Evaluation of H1-Antihistamine as Potential Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase: Repurposing Study of COVID-19 Therapy.

Introduction: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), from the family Coronaviridae, is the seventh known coronavirus to infect humans and cause acute respiratory syndrome. Although vaccination efforts have been conducted against this virus, which emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and has spread rapidly around the world, the lack of an Food and Drug Administration-approved antiviral agent has made drug repurposing an important approach for emergency response during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of H1-antihistamines as antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase enzyme.

Influence of Formulation Composition on the Characteristic Properties of 5-fluorouracil-loaded Liposomes.

Objectives: Variations in the types and quantities of excipients used to prepare liposomes can affect the physicochemical properties of liposome formulations. This study aimed to provide information about the design and fabrication of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-loaded liposome formulations using different lipid and cholesterol (CHOL) derivatives.

Materials And Methods: Passive loading via a small-volume incubation method was used to prepare liposomes.

Isolation of the Major Compounds and Determination of Biological Activities in the Underground Parts of D.Don.

Objectives: D.Don, an edible plant, is widely used in folk medicine. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and lipase inhibitory activities of the extracts and isolated compounds from the underground parts of (TOU).

Protective Effects of Rosmarinic Acid and Epigallocatechin Gallate Against Doxorubicin-Induced Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity in CHO-K1 Cells.

Objectives: The chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) affects not only cancer cells but also healthy cells in an undesirable manner. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective roles of rosmarinic acid (RA) and Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) alone and in combination against DOX-induced oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity in healthy cells. In addition, this study evaluated the expression of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein in the Chinese hamster ovary cell line (CHO-K1).

Initial Empirical Antibiotic Treatment in Patients with COVID-19 is Associated with Excess Adverse Drug Reactions without Clinical Benefit.

Objectives: Empirical antibiotic use is common among hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia because it is difficult to differentiate it from concurrent bacterial pneumonia. The aim of this study was to determine risk factors for concurrent bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (b-CAP) and the need for initial empirical antibiotic coverage in patients with pulmonary involvement caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Materials And Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary university hospital between March 2020 and April 2021.

Validity and Utility of a Risk Prediction Model for Wound Infection After Lower Third Molar Surgery.

Objectives: To externally validate a clinical prediction model for surgical site infection (SSI) after lower third molar (L3M) surgery and evaluate its clinical usefulness.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent L3M surgery at Hokkaido University Hospital. The study was designed to evaluate the historical and methodological transportability.

Exploration of factors affecting denosumab-induced hypocalcemia in male patients with osteoporosis using a hospital-based administrative claims database.

Objectives: Factors affecting denosumab-induced hypocalcemia in male patients with osteoporosis remain unclear because of the small patient population. Nevertheless, it is important to explore male-specific risk factors. This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the development of denosumab-induced hypocalcemia in male patients with osteoporosis and compare them with those in female patients with osteoporosis.

Comprehensive Analysis of Elemental and Metabolite Composition in Boraginaceae Species from Türkiye.

Boraginaceae plants, including four endemic species from Türkiye, were analyzed for organic and inorganic compositions using ICP-MS and LC-MS/MS to explore their nutritional, medicinal, and ecological significance. This study examined 18 species, identifying key elements such as sodium (87,600.359-118,049.

[Effect of Concomitant Metformin Use on Hematologic Adverse Events in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Undergoing Pemetrexed-Based Chemotherapy: A Study Using a Japanese Claims Database].

Pemetrexed is a folate analog inhibitor for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Prophylactic supplementation with vitamin B and folic acid reduces hematotoxicity associated with pemetrexed. Metformin, the antidiabetic agent, has been associated with the potential side effect of vitamin B deficiency.

Vertebral artery dissection in a patient with migraine treated with calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibody: a case report and FAERS database analysis.

Background: Migraine is associated with cervical artery dissection (CeAD). Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a multifunctional neuropeptide with vasodilatory effects. The use of anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies (CGRP mAb) may affect cerebrovascular disease risk; however, no reports have associated CGRP mAb with CeAD.

[Examination of Capsule Genotypes, Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiles and Biofilm Forming Abilities of Group B Streptococcus Isolates Isolated from Pregnant Women].

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) or Streptococcus agalactiae is a pathogen that causes infections during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibiotic sensitivity profiles, capsule genotypes and biofilm forming capabilities of GBS isolates obtained from pregnant women . The study included 252 pregnant women who applied to Adana Gynecology and Children's Hospital between 2018 and 2023.

Unlocking the Potential of Carrier Mediated Nano-biomedicine in Management of Diabetes Mellitus: A review.

Diabetes is a medical condition, which belongs to the group of chronic diseases that affects how body processes glucose, the primary source of energy for cells. Glucose comes indirectly from the consumed food  and is carried by bloodstream to various cells in body. Insulin, a hormone synthesized by pancreas play a vital role in conversion of glucose to energy.

Treatment success prediction in patients with methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci infections, using vancomycin AUC24/MIC ratio: a multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Background: Although vancomycin is commonly used to treat methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) infections, there are no clear guidelines for the optimal 24 h AUC24/MIC ratio. This study aimed to determine the target AUC24/MIC ratio associated with vancomycin-treated MRCoNS infection outcomes.

Methods: This multicentre retrospective cohort study included adult patients who received vancomycin for ≥5 days for bloodstream infections caused by MRCoNS between January 2018 and December 2023.

Simulated achievement rate of β-lactams/nacubactam treatment in humans using instantaneous MIC-based PK/PD analysis.

Background: Nacubactam (NAC), a new diazabicyclooctane β-lactamase inhibitor, is being developed for use together with aztreonam (AZT) and cefepime (CFPM). However, the effective clinical dosages of AZT/NAC and CFPM/NAC have not yet been established. We have previously shown that free time above instantaneous MIC (fT > MICi) is a valuable pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic parameter for β-lactam (BL)/NAC in a mouse thigh infection model.

Protective Effects of Oxyresveratrol in IsoproterenolInduced Myocardial Infarction in Rats: A Stereological Study.

The aim of this study is to examine the protective effect of oxyresveratrol (OXY) against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats, through routine biochemical parameters and oxidative stress parameters that show heart damage. Oxyresveratrol was administered by oral gavage at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg, respectively, once a day for 5 days. On the fourth and fifth days, 180 mg/kg isoproterenol was administered intraperitoneally to the OXY treatment group and control groups.

The Role of Pectin Hydrogel Systems Plus Iodine and Phyto Extract in Second-Degree Burn in Rats.

Skin injuries, such as burns, can result in an open wound that can lead to the deterioration of the skin, which acts as a protective barrier against external agents, and can cause serious health problems. Pectin, a plant-derived polysaccharide, is a suitable candidate for wound care due to its gel-forming ability and biocompatibility. Pectin absorbs wound exudates to form a soft gel and is known for its strong anti-inflammatory efects.

Dodder ( sp.) extract prevents cognitive deficits in a rat model of hepatic encephalopathy.

Objective: In our study, the protective effect of dodder plant extract against encephalopathy induced by cholestatic liver disease model was investigated.

Methods: Spraque Dawley rats were used in the study. For the cholestatic liver disease model, the bile duct ligation (BDL) was applied.

Targeting the PANoptosome Using Necrostatin-1 Reduces PANoptosis and Protects the Kidney Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Model of Controlled Experimental Nonheart-Beating Donor.

Purpose: Reducing renal ischemia is crucial for the function and survival of grafts from nonheartbeat donors, as it leads to inflammatory responses and tubulointerstitial damage. The primary concern with organs from nonheartbeat donors is the long warm ischemia period and reperfusion injury following renal transplantation. This study had two main goals; one goal is to determine how Necrostatin-1 targeting the PANoptosome affects PANoptosis in the nonheart-beating donor rat model.

Exploring the factors associated with difficulties in extracting tablets or capsules from press-through-package sheets.

Exploring factors related to difficulties in extracting tablets or capsules from press-through-packages is essential for optimizing the dosage form. To achieve this, the involvement of patient insight is important. In the present study, the preferences of patients regarding drugs that are difficult to extract from their packaging were collected using an electronic medication notebook ('harmo®') based on dispensing data.

Circulating serum miRNAs predict response to platinum chemotherapy in high-grade serous ovarian cancer.

Background: Platinum chemotherapy is the cornerstone of treatment for high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC); however, validated biomarkers that can accurately predict platinum response are lacking. Based on their roles in the underlying pathophysiology, circulating microRNAs are potential, noninvasive biomarkers in cancer. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the circulating miRNA profiles of patients with HGSOC and to assess their potential utility as biomarkers to predict platinum response.

Oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition via activation of KRAS/ERK/NF-κB pathway in KRAS-mutated colon cancer cells.

Oxaliplatin (L-OHP) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) are used to treat colon cancer; however, resistance contributes to poor prognosis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been induced in tumor tissues after administration of anticancer drugs and may be involved in drug resistance. We investigated the mechanism of EMT induction in colon cancer cells treated with 5-FU and L-OHP.

Evaluation of a Synthetic Polyethyleneimine Based Polymeric Vector for Gene Delivery to MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells.

Objectives: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women and the second most common cause of death after lung cancer. The inhibitor of growth (ING) transcript levels are often suppressed in cancer cells, making it a promising candidate for cancer therapy. In this study, we aimed to formulate a polyplex that effectively carries and delivers pING4 to breast cancer cells.

Formulation and Evaluation of Triamcinolone Acetonide-Loaded Oral Disintegrated Film with Different Polymers Solvent Casting Method.

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the effect of different polymers and plasticizers on oral disintegrating films (ODFs) containing triamcinolone acetonide (TA), a glucocorticosteroid indicated for the treatment of oral wounds.

Materials And Methods: Thirteen different formulations with the same amount of polymer and plasticizer were prepared by solvent casting. Briefly, the solutions containing polymer, plasticizer, and other ingredients were poured into Petri dishes and kept at room temperature for 20 hours to obtain ODFs.