Development of a 3D cephalometric index to grade severity of dentofacial deformity in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

This investigation aimed to develop a radiographic 3D cephalometric index to grade severity of dentofacial deformity in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), and to perform a validation against expert evaluations. Data were collected from a population-based Nordic JIA cohort of 240 patients that received a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan approximately 17 years after onset of JIA. The cohort was randomized into two groups: A baseline group for establishing the index (n = 210) and a test group (n = 30).

Causal analysis of dietary preferences and the risk of endometriosis using large-scale population data.

Dietary factors have recently been recognized as potentially influential in the pathogenesis of endometriosis (EM), yet studies on the causal relationship between dietary preferences and EM are limited. The present study aimed to explore the causal relationships between 187 dietary preferences and EM using Mendelian randomization (MR) methods. This study utilised genome-wide association study data from over 500,000 European participants for dietary preferences and 64,658 EM patients from Finland.

Predictive value of myositis antibodies: role of semiquantitative classification and positivity for more than one autoantibody.

Objectives: We assessed the positive predictive value (PPV) of 17 myositis antibodies for having a diagnosis of myositis and other myositis-spectrum conditions (interstitial lung disease (ILD), connective tissue diseases (CTD), malignancy) and evaluated the impact of semiquantitative classification and antibody overlap on the PPVs.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively identified 1068 individuals ≥18 years who tested positive for ≥1 antibody in the EUROLINE myositis line blot assay or positive for anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) in an ELISA-based test between 2015 and 2020 in 15 out of the 20 hospital districts in Finland. We extracted clinical diagnoses from the Care Register for Health Care between January 2013 and June 2022.

Retrospective multicenter analysis of the Trenza Embolization Device for endovascular therapy of intracranial aneurysms: initial results and short-term follow-up.

Background: Intrasaccular devices are increasingly used in endovascular therapy of intracranial aneurysms, in particular wide-necked and ruptured aneurysms. The Trenza Embolization Device (TED) is an innovative intrasaccular device for medium- to large-sized aneurysms. Currently, literature about the TED is scarce.

Wild recognition: conducting the mark test for mirror self-recognition on wild baboons.

The distribution of self-awareness across species is important to understand, not only as a matter of scientific interest but also because of its implications for the ethical standing of non-human animals. The prevailing methodology for determining self-awareness is to test for visual self-recognition using mirror-image stimulation and a 'mark test'. However, most studies have involved very small sample sizes, omitted a control condition and been conducted on captive animals.

Differences in the distribution of steroids in sterol-containing liposomes: A study by liposome electrokinetic chromatography.

This study was conducted to investigate possible differences in the interactions of some selected steroids based on their distribution coefficients with cholesterol- or ergosterol-rich liposomes. Structurally cholesterol and ergosterol have very close resemblance to each other and generally it is thought that they behave in a similar manner. In this work we will show that this is not the case.

Disitamab vedotin in preclinical models of HER2-positive breast and gastric cancers resistant to trastuzumab emtansine and trastuzumab deruxtecan.

Background: Most HER2-positive breast or gastric cancers eventually become resistant to the approved anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) and trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd). Disitamab vedotin (DV) is a novel anti-HER2 ADC that binds to a different epitope on HER2 compared to trastuzumab. We assessed the efficacy of DV in breast and gastric cancer cell lines and xenografts, including tumor models resistant to T-DM1 and T-DXd.

Evaluating quick return restrictions on sickness absence in healthcare employees: A difference-in-differences study.

Background: Short intervals between shifts, known as quick returns, have been linked to adverse health effects, and increased risk of occupational accidents, particularly among healthcare employees. To safeguard employee health, the 2020 reform of Working Time Act in Finland limited rest periods under 11 h in irregular shift work.

Objective: To evaluate the changes in quick returns following the 2020 reform of the Working Time Act in Finland and their association with sickness absence among public healthcare employees.

Influence of a handheld X-ray unit in the diagnosis of proximal caries lesions using different digital systems.

Objectives: To assess the influence of a handheld X-ray unit in the diagnosis of proximal caries lesions using different digital systems by comparing with a wall-mounted unit.

Methods: Radiographs of 40 human teeth were acquired using the Eagle X-ray handheld unit (Alliage, São Paulo, Brazil) set at 2.5 mA, 60 kVp and an exposure time of 0.

Comparison of background characteristics and neuropathology findings between medico-legal autopsy cases with traumatic axonal injury, vascular axonal injury, or absence of axonal injury in β-amyloid precursor protein stain.

In forensic neuropathology, the β-amyloid precursor protein (β-APP) immunostain is used to diagnose axonal injury (AI). The two most common aetiologies are traumatic (TAI) and ischaemic (vascular; VAI). We aimed to identify background characteristics and neuropathology findings that are suggestive of TAI, VAI, or no AI in neuropathologically examined medico-legal autopsy cases.

Effectiveness of Isotretinoin Administration in Rhinoplasty: A Systematic Review.

To investigate the effectiveness of isotretinoin use in patients with thick nasal skin to improve rhinoplasty outcomes. The Population Intervention Comparison Outcome framework was utilized for selecting relevant studies for review. The databases of Medline, Embase, Cinahl, Central, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched in June 2024.

Enhanced superhydrophobic robustness of black silicon employing nanojungle structures.

Superhydrophobic surfaces are essential in various industries such as textiles, aviation, electronics and biomedical devices due to their exceptional water-repellent properties. Black silicon (b-Si) would be an ideal candidate for some applications due to its nanoscale topography made with a convenient lithography-free step and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible fabrication process. However, its use is hindered by serious issues with mechanical robustness.

Postdoc publications and citations link to academic retention and faculty success.

Postdoctoral training is a career stage often described as a demanding and anxiety-laden time when many promising PhDs see their academic dreams slip away due to circumstances beyond their control. We use a unique dataset of academic publishing and careers to chart the more or less successful postdoctoral paths. We build a measure of academic success on the citation patterns two to five years into a faculty career.

Music moves: Ettlingen dementia study - a pragmatic randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: Due to the limited effectiveness of pharmacological treatment, there is a growing need to explore non-pharmacological psychosocial interventions such as music therapy when treating the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD).

Method: We randomised 57 nursing home residents into individual active music therapy plus standard care (aMT), individual receptive music therapy with tactile sound vibration plus standard care (rMT), or the standard care control group (CG). A trained music therapist provided 12 sessions over 6 weeks.

Sleep-disordered breathing and cardiometabolic and inflammatory markers in children with overweight/obesity: The role of cardiorespiratory fitness.

Objectives: To investigate the association of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) severity with cardiometabolic and inflammatory markers independently of the adiposity levels; and to explore the role of cardiorespiratory fitness in these associations in children with overweight/obesity.

Methods: A total of 109 children aged 8-11 years with overweight/obesity were included in this cross-sectional study. SDB was assessed using a scale of the reduce version of the Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire.

A systematic review of current national hospital-based stroke registries monitoring access to evidence-based care and patient outcomes.

Background: National stroke clinical quality registries/audits support improvements in stroke care. In a 2016 systematic review, 28 registries were identified. Since 2016 there have been important advances in stroke care, including the development of thrombectomy services.

Integrated Network Pharmacology, Machine Learning and Experimental Validation to Identify the Key Targets and Compounds of for the Treatment of Breast Cancer.

Background: TiaoShenGongJian (TSGJ) decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine for breast cancer, has unknown active compounds, targets, and mechanisms. This study identifies TSGJ's key targets and compounds for breast cancer treatment through network pharmacology, machine learning, and experimental validation.

Methods: Bioactive components and targets of TSGJ were identified from the TCMSP database, and breast cancer-related targets from GeneCards, PharmGkb, and RNA-seq datasets.

Diagnostic and prognostic performance of urine ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 across multiple acute brain injury types - A longitudinal prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) is recognized as a diagnostic and prognostic blood biomarker for traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study aimed to evaluate whether UCH-L1 concentrations measured in patients' urine post-injury could serve as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for outcomes in various types of acute brain injuries (ABI).

Material And Methods: This pilot study included 46 ABI patients: aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (n = 22), ischemic stroke (n = 16), and traumatic brain injury (n = 8), along with three healthy controls.

Putting Nose into Reproduction: Influence of Nasal and Reproductive Odourant Signaling on Male Reproduction.

Odourant receptors (ORs) are not restricted only to the nose, but also occur in many other organs and tissues, including the reproductive system. In fact, ORs are the most heavily expressed in testis than in any other extra-nasal tissue. Accumulating evidence suggests that olfactory and reproductive systems are both structurally and functionally linked and that these interconnections can influence various aspects of reproduction.

Structure and metabolic function of spatiotemporal pit mud microbiome.

Background: Pit mud (PM) hosts diverse microbial communities, which serve as a medium to impart flavor and quality to Baijiu and exhibit long-term tolerance to ethanol and acids, resulting in a unique ecosystem. However, the ecology and metabolic functions of PM remain poorly understood, as many taxa in PM represent largely novel lineages. In this study, we used a combination of metagenomic analysis and chemical derivatization LC-MS analysis to provide a comprehensive overview of microbial community structure, metabolic function, phylogeny, horizontal gene transfer, and the relationship with carboxyl compounds in spatiotemporal PM samples.

Referring psychiatric patients to occupational health services for earlier return to work - a qualitative implementation study of barriers and facilitators.

Background: Mental disorders are a major public health challenge, and their prevalence is globally increasing. They substantially affect work ability, quality of life, and the number of years of disability. A new model for referring psychiatric patients to occupational health services (OHS) aims to improve the continuity of care and to promote the early return to work (RTW) of workers with diagnosed mental health conditions.

Perceptions and barriers to the use and training of point-of-care ultrasound among Finnish emergency physicians - a nationwide survey.

Background: Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) has become integral to emergency medicine (EM) as a critical diagnostic support tool. In Finland, where EM was formally recognised as a specialty as recently as in 2013, a historical lack of systematic training for POCUS has existed. Such training has largely depended on individual initiative rather than a standardised program while many other areas of EM training have already seen the introduction of structured education.

International expert consensus on micronutrient supplement use during the early life course.

Background: Growing evidence demonstrates that maternal nutrition is crucial for the health of the mother-to-be, and early life course of the offspring. However, for most micronutrients, guidelines are inconsistent. This Delphi study aimed to investigate the level of expert consensus on maternal nutrition and micronutrient needs during preconception, pregnancy and lactation.