Tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with chronic myelogeneous leukemia: defining the role of social risk factors and non-adherence to treatment.

Objective: To assess the role of social risk factors on adherence to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) therapy in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients.

Methods: This is a retrospective study and eligible patients were adults with CML on TKI treatment. Cases of no adherence to treatment were confirmed during pharmacists' consultation (patient-reported adherence).

The use of prebiotics during the first year of life for atopy prevention and treatment.

The incidence of allergic diseases has increased in recent decades. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy of prebiotics for the prevention and treatment of allergic manifestations in children. We sought to conduct a systematic review of the effectiveness of prebiotics in the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in children.

A non-canonical landscape of the microRNA system.

Microribonucleic acids, best known as microRNAs or miRNAs, are small, non-coding RNAs with important regulatory roles in eukaryotic cells. Here, I present a broad review on highly relevant but generally non-depicted features of miRNAs, among which stand out the non-conventional miRNA seed sites, the unusual messenger RNA (mRNA) target regions, the non-canonical miRNA-guided mechanisms of gene expression regulation, and the recently identified new class of miRNA ligands. Furthermore, I address the miRNA uncommon genomic location, transcription, and subcellular localization.

'Pseudo-Dominant' Inheritance in Friedreich's Ataxia: Clinical and Genetic Study of a Brazilian Family.

Friedreich's ataxia (FA) is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by progressive gait and limb ataxia, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, limb muscular weakness, and areflexia with positive extensor plantar response. Loss of vibratory and position sense, skeletal abnormalities, and dysarthria are common comorbid features. The wide spectrum of disease may lead to a diagnostic challenge, and in such a scenario, the inheritance pattern might be a clue to diagnosis.

Low hepatitis B vaccine response in children with Down syndrome from Brazil.

Background: It has been reported that vaccination against hepatitis B is less effective among people with Down syndrome than in the general population. We aimed to evaluate the rate of seroconversion to hepatitis B vaccine in children with Down syndrome from Brazil.

Methods: A total of 120 people with Down syndrome were included.

Targeting IL-23: insights into the pathogenesis and the treatment of psoriasis.

Therapeutic experience strongly supports the use of TNF antagonists as important modalities in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis and plaque psoriasis. Studies with anti-IL-12/23 therapeutic agents, which act in different steps of the psoriatic inflammatory cascade, have also shown demonstrable efficacy. Here, we discuss this approach and its potential within the armamentarium for the treatment of psoriasis.

Rhinitis is also common in infants with asthma.

The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of rhinitis in asthmatic infants. A cross-sectional study was conducted using clinical data obtained from a standardized allergy work-up form that includes specific questions on common allergic diseases. Asthmatic patients were seen at the first visit to the Pediatric Allergy Unit, from January 2001 to January 2006, were selected for analysis.