Are education and cohabitation associated with health-related quality of life and self-management during breast cancer follow-up? A longitudinal study.

Background: Oncologist-led follow-up after breast cancer (BC) is increasingly replaced with less intensive follow-up based on higher self-management, which may overburden the less resourceful patients. We examined whether socioeconomic factors measured recently after the implementation of a new follow-up program for BC patients were associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and self-management 12 months later.

Methodology: Between January and August 2017, we invited 1773 patients in Region Zealand, Denmark, to participate in baseline and 12 months follow-up questionnaires.

Harnessing benefit of highly conformal RT techniques for lymphoma patients.

This status article describes current state-of-the-art radiotherapy for lymphomas and new emerging techniques. Current state-of-the-art radiotherapy is sophisticated, individualised, CT-based, intensity-modulated treatment, using PET/CT to define the target. The concept of involved site radiotherapy should be used, delineating the target using the exact same principles as for solid tumours.

Couple Counseling and Pelvic Floor Muscle Training for Men Operated for Prostate Cancer and for Their Female Partners: Results From the Randomized ProCan Trial.

Introduction: Patients with prostate cancer (PC) who undergo radical prostatectomy (RP) experience impaired sexual and urinary function.

Aim: To compare the effect of early couple counseling and pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with usual care for sexual and urinary dysfunction after RP.

Methods: The ProCan study was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with two parallel treatment arms and 1:1 allocation.

Genetically Raised Circulating Bilirubin Levels and Risk of Ten Cancers: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Bilirubin, an endogenous antioxidant, may play a protective role in cancer development. We applied two-sample Mendelian randomization to investigate whether genetically raised bilirubin levels are causally associated with the risk of ten cancers (pancreas, kidney, endometrium, ovary, breast, prostate, lung, Hodgkin's lymphoma, melanoma, and neuroblastoma). The number of cases and their matched controls of European descent ranged from 122,977 and 105,974 for breast cancer to 1200 and 6417 for Hodgkin's lymphoma, respectively.

Perspectives, fears and expectations of patients with gynaecological cancers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A Pan-European study of the European Network of Gynaecological Cancer Advocacy Groups (ENGAGe).

Background: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on European gynaecological cancer patients under active treatment or follow-up has not been documented. We sought to capture the patient perceptions of the COVID-19 implications and the worldwide imposed treatment modifications.

Methods: A patient survey was conducted in 16 European countries, using a new COVID-19-related questionnaire, developed by ENGAGe and the Hospital Anxiety & Depression Scale questionnaire (HADS).

Early indicators of primary brain tumours: a population-based study with 10 years' follow-up.

Background And Purpose: To improve diagnoses of primary brain tumours, knowledge about early indicators is needed. Nationwide Danish health registries were used to conduct a population-based case-control study including all persons diagnosed with a primary brain tumour between 2005 and 2014 in Denmark.

Methods: All 5135 adults diagnosed with a primary brain tumour in the Danish Cancer Registry were matched to 19 572 general population comparisons from the Danish Civil Registration System.

Germline Elongator mutations in Sonic Hedgehog medulloblastoma.

Cancer genomics has revealed many genes and core molecular processes that contribute to human malignancies, but the genetic and molecular bases of many rare cancers remains unclear. Genetic predisposition accounts for 5 to 10% of cancer diagnoses in children, and genetic events that cooperate with known somatic driver events are poorly understood. Pathogenic germline variants in established cancer predisposition genes have been recently identified in 5% of patients with the malignant brain tumour medulloblastoma.

Brentuximab vedotin with chemotherapy for stage III/IV classical Hodgkin lymphoma: 3-year update of the ECHELON-1 study.

The phase 3 ECHELON-1 study demonstrated that brentuximab vedotin (A) with doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (AVD; A+AVD) exhibited superior modified progression-free survival (PFS) vs doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) for frontline treatment of patients with stage III/IV classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Maturing positron emission tomography (PET)-adapted trial data highlight potential limitations of PET-adapted approaches, including toxicities with dose intensification and higher-than-expected relapse rates in PET scan after cycle 2 (PET2)-negative (PET2-) patients. We present an update of the ECHELON-1 study, including an exploratory analysis of 3-year PFS per investigator.

A Weighted Genetic Risk Score of Adult Glioma Susceptibility Loci Associated with Pediatric Brain Tumor Risk.

Genetic risk score (GRS) is used to demonstrate the genetic variants contributing to the polygenic architecture of complex diseases. By using a GRS, we have investigated the additive impact of the known adult glioma susceptibility loci on the pediatric brain tumor (PBT) risk and assessed the proportion of PBT heritability attributable to these susceptibility loci. A GRS was generated for PBTs based on the alleles and associated effect sizes derived from a previously published genome-wide association study on adult glioma.

Lack of association between modifiable exposures and glioma risk: a Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: The etiological basis of glioma is poorly understood. We have used genetic markers in a Mendelian randomization (MR) framework to examine if lifestyle, cardiometabolic, and inflammatory factors influence the risk of glioma. This methodology reduces bias from confounding and is not affected by reverse causation.

Multiple Extracranial Metastases from Primary Gliosarcoma in a Patient with Two Previous Different Primary Cancers.

Gliosarcoma (GS) constitutes a minor fraction of primary glioblastoma (GBM), which is the most frequent malignant brain tumor in adults. Despite the fact that malignant gliomas are highly invasive, extracranial metastases are very rarely seen, and the mechanisms behind extracranial dissemination are still unclarified. We report a case of a 55-year-old male with a prior history of two distinct primary cancer types who, as a third independent type, developed GS with penetrating tumor growth to the skull and subcutaneous soft tissue via explosive spreading through a titanium net as well as extracranial metastases to the lumbar spine, paravertebral musculature, and most likely the right lung.

Labeled as lucky: contradictions between what women and healthcare professionals experience regarding the need for help after the early stages of gynecological cancer.

Purpose: To explore how participants perceived a nurse-led, person-centered intervention, Guided Self-Determination Gynecological Cancer (GSD-GYN-C) and how participants felt it influenced the challenges they faced and their rehabilitation after gynecological cancer surgery.

Methods: Participants were invited from a previously conducted randomized trial where GSD-GYN-C improved physical quality of life in the intervention group. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Nintedanib in combination with pemetrexed and cisplatin for chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma (LUME-Meso): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial.

Background: Nintedanib targets VEGF receptors 1-3, PDGF receptors α and β, FGF receptors 1-3, and Src and Abl kinases, which are all implicated in malignant pleural mesothelioma pathogenesis. Here, we report the final results of the phase 3 part of the LUME-Meso trial, which aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of pemetrexed plus cisplatin combined with nintedanib or placebo in unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Methods: This double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial was done at 120 academic medical centres and community clinics in 27 countries across the world.

Childhood use of antimicrobials and risk of Hodgkin lymphoma: a Danish register-based cohort study.

The peculiar bimodal age distribution of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), together with other epidemiological findings, inspired the so-called "late infection hypothesis" in the 1970s. Under this model, HL in young adults is caused by delayed infection with a relatively common agent, with HL risk increasing with age at infection. We time-dependently tallied prescriptions filled, for a broad spectrum of antimicrobials, at age 0 to 9 years for all Danish HL patients diagnosed in 1997 to 2015 at age 10 to 25 years (n = 296) and up to 10 controls for each of these, individually matched for sex and birthdate (n = 2688).

Safety and clinical activity of the Notch inhibitor, crenigacestat (LY3039478), in an open-label phase I trial expansion cohort of advanced or metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Background Deregulated Notch signaling is implicated in multiple cancers. The phase I trial (I6F-MC-JJCA) investigated the safety and anti-tumor activity of crenigacestat (LY3039478), a selective oral Notch inhibitor, in an expansion cohort of patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) who received the dose-escalation-recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D), established previously (Massard C, et al., Annals Oncol 2018, 29:1911-17).

Psychotropic Medication Use in Parents of Children Diagnosed With Cancer.

Background: Objective measures on parental distress after a child's cancer diagnosis are sparse. We examined the risk for first prescription of psychotropic medicine among parents of children with cancer compared with parents of children who were cancer free. In addition, we examined if sociodemographic and clinical characteristics are associated with risk of first prescription of psychotropic medication in parents of children with cancer.

Routine surveillance for symptomatic toxicities with real-time clinician reporting in Danish breast cancer patients-Organization and design of the first national, cluster randomized trial using the Patient-Reported Outcomes version of Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE).

The Patient-Reported Outcomes version of Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE) was developed by the National Cancer Institute to capture patient self-reports of symptomatic toxicities during cancer treatment. The aim of this short communication is to describe the design of a national study, which examine the effect of using patients' electronic PRO-CTCAE reporting with real-time feedback to clinicians on treatment events for breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. The study's end-points are defined as dose reduction, hospitalization, and febrile neutropenia.

The use of PRO in adverse event identification during cancer therapy - choosing the right questions to ask.

Adequate and timely monitoring of adverse events to cancer treatment is from our view dependent on a suitable Patient Reported Outcome (PRO) tool developed for the specific patient population based on cytostatic drugs included in the treatment. Therefore, a systematic method for construction of PRO questionnaires including selection of the appropriate questions is needed. The purpose of the present study was to develop and test a method of item selection for a PRO questionnaire to monitor adverse events in oncologic routine treatment of metastatic prostate cancer patients.

Preferring to manage by myself: A qualitative study of the perspectives of hardly reached people with type 2 diabetes on social support for diabetes management.

Aims And Objectives: To explore the perspectives of hardly reached people with type 2 diabetes on social support for diabetes management from their formal and informal networks.

Background: People with low socioeconomic status and poorly controlled type 2 diabetes may be categorised as hardly reached. Social support is increasingly perceived to be a cornerstone in the management of type 2 diabetes.

SPCG-15: a prospective randomized study comparing primary radical prostatectomy and primary radiotherapy plus androgen deprivation therapy for locally advanced prostate cancer.

Objective: To describe study design and procedures for a prospective randomized trial investigating whether radical prostatectomy (RP) ± radiation improves cause-specific survival in comparison with primary radiation treatment (RT) and androgen deprivation treatment (ADT) in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer (LAPC).

Materials And Methods: SPCG-15 is a prospective, multi-centre, open randomized phase III trial. Patients are randomized to either standard (RT + ADT) or experimental (RP with extended pelvic lymph-node dissection and with addition of adjuvant or salvage RT and/or ADT if deemed necessary) treatment.

Depressive symptoms and mental health-related quality of life in adolescence and young adulthood after early parental death.

Little is known about long-term mental health in young adults who participate in ongoing grief counseling programs after early parental death in childhood, adolescence or young adulthood. The purpose of this study was to examine mental health in young adults according to early parental death and participation in grief counseling. : In a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study, we included three samples of young adults age 18-41 years.

Improvements in Imaging of Hodgkin Lymphoma: Positron Emission Tomography.

18-Fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) is currently the criterion standard of lymphoma imaging and recommended through all stages of Hodgkin lymphoma management. Accurate staging is important for risk stratification and initial choice of therapy and also for the planning of postchemoradiotherapy. 18-Fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose PET/CT frequently leads to upstaging and potentially a more intensive treatment.

First-in-human study of LY3039478, an oral Notch signaling inhibitor in advanced or metastatic cancer.

Background: Deregulated Notch signaling due to mutation or overexpression of ligands and/or receptors is implicated in various human malignancies. γ-Secretase inhibitors inhibit Notch signaling by preventing cleavage of transmembrane domain of Notch protein. LY3039478 is a novel, potent Notch inhibitor decreases Notch signaling and its downstream biologic effects.

A Non Platinum Regimen for the Treatment of Recurrent or Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Region. Results From an Extended Phase II Study With Paclitaxel and Capecitabine.

Background: This study presents the results of an extended phase II study originally published in 2007, regarding the antitumor activity and toxicity of a non-platinum containing regimen with paclitaxel and capecitabine for the treatment of recurrent or disseminated squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region. Fifty patients were included in the original study.

Materials And Methods: A total of 183 patients with recurrent or disseminated squamous cell carcinoma were eventually included in the extended study.