Y-TZP surface behavior under two different milling systems and three different accelerated aging protocols.

Background: To evaluate the influence of aging and milling system on zirconia surface roughness (SR) and phase transformation.

Methods: Eighty crowns were divided in two groups according to yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline (Y-TZP) ceramic milling system (CAD-Neodent or MAD-Zirkonzahn). The crowns were submitted to different aging protocols (N.

The endogenous opioid system modulates defensive behavior evoked by Crotalus durissus terrificus: Panicolytic-like effect of intracollicular non-selective opioid receptors blockade.

Background: There is a controversy regarding the key role played by opioid peptide neurotransmission in the modulation of panic-attack-related responses.

Aims: Using a prey versus rattlesnakes paradigm, the present work investigated the involvement of the endogenous opioid peptide-mediated system of the inferior colliculus in the modulation of panic attack-related responses.

Methods: Wistar rats were pretreated with intracollicular administration of either physiological saline or naloxone at different concentrations and confronted with rattlesnakes ( Crotalus durissus terrificus).

Sewage contamination of Amazon streams crossing Manaus (Brazil) by sterol biomarkers.

Sewage pollution is a principal factor of decreasing water quality, although it has not been considered a real impact in Amazonia that is still considered a pristine environment around the world. Thus, this study aimed to assess the levels of sewage contamination in sediments from three streams crossing Manaus - a Brazilian city of 2,403,796 inhabitants in the heart of the Amazon rain forest. Cholesterol, cholestanol, brassicasterol, ergosterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmastanol, coprostanol, and epicoprostanol levels were determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Adaptive Beamforming Applied to OFDM Systems.

This work proposes an adaptive beamforming scheme applied to time domain, pre-FFT (Fast Fourier Transformation), Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems. This scheme improves the performance and the capacity of OFDM systems, using a supervised adaptive algorithm, with frequency domain multiplexed pilots of the OFDM system as a reference. The simplicity of the proposed structure, as well as the method used to obtain reference signals for the adaptive beamforming, are essential aspects that distinguish this paper from other publications.

Effect of additional polishing methods on the physical surface properties of different nanocomposites: SEM and AFM study.

This evaluated the arrangement of filler particles in depth of nanocomposites, and surface roughness, wettability, microtopography, and micromorphology following additional polishing step. Forty samples of each composite tested [Filtek Z350XT (FZ), IPS Empress Direct (IP)] were fabricated and finished/polished/additionally polished using one of the following methods (n = 10/group): no finishing/polishing (NFP), Sof-Lex Pop-On + no additional polishing (SP), Sof-Lex Pop-On + Astropol rubber polisher (SP+A), and Sof-Lex Pop-On + felt disc with polishing paste (SP+FP). Surface roughness (Ra) and contact angles were measured using a profilometer and goniometer, respectively.

Isolation and Identification of the Five Novel Flavonoids from Genipa americana Leaves.

is a medicinal plant popularly known as "jenipapo", which occurs in Brazil and belongs to the Rubiaceae family. It is a species widely distributed in the tropical Central and South America, especially in the Cerrado biome. Their leaves and fruits are used as food and popularly in folk medicine to treat anemias, as an antidiarrheal, and anti-syphilitic.

Anatomical and Functional MRI Changes after One Year of Auditory Rehabilitation with Hearing Aids.

Hearing aids (HAs) are an effective strategy for auditory rehabilitation in patients with peripheral hearing deficits. Yet, the neurophysiological mechanisms behind HA use are still unclear. Thus far, most studies have focused on changes in the auditory system, although it is expected that hearing deficits affect a number of cognitive systems, notably speech.

Surface morphological and physical characterizations of glass ionomer cements after sterilization processes.

The aim of this study was to investigate if sterilization methods would promote changes in the selected adhesion-related surface properties of glass ionomer cements (GICs). Riva self-cure (RSC) and Riva light-cure (RLC) GICs were tested. Thirty samples were prepared according to the type of material (RSC and RLC) and sterilization method: hydrogen peroxide gas plasma (HPGP), steam sterilization (SS), and no sterilization (n = 5 per group).

Astragaloside IV Supplementation Promotes A Neuroprotective Effect in Experimental Models of Neurological Disorders: A Systematic Review.

Background: Neurological disorders constitute a growing worldwide concern due to the progressive aging of the population and the risky behavior they represent. Herbal medicines have scientific relevance in the treatment of these pathologies. One of these substances, Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), is the main active compound present in the root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.

Hope as a behavior and cognitive process: A new clinical strategy about mental health's prevention.

Introduction: Given the aging population, it is necessary to develop strategies for the prevention and promotion of mental health in the elderly. Hope as the ability to trace and maintain paths can be used as a key construct for these strategies, promoting cognitive health if stimulated.

Objective: Evaluate the behavior and cognitive development of elderly people through hope training as a clinical strategy for health promotion.

Effect of primer-cement systems with different functional phosphate monomers on the adhesion of zirconia to dentin.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of primer-cement systems with different functional phosphate monomers on the adhesion of zirconia to dentin with and without aging protocols.

Materials And Methods: Bovine teeth (N = 180) were embedded in acrylic resin after sectioning their roots with with their coronal parts exposed. The buccal surface of each tooth was polished with silicon carbide papers (#200, 400, 600) until dentin exposure.

Efficacy of ibuprofen and codeine + paracetamol to reduce immediate bleaching sensitivity caused by in-office tooth bleaching: A randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial.

Purpose: To evaluate (1) the efficacy of Ibuprofen and codeine + paracetamol to control immediate bleaching sensitivity caused by in-office tooth bleaching performed with 35% hydrogen peroxide, and (2) tooth shade change caused by 35% hydrogen peroxide.

Methods: In this randomized, controlled and double blind clinical trial, 60 volunteers were divided into three treatment groups: 400 mg placebo (PL)(n=20), 400 mg ibuprofen (IB)(n=20), or 30 mg codeine + 500 mg paracetamol (CP)(n=20). The volunteers were submitted to two bleaching sessions with 35% hydrogen peroxide in 2 applications of 20 minutes each.

Effects of resistance plus aerobic training on body composition and metabolic markers in older breast cancer survivors undergoing aromatase inhibitor therapy.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of combined aerobic + resistance training on body composition and metabolic markers in older breast cancer survivors undergoing aromatase inhibitor therapy.

Methods: Older breast cancer survivors were randomized to an exercise [resistance + aerobic training]: n = 18, or placebo control group: n = 18. Body composition (measured by DXA) and blood markers of lipid and glucose were measured at baseline, and at 12, 24, and 36 weeks.

Speech structure links the neural and socio-behavioural correlates of psychotic disorders.

Background: A longstanding notion in the concept of psychosis is the prominence of loosened associative links in thought processes. Assessment of such subtle aspects of thought disorders has proved to be a challenging task in clinical practice and to date no surrogate markers exist that can reliably track the physiological effects of treatments that could reduce thought disorders. Recently, automated speech graph analysis has emerged as a promising means to reliably quantify structural speech disorganization.

Differential expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and cyclin D1 in salivary gland tumors.

Purpose: Salivary gland tumors are complex and have a great histomorphological diversity; more than 30 histological subtypes are currently described and the study of proteins that help understand and differentiate these tumors is essential. We aimed to analyze the immunoexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and cyclin D1 proteins in pleomorphic adenomas (PA), mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC) and adenoid cystic carcinomas (AdCC) of salivary glands.

Methods: A total of 38 PA, 12 AdCC and 12 MEC underwent immunohistochemical study by the polymeric biotin-free technique.

Effects of kinesio taping on neuromuscular performance and pain of individuals affected by patellofemoral pain: A randomized controlled trial.

Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is one of the most frequent musculoskeletal dysfunctions in the knee and its treatment is controversial. This study analyzed the effects of Kinesio Taping (KT) immediately and 72 hours after its application on the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) muscle, on the isokinetic performance of the quadriceps femoris and on the pain of subjects with PFP. Fifty-four participants were divided into three groups and performed one of the following protocols: (1) control group (CG)-remained at rest; (2) KT tension group (TG)-KT application with tension in the VMO region; and (3) KT without tension group (WTG)-KT application without tension in the same region.

Longitudinal effects of biopsychosocial variables on physical activity after menarche.

Background: The aim of the current study is to analyze the longitudinal effects of certain biopsychosocial variables (socioeconomic status, Body Mass Index (BMI), body image and well-being (QL)), measured at three different menarche stages (S1: before menarche, S2: soon after menarche, and S3: one year after S2), on physical activity and inactivity levels in early adolescence.

Methods: The sample comprised 136 Brazilian teenagers (10-13 years old), showing BMI 18.98 kg/m at the initial assessment, who voluntarily participated in the study.

Body Image of Women Submitted to Breast Cancer Treatment.

Background: The study of body image includes the perception of women regarding the physical appearance of their own body. The objective of the present study was to verify the prevalence of body image dissatisfaction and its associated factors in women submitted to breast cancer treatment. Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out with 103 female residents of the municipality of Natal (Northeast Brazil), diagnosed with breast cancer who had undergone cancer treatment for at least 12 months prior to the study, and remained under clinical monitoring.

CAD-FEA modeling and analysis of different full crown monolithic restorations.

Objectives: To investigate the influence of different materials for monolithic full posterior crowns using 3D-Finite Element Analysis (FEA).

Methods: Twelve (12) 3D models of adhesively-restored teeth with different crowns according to the material and its elastic modulus were analysed: Acrylic resin, Polyetheretherketone, Composite resin, Hybrid ceramic, pressable and machinable Zirconia reinforced lithium silicate, Feldspathic, Lithium disilicate, Gold alloy, Cobalt-Chromium alloy (Co-Cr), Zirconia tetragonal partially stabilized with yttria, and Alumina. All materials were assumed to behave elastically throughout the entire deformation.

Getting the Jump on the Development of Bullfrog Oil Microemulsions: a Nanocarrier for Amphotericin B Intended for Antifungal Treatment.

Amphotericin B (AmB), a potent antifungal drug, presents physicochemical characteristics that impair the development of suitable dosage forms. In order to overcome the AmB insolubility, several lipid carriers such as microemulsions have been developed. In this context, the bullfrog oil stands out as an eligible oily phase component, since its cholesterol composition may favor the AmB incorporation.

Rapid antidepressant effects of the psychedelic ayahuasca in treatment-resistant depression: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Recent open-label trials show that psychedelics, such as ayahuasca, hold promise as fast-onset antidepressants in treatment-resistant depression.

Methods: To test the antidepressant effects of ayahuasca, we conducted a parallel-arm, double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial in 29 patients with treatment-resistant depression. Patients received a single dose of either ayahuasca or placebo.

Physical-Mechanical Properties and Micromorphology of Calcium Cements Exposed to Polyacrylic and Phosphoric Acids.

Objective: To evaluate if physical and mechanical properties of self-curing calcium hydroxide cements were affected by contact with polyacrylic and phosphoric acids.

Materials And Methods: Resin-containing (Life (LF)) and resin-free (Hydro C (HyC)) materials were subjected to polyacrylic acid conditioning and rinsing (POL); phosphoric acid conditioning and rinsing (PHO); rinsing only; and no treatment ( = 10). Water sorption/solubility, release of hydroxyl ions (pH), roughness (Ra), and impact resistance were evaluated.

Pattern of tyrosine hydroxylase expression during aging of mesolimbic pathway of the rat.

Senescence is a physiological and progressive event that leads to the impairment of normal functions of the organism. The nervous system is one of the most affected systems during aging, presenting both structural and functional alterations associated with a decline in normal brain functions. In the present study we aimed to evaluate the impact of senescence on the mesolimbic pathway (nucleus accumbens - NAc and ventral tegmental area - VTA) of the rat, through immunohistochemistry for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) enzyme, in young (3 months old), middle-aged (10 months old) and aged animals (18 months old).

Statistical mixture design investigation for extraction and quantitation of aporphine alkaloids from the leaves of Unonopsis duckei R.E. Fr. by HPLC-MS/MS.

Introduction: Alkaloids-derived drugs are a billionaire world-market and several phytochemical investigations aim the identification of new sources and/or structures. Thus, improving the way of extracting and methods to quantify them are of utmost importance.

Objective: To quantify isoquinoline-derived alkaloids in Unonopsis duckei R.

Screening for oropharyngeal dysphagia in older adults: A systematic review of self-reported questionnaires.

Background: Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a swallowing disorder with signs and symptoms which may be present in older adults, but they are rarely noticed as a health concern by older people. The earliest possible identification of this clinical condition is needed by self-reported population-based screening questionnaire, which are valid and reliable for preventing risks to nutritional status, increased morbidity and mortality.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to identify self-reported screening questionnaires for oropharyngeal dysphagia in older adults to evaluate their methodological quality for population-based studies.