This unique structural arrangement is anticipated to significantly enhance catalytic activity in cooperative reactions.

Systematic Analysis of Disulfidptosis-Related lncRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Vascular Invasion Revealed That AC131009.1 Can Promote HCC Invasion and Metastasis through Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.

Disulfidptosis, a recently identified pathway of cellular demise, served as the focal point of this research, aiming to pinpoint relevant lncRNAs that differentiate between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with and without vascular invasion while also forecasting survival rates and responses to immunotherapy in patients with vascular invasion (VI+). First, we identified 300 DRLRs in the TCGA database. Subsequently, utilizing univariate analysis, LASSO-Cox proportional hazards modeling, and multivariate analytical approaches, we selected three DRLRs (AC009779.

Deep Learning-Based Automatic Segmentation Combined with Radiomics to Predict Post-TACE Liver Failure in HCC Patients.

Objective: To develop and validate a deep learning-based automatic segmentation model and combine with radiomics to predict post-TACE liver failure (PTLF) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective study enrolled 210 TACE-trated HCC patients. Automatic segmentation model based on nnU-Net neural network was developed to segment medical images and assessed by the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC).

Predicting the risk of pulmonary embolism in patients with tuberculosis using machine learning algorithms.

Background: This study aimed to develop predictive models with robust generalization capabilities for assessing the risk of pulmonary embolism in patients with tuberculosis using machine learning algorithms.

Methods: Data were collected from two centers and categorized into development and validation cohorts. Using the development cohort, candidate variables were selected via the Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) method.

Asymmetrical patterns of β-amyloid deposition and cognitive changes in Alzheimer's disease: the SILCODE study.

The asymmetric pattern of β-amyloid plaque distribution across Alzheimer's disease clinical progression stages remains unclear. In this study, 66 participants with normal cognition, 59 with subjective cognitive decline, 12 with mild cognitive impairment, and 11 with Alzheimer's disease dementia were included in the Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline (SILCODE) cohort. A regional asymmetry index, denoting the left-right asymmetry of β-amyloid plaques, was derived for each region based on the Anatomical Automatic Labeling atlas.

NPC1 promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by mediating the accumulation of neutrophils into the tumor microenvironment.

Hepatocellular carcinoma remains a significant threat to human health. Recent studies have found that the intake of cellular cholesterol contributes to the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma, although the exact mechanisms remain unclear. Our analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic databases has identified increased mRNA and protein expression levels of NPC1, a cholesterol intracellular transporter protein, in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues.

Genetic susceptibility of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a meta genome-wide association study in Asian population.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive malignancy and the most common form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that occurs worldwide. To discover risk factors and pathogenesis of DLBCL, we performed the largest GWAS of DLBCL to date in samples of East Asian ancestry, consisting of 2,888 patients with DLBCL and 12,458 controls. The meta-analysis identified three novel loci, rs2233434 on 6p21.

Enhancing AI reliability: A foundation model with uncertainty estimation for optical coherence tomography-based retinal disease diagnosis.

Inability to express the confidence level and detect unseen disease classes limits the clinical implementation of artificial intelligence in the real world. We develop a foundation model with uncertainty estimation (FMUE) to detect 16 retinal conditions on optical coherence tomography (OCT). In the internal test set, FMUE achieves a higher F1 score of 95.

The relationships of metals exposure and disturbance of the vaginal microbiota with the risk of PROM: Results from a birth cohort study.

The vaginal microbiota is proposed to be associated with reproductive health. Exposure to metals during pregnancy is a risk factor for premature rupture of membranes (PROM). PROM can lead to serious maternal complications, thus, identifying the cause and therapeutic targets for it is crucial.

Exosomes of different cellular origins: prospects and challenges in the treatment of acute lung injury after burns.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a critical clinical disease caused by direct factors (inhalation injury, gastroesophageal reflux, ) or indirect factors (including infection, sepsis, burn, shock, trauma, acute pancreatitis, fat embolism, drug overdose, ). ALI is characterized mainly by diffuse interstitial and alveolar edema caused by an uncontrolled inflammatory response and damage to the alveoli-capillary barrier and has very high morbidity and mortality rates. Currently, there is no effective treatment strategy other than mechanical ventilation, fluid management or other supportive treatments.

The involvement of amyloid-β in the central nervous system regulation underlying sleep deprivation-induced rapid ejaculation in rats.

Background: Although some studies suggest that sleep deprivation may affect ejaculation regulation, related research is limited, and the mechanisms remain unclear.

Aim: This study aimed to explore whether sleep deprivation influences ejaculation regulation through amyloid-beta and to investigate its potential mechanisms.

Materials And Methods: Normal ejaculating rats were randomly distributed into three separate groups for the study, and treated with sleep deprivation combined with saline gavage, sleep deprivation combined with sodium butyrate gavage, and control with saline gavage.

HM13 is a predictive biomarker of metastasis and neutrophil infiltration in colorectal cancer.

Background: High levels of histocompatibility minor 13 (HM13) have been related to the progression of several cancers. Here, we investigated the function of HM13 in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: HM13 expression, clinicopathology analysis, and its influence on survival were analyzed in multiple public databases (TCGA, TIMER2.

Comprehensive pan-cancer analysis indicates UCHL5 as a novel cancer biomarker and promotes cervical cancer progression through the Wnt signaling pathway.

Background: UCHL5 was initially recognized as a multifunctional molecule. While recent research has highlighted its involvement in tumor malignant biological behaviors, its specific role in promoting tumor cell apoptosis has drawn particular attention. However, the precise relationship between UCHL5 and various tumor types, as well as its influence within the immune microenvironment, remains unclear.

Advances in chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases and their complications.

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells are genetically engineered T cells expressing transmembrane chimeric antigen receptors with specific targeting abilities. As an emerging immunotherapy, the use of CAR-T cells has made significant breakthroughs in cancer treatment, particularly for hematological malignancies. The success of CAR-T cell therapy in blood cancers highlights its potential for other conditions in which the clearance of pathological cells is therapeutic, such as liver diseases, infectious diseases, heart failure, and diabetes.

Feasibility of reconstructingpatient 3D dose distributions from 2D EPID image data using convolutional neural networks.

. The primary purpose of this work is to demonstrate the feasibility of a deep convolutional neural network (dCNN) based algorithm that uses two-dimensional (2D) electronic portal imaging device (EPID) images and CT images as input to reconstruct 3D dose distributions inside the patient..

Macrophage MST1 protects against schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis by promoting the PPARγ-CD36 pathway and suppressing NF-κB signaling.

Schistosomiasis is characterized by egg-induced hepatic granulomas and subsequent fibrosis. Monocyte-derived macrophages play critical and plastic roles in the progression and regression of liver fibrosis, adopting different polarization phenotypes. Mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 1 (MST1), a serine/threonine kinase, has been established to act as a negative regulator of macrophage-associated inflammation.

Comparative effectiveness of four techniques for identifying vertebral fragility fractures among elderly patients.

Objective: The incidence of vertebral fragile fractures peaked among the elderly population, and identifying individuals at high risk of vertebral fractures and promptly instituting preventions are of critical importance. This study aims to determine the efficacy and values of Hounsfield unit (HU) values, vertebral bone quality (VBQ) scores, bone mineral density (BMD) measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and quantitative computed tomography (QCT) to discriminate between patients with and without vertebral fractures.

Methods: A thorough search was conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wan Fang Database to identify potential studies that met the eligibility criteria.

Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies for Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Diabetic States.

In patients with myocardial infarction, one of the complications that may occur after revascularization is myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), characterized by a depleted myocardial oxygen supply and absence of blood flow recovery after reperfusion, leading to expansion of myocardial infarction, poor healing of myocardial infarction and reversal of left ventricular remodeling, and an increase in the risk for major adverse cardiovascular events such as heart failure, arrhythmia, and cardiac cell death. As a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus increases myocardial susceptibility to myocardial IRI through various mechanisms, increases acute myocardial infarction and myocardial IRI incidence, decreases myocardial responsiveness to protective strategies and efficacy of myocardial IRI protective methods, and increases diabetes mellitus mortality through myocardial infarction. This Review summarizes the mechanisms, existing therapeutic strategies, and potential therapeutic targets of myocardial IRI in diabetic states, which has very compelling clinical significance.