Influence of chronotype on responses to a standardized, self-paced walking task in the morning vs afternoon: a pilot study.

The response to sub-maximal physical activity performed in the morning and late afternoon by individuals with different chronotypes was investigated. 22 participants filled out the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire and underwent a self-paced walking task that consisted of walking from the top to the bottom of a hill and back three times (1,836 meters, with a slope of 14.16%).

Struggling for a normal life: work as an individual self-care management strategy among persons living with non-malignant chronic pain.

Background: A significant part of the population suffers from non-malignant chronic pain that is not treated by pain specialists. No successful long-term treatment exists. The patients have to deal with their condition in collaboration with health personnel establishing treatment programmes under uncertain circumstances with few guidelines.

Nursing during World War II: Finnmark County, Northern Norway.

Introduction: This study is part the project "Nursing in Borderland - Finnmark 1939-1950" within nursing history that sheds light on nursing and health care during World War II in Finnmark County, Northern Norway. The study focuses on challenges in nursing care that arose during the war because of war activities in the Barents area. This article focuses on challenges caused by shortage of supplies.

Installed base as a facilitator for user-driven innovation: how can user innovation challenge existing institutional barriers?

The paper addresses an ICT-based, user-driven innovation process in the health sector in rural areas in Norway. The empirical base is the introduction of a new model for psychiatric health provision. This model is supported by a technical solution based on mobile phones that is aimed to help the communication between professional health personnel and patients.

Bachelor studies for nurses organised in rural contexts--a tool for improving the health care services in circumpolar region?

Objectives: This article is based on a pilot study of Finnmark University College's off-campus bachelor programme (BA) for nurses, organised in rural areas. The objectives were to explore whether these courses had contributed to reduced vacancies; whether the learning outcome of the off-campus courses was the same as the on-campus programme, and how the education had influenced the nurses' professional practice in local health services.

Study Design: In the study we used mixed strategies in data collection and analyses.

Heart rate response to a standardized walking exercise in the Arctic circumpolar region in morning vs. evening during the polar night and midnight sun.

Aim: Awareness of daytime and/or seasonal variation in performance and exercise efficiency can be important for athletes and coaches in order to suitably plan training sessions and avoid over-training. The study goal was to evaluate and compare walking-speed and time-related heart rate (HR) responses to a walking task at two times of day and year.

Methods: Five healthy females (age 21-35 years) performed 9 km outdoor walking at 09:00h and 18:00h on 4 consecutive days in a period without sunlight (January) and with continuous daylight (May).

Methodological issues for studying the rest-activity cycle and sleep disturbances: a chronobiological approach using actigraphy data.

Shift work schedules, intensive physical exercise late in the day, psychological stress, or a busy lifestyle might induce disorders of the circadian structure, which can affect health on both the physiological and neurobehavioral levels. Rest-activity rhythm is strongly connected with an organism's circadian structure, and irregular sleep-wake patterns can lead to a disruption of entrainment, resulting in physiological and neurobehavioral dysfunction. Shift nurses are often subject to disturbances in the quality and duration of their sleep, raising the possibility of negative impacts on their health and their patients' safety.

How young people communicate risks of snowmobiling in northern Norway: a focus group study.

Objectives: This study aims to understand how the risks of snowmobiling are communicated among northern Norwegian youths. Study design. A qualitative design with focus group interviews was chosen.

Effects of sleep loss and strenuous physical activity on the rest-activity circadian rhythm: a study on 500 km and 1,000 km dogsled racers.

Objective: Rest-activity circadian rhythm is strongly linked to an organism's entrainment. Sleep loss and prolonged fatigue could affect the circadian system, inducing neurobehavioral deficits. The Finnmarksløpet is Europe's longest dogsled race.

Project work across borders in the arctic Barents region: practical challenges for project members.

The aim of this article was to explore cross-border project cooperation in applied settings in health education as this emerges in the Barents region. Specifically, we wanted to identify the practical challenges for those who participate in the work. This is of direct and indirect relevance to nursing education due to the rapidly increasing student exchange rates, the teachers' increased impetus to take part in international collaboration, and the increased emphasis within nursing education to be culture sensitive and ethnically fair.

Keeping track of time under ice and snow in a sub-arctic lake: plasma melatonin rhythms in Arctic charr overwintering under natural conditions.

Although photoperiod is considered as a major environmental cue for timing of seasonal events in fish, little is known about the photic information perceived by fish in different aquatic environments. The strongly seasonal Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, reside in lakes covered by thick ice and snow throughout the dark winter in the north. In the present study, we have measured diel changes in their plasma melatonin concentrations from September to June in Lake Storvatnet (70 degrees N), northern Norway.

Time period and lesbian identity events: a comparison of Norwegian lesbians across 1986 and 2005.

The purpose of the present work was to investigate the assumption that the lives of lesbians are easier today. When exploring the hypothesis that identity events (e.g.

A hierarchical model of approach achievement motivation and effort regulation during a 90-min. soccer match.

Research indicates that effort close to the lactate threshold during a soccer match is of importance to succeed, so a prospective study was conducted and a hierarchical achievement motivation approach model tested in relation to effort reglation among 55 male high level soccer players (M=23.6 yr., SD=4.

Mesophilic anaerobic treatment of sludge from salmon smolt hatching.

The mesophilic anaerobic treatment of concentrated sludge from an Atlantic salmon smolt hatchery (total solids (TS): 6.3-12.3wt%) was investigated in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) at 35 degrees C and 55-60 days hydraulic retention time (HRT).

Mesophilic anaerobic treatment of sludge from saline fish farm effluents with biogas production.

The mesophilic anaerobic treatment of sludge from saline fish farm effluents (total solids (TS): 8.2-10.2 wt%, chemical oxygen demand (COD): 60-74 g/l, sodium (Na): 10-10.

The parasite Lernaeocera branchialis on caged cod: infection pattern is caused by differences in host susceptibility.

Variation in host susceptibility causes significant differences in infection rates between hosts living in a semi-natural situation. Such knowledge has implications for population dynamics and evolutionary models of host-parasite interactions as well as for estimations of parasite abundance. Infection rates by Lernaeocera branchialis (L.

Geomagnetic activity influences the melatonin secretion at latitude 70 degrees N.

Factors other than light may affect variations in melatonin, including disturbances in the geomagnetic field. Such a possibility was tested in Alta, Norway, located at latitude 70 degrees N, where the aurora borealis is a result of large changes in the horizontal component (H) of the geomagnetic field. Geomagnetic disturbances are felt more strongly closer to the pole than at lower latitudes.