Strength and Poisson's ratio of fused filament fabrication parts made from carbon filler enhanced PEEK compounds at elevated temperatures.

Engineering plastics are finding widespread applications across a broad temperature spectrum, with additive manufacturing (AM) having now become commonplace for producing aerospace-grade components from polymers. However, there is limited data available on the behavior of plastic AM parts exposed to elevated temperatures. This study focuses on investigating the tensile strength, tensile modulus and Poisson's ratio of parts manufactured using fused filament fabrication (FFF) and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) plastics doped with two additives: short carbon fibers (SCFs) and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs).

Immunogenicity and safety of the 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Pneumococcal infections are a serious health issue associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This systematic review evaluated the efficacy, effectiveness, immunogenicity, and safety of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV)15 compared to other pneumococcal vaccines or no vaccination in children and adults. We identified 20 randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Ultrafast Floquet engineering of Fermi-polaron resonances in charge-tunable monolayer WSe devices.

Fermi polarons are emerging quasiparticles when a bosonic impurity immersed in a fermionic bath. Depending on the boson-fermion interaction strength, the Fermi-polaron resonances exhibit either attractive or repulsive interactions, which impose further experimental challenges on understanding the subtle light-driven dynamics. Here, we report the light-driven dynamics of attractive and repulsive Fermi polarons in monolayer WSe devices.

Anti-CTLA4 treatment reduces lymphedema risk potentially through a systemic expansion of the FOXP3 T population.

Secondary lymphedema is a common sequel of oncologic surgery and presents a global health burden still lacking pharmacological treatment. The infiltration of the lymphedematous extremities with CD4T cells influences lymphedema onset and emerges as a promising therapy target. Here, we show that the modulation of CD4FOXP3CD25regulatory T (T) cells upon anti-CTLA4 treatment protects against lymphedema development in patients with melanoma and in a mouse lymphedema model.

Collaborative machine learning-guided overall survival prediction of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: There is a lack of prognosticators of overall survival (OS) for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC).

Objectives: We examined collaborative machine learning (cML) in estimating the OS of OSCC patients. The prognostic significance of the clinicopathological parameters was examined.

Temporal Changes in the Role of Species Sorting and Evolution Determine Community Dynamics.

Evolutionary change within community members and shifts in species composition via species sorting contribute to community and trait dynamics. However, we do not understand when and how both processes contribute to community dynamics. Here, we estimated the contributions of species sorting and evolution over time (60 days) in bacterial communities of 24 species under selection by a ciliate predator.

Global Biases in Ecology and Conservation Research: Insight From Pollinator Studies.

In the fields of ecology and conservation, taxonomic and geographic biases may compromise scientific progress. Using pollinator research as a case study, we evaluate four drivers of these biases and propose solutions to address (i) untested generalisations from highly studied taxa, (ii) information accessibility, (iii) scattered environmental regulations and (iv) restricted infrastructure and funding resources. Expanding the taxonomic, functional and geographic breadth of research and legislation, and involving scientists in policymaking, can generate greater equity, accessibility and impact of future science.

Real-Time Tractography-Assisted Neuronavigation for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.

State-of-the-art navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) systems can display the TMS coil position relative to the structural magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the subject's brain and calculate the induced electric field. However, the local effect of TMS propagates via the white-matter network to different areas of the brain, and currently there is no commercial or research neuronavigation system that can highlight in real time the brain's structural connections during TMS. This lack of real-time visualization may overlook critical inter-individual differences in brain connectivity and does not provide the opportunity to target brain networks.

Dual-stage optimizer for systematic overestimation adjustment applied to multi-objective genetic algorithms for biomarker selection.

The selection of biomarker panels in omics data, challenged by numerous molecular features and limited samples, often requires the use of machine learning methods paired with wrapper feature selection techniques, like genetic algorithms. They test various feature sets-potential biomarker solutions-to fine-tune a machine learning model's performance for supervised tasks, such as classifying cancer subtypes. This optimization process is undertaken using validation sets to evaluate and identify the most effective feature combinations.

Comparable results for the Femoral Neck System and three-screw fixation in femoral neck fracture treatment.

Objectives: To report outcomes of femoral neck fractures (FNFs) treated with Femoral Neck System (FNS) and to compare the risks of later conversion to arthroplasty for FNS and fixation with cannulated screws (CNSs).

Design: A retrospective study.

Setting: A single-center study (Turku University Hospital, Finland).

Aalto Gear Fault datasets for deep-learning based diagnosis.

Accurate system health state prediction through deep learning requires extensive and varied data. However, real-world data scarcity poses a challenge for developing robust fault diagnosis models. This study introduces two extensive datasets, Aalto Shim Dataset and Aalto Gear Fault Dataset, collected under controlled laboratory conditions, aimed at advancing deep learning-based fault diagnosis.

Collected data on bending, vibration, and push-out tests of shallow steel-timber composite beams-Nordic system.

In a slim-floor structural system, beams and slabs are placed at the same level, reducing the overall floor height and material usage in vertical structures, thereby improving economic efficiency. The use of slim-floor structures is common practice in Finnish construction where these structures are typically constructed using hollow-concrete slabs and welded steel box beams. However, in Finland, only a few buildings utilise cross-laminated timber (CLT) slabs in slim-floor structures, and none have incorporated the composite action between CLT and steel beams.

Plant food consumption and emotional well-being: the Helsinki Health Study among 19-39-year-old employees.

Background And Objectives: Associations between fruit and vegetable consumption and mental health have been observed, but studies comparing different types of plant foods are sparse. This study among Finnish municipal employees examined associations of the consumption of a range of different plant foods with emotional well-being (EWB).

Data And Methods: We used survey data from the Helsinki Health Study conducted in 2017 among 19-39-year-old employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland (N = 5898, response rate 51.

The incidence of venous thromboembolism is low when risk stratification-based thromboprophylaxis is used after fast-track hip and knee arthroplasty.

Background: The optimal length of thromboprophylaxis after total hip or knee arthroplasty (THA and TKA) is unknown. Fast-track protocols have improved patient care and led to shorter immobilization and length of stay (LOS) after THA and TKA, thereby diminishing venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk. Here, we investigated risk stratification-based thromboprophylaxis after fast-track THA and TKA.

A comparative evaluation of commercially available short fiber-reinforced composites.

Background: Short fiber-reinforced composites (SFRCs) are restorative materials for large cavities claimed to effectively resist crack propagation. This study aimed to compare the mechanical properties and physical characteristics of five commercially available SFRCS (Alert, Fibrafill Flow, Fibrafill Dentin, everX Flow, and everX Posterior) against a conventional particulate-filled composite (PFC, Essentia Universal).

Methods: The following characteristics were evaluated in accordance with ISO standards: flexural strength and modulus and fracture toughness.

Sex identification in rainbow trout using genomic information and machine learning.

Sex identification in farmed fish is important for the management of fish stocks and breeding programs, but identification based on visual characteristics is typically difficult or impossible in juvenile or premature fish. The amount of genomic data obtained from farmed fish is rapidly growing with the implementation of genomic selection in aquaculture. In comparison to mammals and birds, ray-finned fishes exhibit a greater diversity of sex determination systems, with an absence of conserved genomic regions.

Psychosocial and cognitive determinants of 10-year depressive symptom trajectories in patients with cardiovascular disease: The SMART-Medea study.

Background: Middle-aged and older adults presenting clinically relevant depressive symptoms are often undiagnosed. Understanding the determinants of late-life depressive symptoms could improve prognosis. Further, individuals with manifest cardiovascular disease (CVD) are at an increased risk of depression.

Longitudinal associations of depressive symptoms in father-mother-child triads: A cross-lagged panel network analysis.

Background: The current study aimed to test symptom-level associations underlying the concordance of depressive symptoms in father-mother-child triads. We used network analysis to examine central and bridge symptoms in the contemporaneous depressive network of triads and additionally assessed prospective relationships in temporal depressive networks.

Methods: We included 881 father-mother-child triads with children aged 10 to 14 years from the China Family Panel Studies.

Finnish nationwide controlled register study found increased inpatient infections in children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.

Aim: Studies on treating infections in children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) have been limited.

Unemployment and mental health: a global study of unemployment's influence on diverse mental disorders.

Introduction: Globally, one in five individuals faces unemployment, which substantially increases their risk of developing mental disorders. Understanding the relationship between unemployment and specific mental health outcomes is crucial for formulating effective policy interventions.

Methods: This study examines the relationship between unemployment and mental disorders across 201 countries from 1970 to 2020.

Impact of wind speed and soil frost on electricity distribution system reliability.

Wind is a significant cause of power outages in overhead line networks. Present electricity distribution network management systems provide an extensive amount of data on network faults. These data combined with the openly available weather and soil information allow to analyze the impact of wind and soil frost on electricity system reliability more accurately than in the past.

Protomix: a Python package for H-NMR metabolomics data preprocessing.

Motivation: NMR-based metabolomics is a field driven by technological advancements, necessitating the use of advanced preprocessing tools. Despite this need, there is a remarkable scarcity of comprehensive and user-friendly preprocessing tools in Python. To bridge this gap, we have developed Protomix-a Python package designed for metabolomics research.

Age-related unstable transient states and imbalanced activation proportion of brain networks in people with autism spectrum disorder: A resting-state fMRI study using coactivation pattern analyses.

The atypical static brain functions related to the executive control network (ECN), default mode network (DMN), and salience network (SN) in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been widely reported. However, their transient functions in ASD are not clear. We aim to identify transient network states (TNSs) using coactivation pattern (CAP) analysis to characterize the age-related atypical transient functions in ASD.

Jets Downstream of Collisionless Shocks: Recent Discoveries and Challenges.

Plasma flows with enhanced dynamic pressure, known as magnetosheath jets, are often found downstream of collisionless shocks. As they propagate through the magnetosheath, they interact with the surrounding plasma, shaping its properties, and potentially becoming geoeffective upon reaching the magnetopause. In recent years (since 2016), new research has produced vital results that have significantly enhanced our understanding on many aspects of jets.