Assessment of disease impact through health-related quality of life measurement in primary progressive aphasia.

Introduction: Measurements of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are important for capturing disease impact beyond physical health and relative to other diseases but have rarely been assessed in primary progressive aphasia (PPA).

Methods: HRQoL was characterized overall, by sex and subtype in PPA ( = 118) using the Health Utilities Index-2/3 (HUI2/3). Multiple linear regression assessed associations between HRQoL and language severity.

A trial of radiolabeled antibody yttrium-90-FF-21101 for the treatment of advanced ovarian and other cancers.

Background: Yttrium-90 FF-21101 (Y-FF-21101) is a radiopharmaceutical that targets P-cadherin as a therapy against solid tumors. A previously reported, first-in-human study determined that a dose of 25 mCi/m was safe, and a patient with clear cell carcinoma of the ovary achieved a complete response. In this article, the authors report the results of Y-FF-21101 treatment in an ovarian carcinoma expansion cohort and in patients with selected solid tumors who had known high P-cadherin expression.

Where Are All the Clinical Trials for Chronic Rejection?

Chronic rejection is arguably the main obstacle to long-term graft survival. Yet, clinical trials focusing on this condition are disappointingly scarce. Significant advances in treating chronic rejection cannot happen if there is no conduit for testing novel therapies.

Standardized workflow for multiplexed charge detection mass spectrometry on orbitrap analyzers.

Individual ion mass spectrometry (IMS) is the Orbitrap-based extension of the niche mass spectrometry technique known as charge detection mass spectrometry (CDMS). While traditional CDMS analysis is performed on in-house-built instruments such as the electrostatic linear ion trap, IMS extends CDMS analysis to Orbitrap analyzers, allowing charge detection analysis to be available to the scientific community at large. IMS simultaneously measures the mass-to-charge ratios (m/z) and charges (z) of hundreds to thousands of individual ions within one acquisition event, creating a spectral output directly into the mass domain without the need for further spectral deconvolution.

The impact of common and rare genetic variants on bradyarrhythmia development.

To broaden our understanding of bradyarrhythmias and conduction disease, we performed common variant genome-wide association analyses in up to 1.3 million individuals and rare variant burden testing in 460,000 individuals for sinus node dysfunction (SND), distal conduction disease (DCD) and pacemaker (PM) implantation. We identified 13, 31 and 21 common variant loci for SND, DCD and PM, respectively.

Cell-free biodegradable electroactive scaffold for urinary bladder tissue regeneration.

Tissue engineering heavily relies on cell-seeded scaffolds to support the complex biological and mechanical requirements of a target organ. However, in addition to safety and efficacy, translation of tissue engineering technology will depend on manufacturability, affordability, and ease of adoption. Therefore, there is a need to develop scalable biomaterial scaffolds with sufficient bioactivity to eliminate the need for exogenous cell seeding.

Prevalence of indications of alcohol and drug use among patients treated for injurious falls by Emergency Medical Services in the USA.

Objective: The association between alcohol consumption and increased injuries from falls is well established, but there is a lack of data on the prevalence of substance use by fall type. This study aims to describe the distribution of alcohol and drug involvement in injurious falls.

Methods: Using the 2019 National Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Information System data set, we identified 1 854 909 patients injured from falls requiring an EMS response and determined the fall location (eg, indoors or on street/sidewalk).

Bacillus subtilis-derived-exopolysaccharide halts depigmentation and autoimmunity in vitiligo.

Vitiligo has a complex multifactorial etiology involving a T-cell mediated autoimmune response to cutaneous melanocytes. Microbial dysbiosis has been assigned a contributing role in vitiligo etiology. Treating vitiligo can be a challenging task and finding novel treatment approaches is crucial.

Performing a Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Multicenter retrospective studies can provide a pragmatic approach to evaluating uncommon pediatric conditions and are less expensive than prospective research. A well-executed retrospective multicenter study, with rigorous study design, systematic data collection, and robust statistical analysis, can produce clinically important and generalizable findings A variety of observational designs can be employed, including cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies. Selection bias, ascertainment bias, and confounding are common issues in retrospective research.

Nomadic Nanomedicines: Medicines Enabled by the Paracrine Transfer Effect.

In nanomedicine, the cellular export of nanomaterials has been less explored than uptake. Traditionally viewed in a negative light, recent findings highlight the potential of nanomedicine export to enhance therapeutic effects. This Perspective examines key pathways for export and how nanomaterial design affects removal rates.

Physicians-in-training and advanced practice providers perceptions in managing perioperative obstructive sleep apnea: a multi-institutional survey.

Study Objectives: Physicians-in-training (residents, fellows) and Advanced Practice Providers (APPs) receive limited education on sleep disorders, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). They often assess patients first. We aimed to understand their views on OSA and screening for OSA in the perioperative period.

Families of adults with idiopathic hypersomnia and narcolepsy: psychosocial impact and contribution to symptom management.

Study Objectives: This study examined the impact of central disorders of hypersomnolence (CDH) on family members of adult patients, the ways family members assist with managing CDH, and family members' utilization and satisfaction with information and support.

Methods: Participants were adults (N=100) with an adult family member diagnosed with idiopathic hypersomnia or narcolepsy. They completed a survey which included the Family Reported Outcome Measure (FROM-16), checklists, satisfaction ratings, and open-response questions.

Future Training Pathways in Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: Interventional Critical Care, Complex Coronary Interventions, and Interventional Heart Failure.

While there has been a proliferation of training and practice paradigms in the realm of noncoronary interventions, coronary disease remains the predominant pathology necessitating interventional cardiology expertise. The landscape of coronary disease has also experienced a significant transformation due to rapidly evolving technologies, clinical application of mechanical circulatory support and other device innovations, and increasing acuity and complexity of patients. The modern interventional cardiologist is subject to challenges including decreasing coronary procedural volume, need to maintain clinical and financial productivity, and often also requirements of continued scholastic pursuit.

Is 70% Achievable? Hospital-Level Variation in Rates of Cardiac Rehabilitation Use Among Medicare Beneficiaries.

Background: Despite national goals to enroll 70% of cardiac rehabilitation (CR)-eligible patients, enrollment remains low.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate how the treating hospital influences CR enrollment nationally.

Methods: We included Fee-for-Service Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥66 years who were hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass grafting, percutaneous coronary intervention, or heart valve repair/replacement.

Supporting teams with designing for dissemination and sustainability: the design, development, and usability of a digital interactive platform.

Background: Designing for Dissemination and Sustainability (D4DS) principles and methods can support the development of research products (interventions, tools, findings) that match well with the needs and context of the intended audience and setting. D4DS principles and methods are not well-known or used during clinical and public health research; research teams would benefit from applying D4DS. This paper presents the development of a new digital platform for research teams to learn and apply a D4DS process to their work.

Global surgical simulation education, current practices, and future directions.

The traditional apprenticeship model of "see one, do one, teach one" is no longer considered the most effective approach for training surgical trainees. Key factors such as patient safety, increasing trainee numbers, and clinician workload pose significant challenges to surgical training. These pressures have led to the adoption of simulation-based education as an effective adjunct to clinical experience when training future surgeons.