Antioxidant activity, phytochemical composition, and antitumor capacity of Amazonian fruits taperebá (Spondias mombin) and murici (Byrsonima crassifolia).

The Amazon rainforest is renowned for its biodiversity and as a reservoir of edible and medicinal plants. The phytochemicals in murici and taperebá fruits serve as natural antioxidants, contributing to cultural preservation, ecosystem protection, and economic opportunities. However, limited scientific research on their composition and health benefits hinders their recognition as functional foods.

Enhancing the nutritional value of sorghum grains bred for northern Europe through processing: A perspective on phenolic bioaccessibility and protein digestibility.

The effect of dehulling and cooking on the in vitro digestibility, and phenolic profiles was evaluated for four Dutch sorghum varieties (HD7 and HD19, Sorghum bicolor; and HD100 and HD101 Sorghum nigricans) bred in the Netherlands. Protein content ranged from 9 to 14 % and grains with black pericarp were more resistant to dehulling. Essential amino acids composition analysis showed that the lysine chemical score (∼0.

High-Energy Nutrition in Hospitalised Paediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Aims: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a significant cause of growth failure and neonatal mortality worldwide, and requirement-focused nutritional management can deeply impact the prognosis. Despite multiple trials, there is no published meta-analysis on the impact of high-energy nutrition in this population.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Central for RCTs comparing high-energy to standard formulas in hospitalised patients.

Mortality Profile of Deaths Related to Infective Endocarditis in Brazil and Regions: A Population-Based Analysis of Death Records.

Background: Studies of infective endocarditis (IE) are generally limited to institutions, underlining the need for more comprehensive epidemiological research.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the mortality profile of IE-related deaths and related causes in Brazil at the national level and across regions.

Method: We conducted a population-based study using data from the country's mortality information system for the period 2000 to 2019.

Abiotic Factors Modulating Metabolite Composition in Brown Algae (Phaeophyceae): Ecological Impacts and Opportunities for Bioprospecting of Bioactive Compounds.

Brown algae are vital structural elements and contributors to biodiversity in marine ecosystems. These organisms adapt to various environmental challenges by producing primary and secondary metabolites crucial for their survival, defense, and resilience. Besides their ecological role, these diverse metabolites have potential for biotechnological applications in industries including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features for Distinguishing High-Grade From Low-Grade Soft Tissue Sarcoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Soft tissue sarcomas are malignant tumors characterized by heterogeneity and are associated with a high mortality rate. Histopathological grading is considered a pivotal factor in prognostication and treatment planning. While core needle biopsy exhibits high accuracy in determining tumor histology, it fails in some cases, potentially misclassifying high-grade tumors as low-grade.

Genotoxicity analysis of a flame retardant, aluminum diethylphosphinate.

Flame retardants, crucial for fire prevention, are used worldwide, but they are considered to be 'emerging contaminants' and may pose risks to human and environmental health. Aluminum diethyl phosphinate (ALPI) is a halogen-free flame retardant. To evaluate the toxicity of this compound, the following assays were performed: Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity assay; toxicity assays with two endpoints (mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity, plasma membrane integrity); micronucleus assay with human hepatoma cell line HepG2.

Hyperresponsiveness of Corticoid-Resistant Th17/Tc-17 Cells to TLR-2 and TLR-4 Ligands is a Feature of Multiple Sclerosis Patients at Higher Risk of Therapy Failure.

Purpose: The presence of T cells expressing TLR-2 and TLR-4 has been associated with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) pathogenesis. Here, we evaluated whether the effectiveness of DMT in controlling clinical activity of the disease would be associated with modulation of proportion of TLRs T cells.

Patients And Methods: Whole peripheral blood mononuclear cells, purified CD4 and CD8 T cells from RRMS patients were cultured with different stimuli.

Insights on High-Value Procedures From the ISASS 4-Part Webinar Series on Current and Emerging Techniques in Endoscopic Spine Surgery Based on Surgeon Experience.

Background: The authors conducted a comprehensive review and integration of insights from 4 webinars hosted by the International Society for the Advancement of Spine Surgery (ISASS) to arrive at recommendations for best clinical practices for guideline development for endoscopic spine surgery. This perspective article discusses the limitations of traditional surgical trials and amalgamates surgeons' experience and research on various cutting-edge techniques.

Methods: Data were extracted from surveys conducted during each webinar session involving 3639 surgeons globally.

Corneal Layer Thickness Mapping With Optical Coherence Tomography in Different Stages Reveals Pathologic Processes of Keratoconus.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to characterize the corneal layer thickness profile in different stages of keratoconus (KC).

Methods: Patients with clinical or subclinical KC without a history of contact lens use were retrospectively enrolled. We evaluated 164 eyes, including 69 clinical KC, 32 topographic KC (no clinical signs), 22 very asymmetric ectasia with normal topography and no clinical signs of ectasia (VAE-NT), and 41 control eyes.

Bio-Guided Extraction of a Phenolic-Rich Extract from Industrial Peanut Skin with Antioxidant and Hypotensive Potential.

Peanut composition includes phenolic compounds, especially in the skins, which are often not consumed. High blood pressure affects more than one billion people worldwide and is considered a high-risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Several studies have correlated antihypertensive activity with the total phenolic content present in the plants.

Impact of Genetic Testing on the Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a hereditary cardiovascular condition marked by heart muscle thickening, fibrosis, and myocardial disorders. It is often inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Symptoms include dyspnea, fatigue, palpitations, dizziness, syncope, and an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD).

Sportomics Analyses of the Exercise-Induced Impact on Amino Acid Metabolism and Acute-Phase Protein Kinetics in Female Olympic Athletes.

Background: Exercise can be used as a model to understand immunometabolism. Biological data on elite athletes are limited, especially for female athletes, including relevant data on acute-phase proteins and amino acid metabolism.

Methods: We analyzed acute-phase proteins and amino acids collected at South American, Pan-American, and Olympic Games for 16 Olympic sports.

Integrated targeted and untargeted metabolomics profiling of Vanilla species from the Atlantic Forest: Unveiling the bioeconomic potential of Vanilla cribbiana.

In this study, we employ both targeted and untargeted approaches to explore the metabolomic profiles of Vanilla spp., with a particular focus on V. cribbiana (VCR) and its comparison with V.

A Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Studies on Advances in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration.

Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) pose significant clinical challenges due to their complex healing processes and the often incomplete functional recovery. This review and bibliometric analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of advancements in peripheral nerve regeneration research, focusing on trends, influential studies, and emerging areas. By analyzing 2921 publications from the Web of Science Core Collection, key themes such as nerve regeneration, repair, and the critical role of Schwann cells were identified.

3D-printed orthoses and prostheses for people with physical disability in rehabilitation centers: a scoping review.

Aims: The World Health Organization points out that, by 2030, two billion people will need at least one assistive product. 3D printing can be used to meet the demands when dispensing these products.

Purpose: This review aims to map the use of 3D printing in the manufacture of orthoses and prostheses for people with physical disability at rehabilitation centers.

Inflammatory and genomic interactions within keratoconus susceptible patients: a nationwide registered case-control study.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association between variants in the interleukin (IL)-1 gene cluster and susceptibility to keratoconus (KC) in an Iranian population.

Methods: In the case group, there were 188 KC patients diagnosed by clinical findings and corneal tomography. The control group included all 205 healthy controls with no personal or family history of eye-related, metabolic, or immune system-related disease.

Acanthocephalan Profilicollis altmani infecting the mole crab Emerita brasiliensis in southeastern Brazil.

Acanthocephalan parasites, specifically from the genus Profilicollis, are known to infect decapod crustaceans, including mole crabs like Emerita brasiliensis, which serve as intermediate hosts in their complex life cycles. This study reports the first occurrence of the acanthocephalan parasite Profilicollis altmani infecting the mole crab Emerita brasiliensis on a sandy beach in southeastern Brazil, thereby expanding the known geographic range of this parasite. Additionally, the study provides novel molecular data that enhance our understanding of the parasite's taxonomy and distribution, including the first evidence of genetic variation within populations of the intermediate host E.

Magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy versus open surgical corpus callosotomy for pediatric refractory epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) is a novel, minimally invasive alternative to traditional open surgery corpus callosotomy (CC). We aim to compare both approaches in terms of time of hospitalization and surgical procedure, complications, and efficacy outcomes.

Methods: A systematic search on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases was performed for studies directly comparing MRgLITT and open surgery for refractory epilepsy in children.

Increased Cardiometabolic Risk in Dynapenic Obesity: Results from the Study of Workers' Health (ESAT).

The coexistence of obesity and low muscle strength-denoted dynapenic obesity (DO)-has been associated with an unhealthy metabolic profile and increased risk for metabolic syndrome. However, there is a lack on studies investigating if DO exhibits higher cardiometabolic risk than non-dynapenic obesity. To assess if individuals with DO exhibit elevated cardiometabolic risk compared to non-dynapenic obesity.

Spinocerebellar Ataxia in Brazil: A Comprehensive Genotype - Phenotype Analysis.

Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a diverse group of hereditary neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive degeneration of the cerebellum and other parts of the nervous system. In this study, we examined the genotype‒phenotype correlations in SCAs within the Brazilian population by leveraging a comprehensive dataset of 763 individuals from SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals. Using a retrospective, cross-sectional, observational, multicentric approach, we analysed medical records and conducted standardized molecular testing to explore epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations, and genetic profiles of SCAs in Brazil.

Diathermy versus scalpel in midline abdominal incision: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Our study aimed to compare the midline abdominal incision with scalpel and diathermy.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane were searched through January 2024 following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO, ID: CRD42024516771), and only randomized controlled trials were included. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test and the I heterogeneity index.