Medication Use among Pregnant Women from the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study.

Medication use during pregnancy is a common practice that has been increasing in recent years. The aim of this study is to describe medication use among pregnant women from the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study. This paper relies on a population-based cohort study including 4270 women.

Use of Medications by Breastfeeding Women in the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study.

This study describes medication use by women up to 3 months postpartum and evaluates the association between medication use by women who were still breastfeeding at 3 months postpartum and weaning at 6 and 12 months. Population-based cohort, including women who breastfed ( = 3988). Medications were classified according to Hale's lactation risk categories and Brazilian Ministry of Health criteria.

The use of folic acid, iron salts and other vitamins by pregnant women in the 2015 Pelotas birth cohort: is there socioeconomic inequality?

Background: Many low- and middle-income countries recommend micronutrient supplements for pregnant women to improve their nutritional status, prevent possible deficiencies and avoid fetal healgth consequences. This study evaluated the influence of socioeconomic status on the use of folic acid, iron salts and other vitamins and minerals among pregnant women in the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort.

Methods: This population-based birth cohort study was carried out with 4270 women.

Clinical predictors of quality of life in a large sample of adult obsessive-compulsive disorder outpatients.

Background: OCD causes impairment in different areas of the patients' quality of life (QoL), such as sociability, family relationships, and occupational performance. The literature has emphasized the relevance of assessing QoL as a critical outcome in mental health studies.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate sociodemographic and clinical predictors of QoL, including treatment response, in a large sample of OCD subjects.

Dual diagnosis of obsessive compulsive and compulsive buying disorders: Demographic, clinical, and psychiatric correlates.

Aim: The present research assessed the rates as well as the demographic, clinical, and psychiatric correlates associated with comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and compulsive buying disorder (CBD).

Method: Participants were drawn from a large (N = 993) multi-center study of people seeking treatment for their OCD. The diagnoses of psychiatric disorders were made using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM by registered psychologists and psychiatrists.

Cell Cycle Markers in the Evaluation of Bladder Cancer.

Bladder cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous neoplasia characterized by a high number of recurrences. Standardized clinical and morphological parameters are not always sufficient to predict individual tumor behavior. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of cell cycle regulators proteins as potential adjuvant in prognosis and monitoring of this disease.

Recovering functional independence after a stroke through Modified Constraint-Induced Therapy.

Background: Population ageing and changes in the epidemiological profile of neurological pathologies has resulted in an increase in patients with disabilities. Rehabilitation strategies such as Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMTm) play a key role in treating patients with neurologic deficiencies and motor impairments. This intervention is intended to mitigate disability, promote maximum functional independence, and optimize social and economic participation of patients with upper extremity weakness.

Prevalence and correlates of electroconvulsive therapy delivery in 1001 obsessive-compulsive disorder outpatients.

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) who sought treatment in seven different specialized centers (n=1001) were evaluated with a structured assessment battery. Thirteen OCD patients (1.3% of the sample) reported having been treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in the past.

Toxicity of (Spreng.) Tronc. leave extract by MTT and neutral red assays: influence of the test medium procedure.

Cytotoxicity assays using cell cultures may be an alternative to assess biological toxicity of plant extracts with potential phytotherapeutic properties. This study compared three methods to prepare culture media for the exposure of Vero cells to plant extracts. Leaves of Glandularia selloi (Spreng.

Charge Tags for Most Comprehensive ESI-MS Monitoring of Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH)/aza-MBH Reactions: Solid Mechanistic View and the Dualistic Role of the Charge Tagged Acrylate.

Neutral and charge tagged reagents were used to investigate the mechanism of the classical Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) reaction as well as its aza-version using mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (ESI-MS). The use of an acrylate (activated alkene) with a methylimidazolium ion as a charge tag eliminates the requirement for adding acids as ESI(+) additives, which are normally used to favor protonation and therefore detection of reaction partners (reagents, intermediates, and products) by ESI(+)-MS. For both charge tagged reactions (MBH/aza-MBH), most reactants, intermediates, and the final adducts were efficiently detected in the form of abundant doubly and singly charged ions.

Comorbidity variation in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder according to symptom dimensions: Results from a large multicentre clinical sample.

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has a heterogeneous and complex phenomenological picture, characterized by different symptom dimensions and comorbid psychiatric disorders, which frequently co-occur or are replaced by others over the illness course. To date, very few studies have investigated the associations between specific OCD symptom dimensions and comorbid disorders.

Methods: Cross-sectional, multicenter clinical study with 1001 well-characterized OCD patients recruited within the Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders.

Defining clinical severity in adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Objective: The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) is the most commonly used instrument to assess the clinical severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Treatment determinations are often based on Y-BOCS score thresholds. However, these benchmarks are not empirically based, which may result in non-evidence based treatment decisions.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in BRIC countries: the cases of Brazil, Russia, India, and China.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the prototype of interstitial lung diseases, has the worst prognosis and is the only interstitial lung disease for which approved pharmacological treatments are available. Despite being considered a rare disease, IPF patients pose major challenges to both physicians and healthcare systems. It is estimated that a large number of IPF patients reside in BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India, and China) given their overall total population of approximately 3 billion inhabitants.

Mineralocorticoid receptor genotype moderates the association between physical neglect and serum BDNF.

The objective of this study is to investigate if a polymorphism in the NR3C2 gene moderates the association between childhood trauma on serum levels of brain derived neurothrophic factor (sBDNF). sBDNF was used here as a general marker of alteration in brain function. This is a community cross sectional study comprising 90 adolescents (54 with anxiety disorders).

Anxiety disorders and anxiety-related traits and serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) in adolescents: case-control and trio studies.

The role of the serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) in anxiety disorder and anxiety-related traits is controversial. Besides this study, few studies have evaluated the triallelic genotype in adolescents. The aim of this study was to investigate whether anxiety disorders and anxiety-related traits are associated with 5-HTTLPR (biallelic and triallelic) in adolescents, integrating both case-control-based and family-based designs in a community sample.

Novel real-time PCR assays using TaqMan minor groove binder probes for identification of fecal carriage of Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus complex from rectal swab specimens.

Real-time PCR based on the recN and gyrB genes was developed to detect four Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus complex (SBEC) subspecies from rectal swab specimens. The overall prevalence was 35.2%: Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp.

Late-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder: risk factors and correlates.

Background: While a great amount of attention has been paid to early-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), there is a dearth of studies on patients showing OCD for the first time at later stages of life. In this study, we aimed at determining possible risk factors/correlates for OCD onset at or after age 40, here termed late-onset OCD.

Method: A series of models including several potential variables associated with late onset OCD were tested using a monolayer neural network.

Bacterial skin colonization and infections in patients with atopic dermatitis.

Atopic Dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects a large number of children and adults. The disease results from an interaction between genetic predisposition, host environment, skin barrier defects, and immunological factors. A major aggravating factor associated with Atopic Dermatitis is the presence of microorganisms on the patient's skin surface.

TRREMS procedure (transanal repair of rectocele and rectal mucosectomy with one circular stapler): a prospective multicenter trial.

Context: Since anorectocele is usually associated with mucosa prolapse and/or rectal intussusceptions, it was developed a stapled surgical technique using one circular stapler.

Objective: To report the results of Transanal Repair of Rectocele and Rectal Mucosectomy with one Circular Stapler (TRREMS procedure) in the treatment of anorectocele with mucosa prolapse in a prospective multicenter trial.

Methods: It was conducted by 14 surgeons and included 75 female patients, mean aged 49.

Evaluating the association between alterations in mineral metabolism and pruritus in hemodialysis patients.

Background: Uremic pruritus is the most frequent symptom in long-term hemodialysis patients. Abnormal laboratory parameters have been found with conflicting data.

Objective: To correlate the prevalence of pruritus with alterations in mineral metabolism in hemodialysis patients.

Neutrophilic dermatoses: part I.

The authors present a review of neutrophilic dermatoses that have great impact on the health of patients: Sweet syndrome, pyoderma gangrenosum, Behçet's disease and neutrophilic urticaria. Major clinical aspects, histopathological changes and management options are discussed based on the results and conclusions of relevant studies recently published and on the authors' experience.