51,968 results match your criteria: "Feinberg School of Medicine; Chicago[Affiliation]"

Co-occurring substance use disorders are common in medical settings, yet limited literature exists on concomitant pharmacological management. We present a case where low-dose buprenorphine induction (LDBI) and rapid phenobarbital taper were performed concurrently in a hospital setting to manage co-occurring opioid dependence (on chronic methadone maintenance therapy) and benzodiazepine dependence (prescribed alprazolam). The simultaneous management was well-tolerated and completed with minimal complications, successfully enabling candidacy for the patient's preferred disposition.

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) increasingly affects aged individuals, where functional impairment and mortality are highest. However, the aging-dependent mechanisms underpinning tissue damage remain elusive. Here, we find that natural killer-like T (NKLT) cells seed the intact aged human and murine spinal cord and multiply further after injury.

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Genomic and phenotypic correlates of mosaic loss of chromosome Y in blood.

Am J Hum Genet

January 2025

Division of Biostatistics, Data Science Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. Electronic address:

Mosaic loss of Y (mLOY) is the most common somatic chromosomal alteration detected in human blood. The presence of mLOY is associated with altered blood cell counts and increased risk of Alzheimer disease, solid tumors, and other age-related diseases. We sought to gain a better understanding of genetic drivers and associated phenotypes of mLOY through analyses of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of a large set of genetically diverse males from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program.

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Decoding speech intent from non-frontal cortical areas.

J Neural Eng

January 2025

Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 320 East Superior St, Chicago, IL 60611, USA, Chicago, Illinois, 60611, UNITED STATES.

Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) have advanced greatly in decoding speech signals originating from the speech motor cortices. Primarily, these BMIs target individuals with intact speech motor cortices but who are paralyzed by disrupted connections between frontal cortices and their articulators due to brainstem stroke or motor neuron diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A few studies have shown some information outside the speech motor cortices, such as in parietal and temporal lobes, that also may be useful for BMIs.

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Although social determinants of health (SDoH) investigations have shown limited analyses of socioeconomic and race-ethnic status on certain hematologic malignancies, the impact of factors beyond those across a fuller scope of hematologic cancers remains unknown. The Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), a tool for assessing varied US-census derived sociodemographic factors, allows the specific quantification of SDoH in dynamic, regional contexts for their associations with hematologic-malignancy inequities. To assess the summative influence of varied SDoH-factors on hematologic malignancy outcomes and discern which SDoH-factors contributed the largest associations towards disparities 796,005 adults with hematologic malignancies between 1975-2017 were identified for this retrospective cohort study.

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Background And Objectives: Vertebral artery injury (VAI) because of traumatic subaxial cervical spine injury is a rare but potentially devastating condition as it could lead to stroke. The aim of this study was to examine the incidence, risk factors, outcomes, and radiographic predictors of VAI in patients surgically treated for subaxial cervical spine injuries at a tertiary care trauma center.

Methods: This is a retrospective population-based cohort study, including all patients surgically treated for traumatic subaxial cervical spine injuries at the study center between 2006 and 2018.

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Background: Walking speed is a measure of functional mobility that is relatively easy to quantify. In people with lower limb amputation, reduced walking speed has been linked with specific atypical spatiotemporal gait parameters. However, the influence of atypical spatiotemporal gait parameters on the walking speed of people with unilateral transtibial amputation (TTA) and transfemoral amputation (TFA) remains unclear.

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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is projected to be the second leading cause of cancer-related death by 2030. Early identification is rare, with a 5-year overall survival (OS) of less than 10%. Advances in the understanding of PDAC tumor biology are needed to improve these outcomes.

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Home Health Care Research for Children With Disability and Medical Complexity.

Pediatrics

January 2025

Complex Care, Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Pediatric home health care represents a vital system of care for children with disability and medical complexity, encompassing services provided by family caregivers and nonfamily home health care providers and the use of durable medical equipment and supplies. Home health care is medically necessary for the physiologic health of children with disability and medical complexity and for their participation and function within home, school, and community settings. While the study of pediatric home health care in the United States has increased in the last decade, its research remains primarily methodologically limited to observational studies.

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County-Level Social Determinants of Health and Coronary Heart Disease: An Ecological Analysis of US Adults.

Mayo Clin Proc

January 2025

Veterans Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

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Background: Despite advances in our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of meningioma progression and innovations in systemic and local treatments, recurrent meningiomas remain a substantial therapeutic challenge. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to provide a historical baseline, contemporary analysis, and propose a "rate of probable interest" to inform future clinical trial design and development on behalf of the RANO meningioma group.

Methods: PubMed, ClinicalTrials.

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Determinants of Racial and Ethnic Differences in Maternal Cardiovascular Health in Early Pregnancy.

Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes

January 2025

Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. (N.A.C., X.H., L.C.P., H.N., N.S.S., A.M.P., P.G., D.M.L.-J., K.N.K., S.S.K.).

Background: Suboptimal cardiovascular health (CVH) in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and offspring outcomes. To guide public health efforts to reduce disparities in maternal CVH, we determined the contribution of individual- and neighborhood-level factors to racial and ethnic differences in early pregnancy CVH.

Methods: We included nulliparous individuals with singleton pregnancies who self-identified as Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black (NHB), or non-Hispanic White (NHW) and participated in the nuMoM2b cohort study (Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-Be).

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Introduction: Deficits in decision-making (DM) can lead to adverse outcomes across multiple domains such as financial management and medical care. By hindering such DM abilities, cognitive impairment (CI) often affects quality of life. Routine screening for CI, however, does not include systematic and comprehensive assessment of DM ability.

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Background And Objectives: IO has transformed cancer management, but its adoption in advanced cancer patients varies by tumor type. With more Stage IV patients undergoing surgery, understanding site-specific outcomes in these challenging patients is essential. We aimed to evaluate IO use and survival trends for Stage IV cancer patients across high-incidence cancers in the US.

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Nutritional epidemiology aims to link dietary exposures to chronic disease, but the instruments for evaluating dietary intake are inaccurate. One way to identify unreliable data and the sources of errors is to compare estimated intakes with the total energy expenditure (TEE). In this study, we used the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water Database to derive a predictive equation for TEE using 6,497 measures of TEE in individuals aged 4 to 96 years.

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Background: In adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD), abnormal left atrial reservoir strain (LASr) is an early, yet clinically significant, indicator of myocardial dysfunction. However, left atrial mechanics are understudied in youth with CKD. The objective of this study was to assess left atrial strain function in youth with CKD and similarly aged, healthy controls.

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Robust collection and processing for label-free single voxel proteomics.

Nat Commun

January 2025

Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA.

With advanced mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics, genome-scale proteome coverage can be achieved from bulk tissues. However, such bulk measurement lacks spatial resolution and obscures tissue heterogeneity, precluding proteome mapping of tissue microenvironment. Here we report an integrated wet collection of single microscale tissue voxels and Surfactant-assisted One-Pot voxel processing method termed wcSOP for robust label-free single voxel proteomics.

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Slow Down Fluids to Speed Up the Intestine - Exploring Postoperative Ileus in Pediatric Gastrointestinal Surgery.

J Pediatr Surg

January 2025

Northwestern Quality Improvement, Research & Education in Surgery (NQUIRES), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, USA.

Introduction: Postoperative ileus is a known complication of gastrointestinal (GI) surgery. In adult populations, ileus is associated with higher amounts of intraoperative intravenous (IV) fluids. This study examines the relationship between intraoperative IV fluids and postoperative ileus in pediatric patients undergoing GI surgery.

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Military sexual trauma (MST) refers to sexual assault or harassment experienced during military service. Given the high prevalence of MST and negative mental and physical health outcomes that result from MST, Veterans Health Administration has identified a national priority for screening and treatment. An understanding of socioecological contexts of Veterans who seek mental health treatment to address difficulties following MST will support a holistic approach to care.

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Importance: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a life-threatening complication of COVID-19 infection. Data on midterm outcomes are limited.

Objective: To characterize the frequency and time course of cardiac dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] <55%), coronary artery aneurysms (z score ≥2.

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Parenting Practices and Well-Being and Health Behaviors Among Young Asian American Children.

JAMA Netw Open

January 2025

Buehler Center for Health Policy and Economics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.

Importance: Literature suggests that well-being and health status differ by generational status among Asian American individuals.

Objective: To compare young children's well-being and health behaviors and their parents' parenting practices among families of second-generation Asian American, third- or later-generation Asian American, and third- or later-generation non-Hispanic White children in the US.

Design, Setting, And Participants: For this survey study, secondary data analysis was conducted from September 2, 2023, to June 19, 2024, using data from the 2018 to 2022 National Survey of Children's Health participants aged 6 months to 5 years.

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People who are higher in conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness and lower in neuroticism tend to live longer. The present research tested the hypothesis that personality trait change in middle and older adulthood would also be associated with mortality risk, above and beyond personality trait level. Personality trait change may causally influence mortality risk through corresponding changes in health behaviors, social processes, and stress experience.

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East Asia and the Pacific Surveillance Metrics and History of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Updated Epidemiological Assessment.

JMIR Public Health Surveill

January 2025

Buehler Center for Health Policy and Economics, Robert J. Havey, MD Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University, 420 E. Superior, Chicago, US.

Background: This study updates the COVID-19 pandemic surveillance in East Asia and the Pacific we first conducted in 2020 with two additional years of data for the region.

Objective: First, we measure whether there was an expansion or contraction of the pandemic in East Asia and the Pacific region when the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the end of the COVID-19 public health emergency of international concern on May 5, 2023. Second, we use dynamic and genomic surveillance methods to describe the dynamic history of the pandemic in the region and situate the window of the WHO declaration within the broader history.

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Context: Available diabetes risk calculators were developed for able-bodied individuals, but their metabolic profile is different from individuals with spinal cord injury.

Objectives: We aimed to develop a diabetes risk assessment tool specific to individuals with spinal cord injury.

Methods: We used national Veterans Affairs data to identify patients with at least a 2-year history of spinal cord injury and no prior history of diabetes with a Veterans Heath Affairs visit from 2005-2007, and followed the 11,054 individuals that met inclusion criteria for up to 17 years to assess diabetes development.

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