CARDIOGENIC SHOCK AND GLOBUS PALLIDUS INJURY AS A PRESENTATION OF CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING.

Carbon monoxide poisoning is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity by poisoning in the world. Signs and symptoms are nonspecific and related to impaired oxygen delivery to tissues, with the brain being the most affected organ due to its high oxygen demand. CO-Hb is a poor indicator of severity and long-term outcome, with clinicians relying more on clinical features such as level of consciousness and need for intubation, organ dysfunction and shock and also pH level.

What have we learned on pre, very early, and early systemic sclerosis microcirculatory pathophysiology? A scoping review.

Objective: Microvascular dysfunction is an early event in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). The objective of this scoping review is to update the current information and the level of knowledge about the mechanisms of microvascular dysfunction in pre-SSc, very early diagnosis of SSc (VEDOSS) and early SSc.

Methods: A PubMed® database search allowed us to include original data from full-length articles in English in which the main topic was microvascular dysfunction in pre-SSC, VEDOSS or early SSc.

Referral for liver transplant following acute variceal bleeding: a multicenter cohort study.

Objectives: Referral for liver transplant (LT) following acute variceal bleeding (AVB) varies widely. We aimed to characterize and assess its impact on clinical outcomes.

Methods: Observational retrospective cohort including cirrhosis patients with AVB from 3 hospitals in Lisbon, Portugal, from 2018 to 2019.

Central and mixed apneas in children with obstructive sleep apnea: effect of adenotonsillectomy.

Purpose: Investigate the effect of adenotonsillectomy on mixed apnea index (MAI) and central apnea index (CAI) in children with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).

Methods: Observational retrospective analysis of polysomnographic data in children diagnosed with moderate-to-severe OSAS and without comorbidity, submitted to adenotonsillectomy.

Results: Data were available for 80 children, 55 boys and 25 girls, with a median age of 3.

Vitamin B Supplementation for Optic Neuropathies: A Comprehensive Review.

Optic neuropathies, such as glaucoma, are some of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. There has been a lot of research for potential therapies that could attenuate and even reduce the impact of the pathological pathways that lead to the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). In recent years, vitamin B (nicotinamide) has gained some interest as a viable option for these neurodegenerative diseases due to its fundamental role in enhancing the mitochondria metabolism of the RGCs.

A new approach for single-haptic retropupillary iris-claw lens subluxation - The "fencing" technique.

Introduction: Single-haptic iris-claw intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation is not an uncommon complication. A few different surgical techniques are available for its refixation but usually involve a more invasive approach. We aim to demonstrate an original and simple approach for refixation of single haptic retropupillary iris-claw IOL subluxations.

Anticoagulation with edoxaban in patients with long atrial high-rate episodes ≥24 h.

Background And Aims: Patients with long atrial high-rate episodes (AHREs) ≥24 h and stroke risk factors are often treated with anticoagulation for stroke prevention. Anticoagulation has never been compared with no anticoagulation in these patients.

Methods: This secondary pre-specified analysis of the Non-vitamin K antagonist Oral anticoagulants in patients with Atrial High-rate episodes (NOAH-AFNET 6) trial examined interactions between AHRE duration at baseline and anticoagulation with edoxaban compared with placebo in patients with AHRE and stroke risk factors.

Narrow Band Imaging versus White Light for the Detection of Sessile Serrated Colorectal Lesions: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer. The detection of pre-malignant lesions by colonoscopy is associated with reduced CRC incidence and mortality. Narrow band imaging has shown promising but conflicting results for the detection of serrated lesions.

Anticoagulation with Edoxaban in Patients with Atrial High-Rate Episodes.

Background: Device-detected atrial high-rate episodes (AHREs) are atrial arrhythmias detected by implanted cardiac devices. AHREs resemble atrial fibrillation but are rare and brief. Whether the occurrence of AHREs in patients without atrial fibrillation (as documented on a conventional electrocardiogram [ECG]) justifies the initiation of anticoagulants is not known.

Surgical treatment for obstructive sleep apnea: effect on sleep architecture.

Purpose: Investigate the effect of surgical treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) on sleep architecture.

Methods: Observational retrospective analysis of polysomnographic data of adults diagnosed with OSA, submitted to surgical treatment. Median (25-75th percentile) was used to present the data.

Clinical Outcomes of Micropulse Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation: 2 Years of Experience in Portuguese Eyes.

Aim: This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MPTSCPC) in glaucoma patients, with standard parameters, over a 24-month period.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 61 eyes undergoing MPTSCPC from January 2018 to December 2020 was carried out. Patients received 160 seconds of laser, with settings of 2000 mW/cm and a duty cycle of 31.

Side-Viewing Duodenoscope versus Forward-Viewing Gastroscope for Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Billroth II Gastrectomy Patients.

Introduction: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with Billroth II gastrectomy is still a challenging procedure. The optimal approach, namely the type of endoscope and sphincter management, has yet to be defined.

Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of forward-viewing gastroscope and the side-viewing duodenoscope in ERCP of patients with Billroth II gastrectomy.

Use of Amniotic Membrane in MMC-Augmented Trabeculectomy: A Retrospective Comparative Study.

Purpose: Amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) has shown promising results as an antifibrotic agent in trabeculectomy. We aimed to evaluate the additional effect of AMT in MMC-augmented trabeculectomy.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the results of the first 12 postoperative months of glaucomatous eyes submitted to Moorfields Safer Surgery Trabeculectomy with MMC alone (non-AMT group) compared to MMC and AMT (AMT group).

Needle knife fistulotomy in flat and diverticular papillae: Is it time for redemption?

Background: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) recommends needle-knife fistulotomy (NKF) as the preferred precut technique in cases when standard cannulation techniques fail. Despite scarce scientific evidence, flat and diverticular papillae are thought not to be ideal for NKF, as they are associated with poor outcomes. The present study aimed to determine the outcomes of the use of NKF in relation to flat and intradiverticular papillae.

The role of the Notch pathway in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis: clinical implications.

Introduction: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic debilitating disease characterized by vascular insufficiency, widespread fibrosis and immune activation. Current understanding of its pathophysiology remains incomplete, which translates into inefficient therapies. Notch signaling is a central player in the development of physiological and pathological fibrosis not only in general but also in the context of SSc and is most likely involved in the vascular dysfunction that characterizes the disease.

Inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers as predictors of non-resectability and early recurrence in pancreatic and periampullary cancer.

Background: Some pancreatic tumors considered resectable on the preoperative staging are unresectable during surgical exploration. Moreover, some patients subjected to tumor resection have an early recurrence.

Methods: Patients with pancreatic or periampullary carcinoma diagnosed between January 2005 and August 2017 at the Prof.