Brazilian Health Care Professionals` Attitudes and Knowledge Regarding Organ Donation and Transplantation: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: This systematic literature review synthesizes evidence on Brazilian health care professionals' attitudes and knowledge regarding organ donation transplantation.

Method: This search included 5 databases-EBSCO, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Virtual Health Library. Search terms were conceptualized into 4 groups-organ transplantation/donation, health care professionals, attitude/knowledge, and Brazil.

The Immune System Throws Its Traps: Cells and Their Extracellular Traps in Disease and Protection.

The first formal description of the microbicidal activity of extracellular traps (ETs) containing DNA occurred in neutrophils in 2004. Since then, ETs have been identified in different populations of cells involved in both innate and adaptive immune responses. Much of the knowledge has been obtained from in vitro or ex vivo studies; however, in vivo evaluations in experimental models and human biological materials have corroborated some of the results obtained.

Tuberculosis among children and adolescents in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - Focus on extrapulmonary disease.

Objective: To compare the socio-demographic, clinical, and diagnostic characteristics and treatment outcomes between extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in children and adolescents in Rio de Janeiro, a high TB-burdened Brazilian city.

Methods: This retrospective study used data from patients with EPTB and PTB aged 0 - 18 years, notified on two national databases from 2014 to 2016.

Results: Among the 1008 patients, 144 (14.

Risk Analysis of the Organ Donation-Transplantation Process in Brazil.

Background: Organ transplantation has been for years one of the best treatment options for several medical conditions, and, all over the world, thousands of people need an organ transplant. However, the process through which an organ goes from a brain-dead patient to a new recipient is a complex and delicate one.

Research Questions: This study aims at identifying and assessing the main risks, their impact, and their relevance on the organ donation-transplantation (ODT) process in Brazil.

Hospital accreditation impact on healthcare quality dimensions: a systematic review.

Purpose: To systematically review the impact of hospital accreditation on healthcare quality indicators, as classified into seven healthcare quality dimensions.

Data Source: We searched eight databases in June 2020: EBSCO, PubMed, Web of Science, Emerald, ProQuest, Science Direct, Scopus and Virtual Health Library. Search terms were conceptualized into three groups: hospitals, accreditation and terms relating to healthcare quality.

An optical-magnetic Material as a toxic gas filter and sensing device.

The objective of this work is the development of a toxic gas detector/filter based on the production of porous polyaniline composites filled with magnetic nanoparticles. The composite produced was subjected to hydrogen sulfide gas as a preliminary test of its detection and sorption capacity, which were proven by gravimetric analysis. Analysis by light scattering and TEM indicated that magnetic nanoparticles with a size of approximately 5 nm were obtained through the proposed methodology.

Tubulin-Dependent Transport of Connexin-36 Potentiates the Size and Strength of Electrical Synapses.

Connexin-36 (Cx36) electrical synapses strengthen transmission in a calcium/calmodulin (CaM)/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII)-dependent manner similar to a mechanism whereby the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit NR2B facilitates chemical transmission. Since NR2B-microtubule interactions recruit receptors to the cell membrane during plasticity, we hypothesized an analogous modality for Cx36. We determined that Cx36 binding to tubulin at the carboxy-terminal domain was distinct from Cx43 and NR2B by binding a motif overlapping with the CaM and CaMKII binding motifs.

Association of neuropsychiatric syndromes with global clinical deterioration in Alzheimer's disease patients.

Background: Data on the relationship between behavioral disturbances in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and global clinical deterioration is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to explore potential correlations of neuropsychiatric syndromes with global clinical deterioration in patients with AD, with particular consideration on severity levels of dementia.

Methods: AD patients (n = 156) aged 76.

Purity and adulterant analysis of crack seizures in Brazil.

Cocaine represents a serious problem to society. Smoked cocaine is very addictive and it is frequently associated with violence and health issues. Knowledge of the purity and adulterants present in seized cocaine, as well as variations in drug characteristics are useful to identify drug source and estimate health impact.

Infection with Leishmania amazonensis upregulates purinergic receptor expression and induces host-cell susceptibility to UTP-mediated apoptosis.

Nucleotides are released into the extracellular milieu from infected cells and cells at inflammatory sites. The extracellular nucleotides bind to specific purinergic (P2) receptors and thereby induce a variety of cellular responses including anti-parasitic effects. Here we investigated whether extracellular nucleotides affect leishmanial infection in macrophages, and found that UTP reduces strongly the parasite load in peritoneal macrophages.

Quality control of blood irradiation: determination T cells radiosensitivity to cobalt-60 gamma rays.

Background: To identify the most appropriate dose for the prevention of transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease, the radiosensitivity of T cells has been determined in blood bags irradiated with X-rays produced by a linear accelerator and gamma rays derived from the cesium-137 source of a specific irradiator. In this study, the influence of doses ranging from 500 to 2500 cGy was investigated on T cells isolated from red blood cell (RBC) units preserved with ADSOL and irradiated with a cobalt teletherapy unit.

Study Design And Methods: A thermal device consisting of acrylic and foam was constructed to store the blood bags during irradiation.

Alpha-tocopherol induces expression of connective tissue growth factor and antagonizes tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated downregulation in human smooth muscle cells.

The effect of alpha-tocopherol treatment on gene expression in human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells was analyzed by gene expression arrays. The expression of the connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) gene was induced by alpha-tocopherol 1.8-fold in gene array experiments, and similar results were also obtained by RT-PCR (1.

Candiduria in hospitalized patients: a review.

The presence of Candida species in the urine is frequent among hospitalized patients. It represents a major challenge to the physician because it is unclear whether candiduria represents colonization or infection, whether the bladder or the kidney is involved in infection, or whether it represents a surrogate marker for systemic infection. This picture is more complicated because there are few prospective studies addressing the issue of when and how to treat a patient with candiduria.