Grazing intensity for enhanced resource use efficiency in integrated crop-livestock systems: Balancing soil carbon storage and food security.

Preserving natural resources while addressing global food demand is a critical responsibility of the agricultural sector. In light of this, strategically integrating domestic herbivores into crop monocultures is seen as a promising opportunity to generate additional income and improve the efficiency of food production. Our study presents long-term results from experimentation on Integrated Crop-Livestock Systems (ICLS), revealing its productive and environmental benefits.

Paternal Physical Punishment and Neglect: Does It Increase the Odds of Toothache in Children and Adolescents?

Background: Physical punishment by caregivers affects approximately 60% of children between the ages of 2 and 14 worldwide.

Aim: To evaluate the association between physical punishment and paternal neglect of children and adolescents and toothache.

Design: This cross-sectional study included all schoolchildren between the ages of 9 and 19 from a small Brazilian town in 2016 (n = 329).

High-intensity ethanol binge drinking accentuates bone damage in induced apical periodontitis in rats.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of excessive and episodic consumption of ethanol (EtOH, a high-intensity drinking manner) on induced apical periodontitis in rats. Thirty-two animals were divided into the following four groups: control, EtOH, apical periodontitis, and EtOH + apical periodontitis. Ethanol exposure (3 g/kg 20 % w/v EtOH) was performed by orogastric gavage for 3 consecutive days, followed by 4 days of withdrawal for 4 weeks.

Effects of different supervised and structured physical exercise on the physical fitness trainability of children and adolescents: a meta-analysis and meta-regression : Physical fitness trainability in children and adolescents' health.

Background: Physical fitness has been considered an important health indicator. Several factors can impact the increase in physical fitness in children and adolescents, including chronological age, sex and BMI, in addition to training variables such as weekly frequency, session and intervention duration, and types of exercises performed. To know the importance of variables that can impact physical fitness, it is important for health professionals to identify the most efficient way of prescribing physical exercises for children and adolescents.

Influence of vibration duration on the quality of boar semen doses packed in bags or tubes.

As previous data showing the negative impact of semen agitation during transport on sperm quality was obtained only in tube-type packages, this study aimed to compare two packages for boar semen dose (bag or tube) submitted to different agitation times. Ejaculates from thirty different boars were diluted in BTS extender, packed in bags or tubes in split sample, and submitted to agitation for 0, 6, or 12 h at 100 rpm at 17 ºC. Semen doses were stored for up to 168 h and evaluated for quality traits.

Defining quality categories for evaluation of the doctor-patient relationship assessed through the patient-doctor relationship questionnaire (PDRQ-9).

Background: The quality of the doctor-patient relationship plays a crucial role in patients' experiences with healthcare services, positively influencing clinical outcomes and satisfaction with care. The Patient-Doctor Relationship Questionnaire (PDRQ-9) is widely used to assess this relationship. However, there are no quality categories that can be derived from the instrument's score to facilitate understanding and decision-making.

Experiences and perspectives on rapid-test diagnosis of tuberculosis, histoplasmosis and cryptococcosis in people with advanced HIV/AIDS disease in Porto Alegre, Brazil.

The rapid diagnosis of opportunistic infections (OIs) is critical for improving the health outcomes of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). This study aimed to describe the feasibility of implementing a package for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis, histoplasmosis, and cryptococcosis in patients with advanced HIV/AIDS disease in Porto Alegre, Brazil. The research involved two focus groups with health professionals, four in-depth interviews with healthcare managers, and twelve interviews with PLWHA.

Improved Malaria Therapy with Cationic Nanocapsules Demonstrated in -Infected Rodents Using Whole Blood Surrogate Population PK/PD Modeling.

: Investigating how nanoparticle systems interact in whole blood (WB) is critical to evaluating the effectiveness of malaria therapy. Methods: We decided to establish a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model of the quinine population in WB using -infected mice, with a subsequent model comparison for nanocapsules coated with polysorbate (NCP80) or prepared with Eudragit RS (NCEUD). The WB quinine population pharmacokinetic model in rats was developed using plasma and partition coefficients for rat erythrocytes.

The Influence of Extra-Fine Milling Protocol on the Internal Fit of CAD/CAM Composite and Ceramic Crowns.

This study aimed to evaluate the marginal and internal adaptation of CAD/CAM crowns milled using two different milling protocols (fine or extra-fine) within a 4-axis milling machine. The crowns were fabricated from lithium disilicate ceramic (IPS e.max CAD) and resin composite (Tetric CAD), assessing their fit in various regions.

High Expression of GABA Receptor β Subunit Genes Is Associated with Longer Overall Survival in Medulloblastoma.

Most of the rapid inhibitory neurotransmission in the brain is mediated through activation of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A (GABA) receptor, which is a ligand-gated ion channel. GABA receptor activation via GABA binding allows for an intracellular influx of Cl ions, thus inducing cellular hyperpolarization. Each GABA receptor consists of a combination of five subunits, and several subunits have been proposed as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer.

Conceptual Model on Access to Food in the Favela Food Environment.

The inequalities of Brazilian society are amplified in favelas, affecting access to basic sanitation, health, education services, and food. More research is needed to better understand the favela food environment and propose appropriate public food and nutrition policies to increase the availability of and access to healthy food. In this context, this study aimed to develop a conceptual model of the relationship between access to food and the favela food environment and its determinants.

Effects of training protocols on dancers' balance: A systematic review.

Background: Balance is an essential skill for dancers, it helps reduce the risk of injury, and is related to quality of performance. This systematic review aims to investigate the effects of training protocols on the balance of dancers when compared to control groups.

Methods: Interventional studies, published until January 2023, assessing balance in all levels of ballet, modern, and contemporary dancers were identified in the PubMed, Cochrane, Lilacs, Scielo, Embase, and SPORTDiscus databases.

The influence of balance support base manipulation on the kinematics of lower limbs during single-legged squats in people with patellofemoral pain.

Background: Given that people with patellofemoral pain (PFP) exhibit deficits in postural control, certain postural reactions may be associated with movement alterations in this population. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate whether manipulation of the support base for balance maintenance could lead to different patterns of lower limb kinematics in people with PFP during single-legged squats.

Methods: Fourteen participants with PFP and 14 asymptomatic controls were first assessed performing single-legged squats freely, and then while holding a stick to provide stabilization during the task.

Remote and in-person Pilates impact on the quality of life of older adults: A controlled and randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: Sedentary behavior and physical inactivity pose significant concerns for the elderly population due to their detrimental effects on physical autonomy and quality of life. The Pilates method practiced remotely on the ground may be a promising option to enhance the quality of life for older adults.

Objective: To compare the effects of remote and in-person Pilates solo training on older adults' quality of life (QOL) through a controlled and randomized clinical trial.

Carvacrol as a food additive: Toxicological aspects and the role of nanotechnology in enhancing its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.

Carvacrol (CAR), a phenolic monoterpene found in essential oils, shows promise as a food additive due to its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Challenges like volatility and strong aroma necessitate innovative approaches for its use, with nanotechnology offering solutions through improved solubility and controlled release. CAR-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit enhanced antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, presenting a novel approach for food preservation.