Blackcurrant ( L.) improves cholinergic signaling and protects against chronic Scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice.

Background: Blackcurrant ( L.) is a berry rich in anthocyanins, bioactive compounds known for their antioxidant and neuroprotective properties that benefit human health.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effects of blackcurrant and its association with Donepezil on memory impairment, cholinergic neurotransmission, and antioxidant systems in a mouse model of amnesia induced by chronic administration of Scopolamine.

Amoebicidal activity of essential oils and essential oil-based microemulsions of Aloysia citrodora Ortega ex Pers., Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt ex Bor, and Ocimum gratissimum L. against Acanthamoeba polyphaga trophozoites.

Aims: Evaluate the in vitro efficacy of the essential oils derived from Aloysia citrodora (Verbenaceae), Cymbopogon winterianus (Poaceae), and Ocimum gratissimum (Lamiaceae) against Acanthamoeba polyphaga trophozoites. Additionally, microemulsions formulated with these essential oils, along with their major components, were analyzed.

Methods And Results: The prepared microemulsions were characterized using polarized light microscopy and rheological techniques.

Molecular identification of Chrysomya albiceps (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in a case of primary cutaneous myiasis in sheep at southern Brazil.

Sheep farming has been growing in Brazil, driven by an expanding consumer market due to greater acceptance of its meat and derivatives. There are several factors that limit sheep production, and one of them is infestation by ectoparasites, which cause stress in animals, weight loss, poor development, low productivity, low quality wool and reduced fertility. Chrysomya albiceps is a species of blowfly belonging to the Calliphoridae family that occurs in neotropical regions, where it causes secondary myiasis.

Acute and chronic effects of physical exercise in inflammatory biomarkers in people with depression: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

People with depression have increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to healthy subjects. Physical exercise can alleviate depressive symptoms and has anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to identify the effects of exercise on inflammatory biomarkers in people with depression.

Liposome preparation of alpha-arbutin: stability and toxicity assessment using mouse B16F10 melanoma cells.

Melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer, with few therapeutic alternatives following metastasis development. In recent years, drug delivery-associated nanotechnology has shown promising targeted results with diminished adverse effects compared to conventional treatments. This study aimed to (1) examine the effects of plant-derived α-arbutin, a natural compound and (2) compare these findings with bioactively developed liposomes containing α-arbutin utilizing the B16-F10 murine melanoma cell line as a model.

Scrolling through adolescence: unveiling the relationship of the use of social networks and its addictive behavior with psychosocial health.

Background: Understanding the relationship of social network use and addictive behaviors with adolescent psychosocial health is crucial in today's digital age.

Aim: To verify the associations between social network use, messaging applications, and the addictive behaviors to social network with psychosocial health in Spanish adolescents.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was developed with 632 adolescents, aged 12 to 17 years from the Region of Murcia, Spain.

Essential oils and capsaicin in the diet of Jersey cows at early lactation and their positive impact on anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunological responses.

The objective of this work was to determine whether the addition of phytogenic compounds based on essential oils (carvacrol, eugenol, cinnamaldehyde) and resinous pepper oil (capsaicin) to the diet of Jersey cows at the beginning of lactation affects anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory responses, as well as whether there are effects of EO on blood metabolites, ruminal fermentation, digestibility and milk production and composition. Six primiparous cows (370.00 ± 17 kg body weight (BW); 13.

B-mode, Doppler, and Elastography abdominal ultrasound in Tamandua tetradactyla.

The aim of this study was to describe the normal B-mode, Doppler, and 2D Shear Wave Elastography ultrasonographic findings of some abdominal structures in a six-month-old male Southern Tamandua (Tamandua tetradactyla). The animal was found and rescued by the environmental police after being discovered in the wild near its mother, who had died in a car accident. For the ultrasonographic exams, the animal's abdominal region was shaved, and only physical restraint was used.

An Analysis of the Biocompatibility, Cytotoxicity, and Bone Conductivity of Polycaprolactone: An In Vivo Study.

Background: Tissue engineering represents a promising field in regenerative medicine, with bioresorbable polymers such as polycaprolactone (PCL) playing a crucial role as scaffolds. These scaffolds support the growth and repair of tissues by mimicking the extracellular matrix.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the in vivo performance of three-dimensional PCL scaffolds by evaluating their effects on bone repair in rat calvaria and the tissue reaction in subcutaneous implant sites, as well as their impact on major organs such as the kidneys, lungs, and liver.

Synthesis of Highly Porous Lignin-Sulfonate Sulfur-Doped Carbon for Efficient Adsorption of Sodium Diclofenac and Synthetic Effluents.

Herein, a novel sulfur-doped carbon material has been synthesized via a facile and sustainable single-step pyrolysis method using lignin-sulfonate (LS), a by-product of the sulfite pulping process, as a novel carbon precursor and zinc chloride as a chemical activator. The sulfur doping process had a remarkable impact on the LS-sulfur carbon structure. Moreover, it was found that sulfur doping also had an important impact on sodium diclofenac removal from aqueous solutions due to the introduction of S-functionalities on the carbon material's surface.

Waterborne metal levels in four freshwater lakes from Harmony Point, Nelson Island, Antarctica.

The aim of this study is to analyze the waterborne metal levels in four lakes (one endorheic and three exorheic) of Harmony Point, Nelson Island, Antarctica. Water samples were analyzed by using a quadrupole type inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer and an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer. The levels of As, Cu, Mn, Mo, and V were significantly lower and those of Cr, Mg, Na, and Sr were significantly higher in the endorheic lake than in the other lakes.

Light exposure of tetra-cationic porphyrins containing peripheral Pd(II)-bipyridyl complexes and the induced effects on purified DNA molecule, fibroblast and melanoma cell lines.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) combines a light source, oxygen, and a photosensitizer (PS) to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for treating diseases. In this study, we evaluated two meso-tetra-pyridyl porphyrins with [Pd(bpy)Cl], namely 3-PdTPyP and 4-PdTPyP, as PS for PDT application. DNA interaction was assessed by spectroscopic measurements (UV-Vis and fluorescence emission), viscosity analysis, and molecular docking simulations.

Effectiveness of Three Bleaching Techniques for Endodontically Treated Teeth: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Various techniques, products, and protocols are used for the bleaching of non-vital teeth. The walking bleach technique involves sealing the bleaching agent in the pulp chamber. In the inside/outside technique, a low-concentration bleaching agent is applied at home using a custom tray.

Transgenerational effects of the levonorgestrel-based birth control pill in zebrafish offspring.

The consumption of hormone-derived medicines, such as levonorgestrel (LNG), is increasing worldwide, and its discharge into the environment reaches non-target organisms. In our previous study, we exposed the parental generation of zebrafish to environmentally relevant concentrations of LNG during the developmental phase. Subsequently, they had grown in a tank with clean water until adulthood.

Cocaine-induced Movement Disorder: A Literature Review.

This study aims to describe movement disorders secondary to cocaine use. To our knowledge, while these presentations have been previously reported in the literature, a comprehensive review has not been published yet. We searched six databases from 1986 to 2022 without language restriction.

Three-dimensional mass transfer modeling and phenolic chemistry exploration for ultrasound-assisted and microwave drying of goji berry.

Herein, goji berries were pretreated with sodium carbonate (NaCO) and then dried via ultrasound-assisted air drying or microwave drying. Water migration and phenolic chemistry of goji berries were studied under drying. A three-dimensional ellipsoid water transport model, accounting for porosity and temperature fluctuations, was established to explore the intricacies of the drying mechanism.

Neuroprotective effect of long-term resistance physical exercise against memory damage elicited by a lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation model in male rats.

Resistance exercise training (RET) is considered an excellent tool for preventing diseases with an inflammatory background. Its neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties are responsible for positively modulating cholinergic and oxidative systems, promoting neurogenesis, and improving memory. However, the mechanisms behind these actions are largely unknown.

Relationship Between Direct Aggression and Prosocial Behavior: The Role of Attention and Intelligence Among Children at Risk for Behavioral Problems.

This study aimed to investigate the influence of attention and intelligence in the prediction of prosocial behavior by direct aggression (proactive or reactive) in school-aged children at risk for behavioral problems. The sample was composed of 64 children aged 6 to 8 years screened for risk of behavioral problems, who were enrolled in a clinical trial. Multiple regression models were tested to investigate the prediction of prosocial behavior by direct aggression (proactive or reactive), attention, and intelligence.

Developmental Delay, Hypomyelination, and Nystagmus: Case and Approach.

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher-like disease (PMLD, OMIM #608804) is an autosomal recessive hypomyelinating leukodystrophy caused by homozygous variants in the gene. It usually presents in the first months of life with nystagmus, developmental delay, and diffuse hypomyelination on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We report a case of a 3-year-old boy that presented with nystagmus and global developmental delay.

Thermotolerance in Angus cattle is related to hair coat characteristics but not to coat color.

This study evaluated the impact of coat color (CC) and hair coat characteristics (HC) on productive and physiological traits related to thermotolerance in Angus heifers. The goal was to determine if HC and/or CC were reliable indicators of thermotolerance on a large scale for future breeding programs. Ninety-three 15-month-old Angus heifers (52 black, 41 red) were evaluated in three periods on a beef cattle farm in Brazil.

Acute Affective Responses to Virtual Reality Exercise: A Crossover Randomized Clinical Trial.

Virtual reality (VR) exercise aims to offer positive affective and sensory experiences through an immersive experience rich in audiovisual stimuli. Notwithstanding, there is a paucity of large sample size studies comparing the acute effects of VR exercise compared with a matched exercise performed in a non-VR environment. The study compared the acute effects of a VR exercise session versus a matched non-VR exercise session in effect, pleasure, enjoyment, perceived exertion, and heart rate.