Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Healthcare Workers Before and After COVID-19 Vaccination: A Cohort Study in a Primary Care Unit of Brazil.

Introduction: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Viral surveillance for early detection of COVID-19 is a critical strategy to understand this population's infection dynamics and prevent transmission. The study examines SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection among HCWs vaccinated against COVID-19 working at a primary healthcare unit serving a disenfranchised community in Brazil.

The pesticides carbofuran and picloram alter the diversity and abundance of soil microbial communities.

Many countries widely use pesticides to increase crop productivity in agriculture. However, their excessive and indiscriminate use contaminates soil and other environments and affects edaphic microbial communities. We aimed to examine how the pesticides carbofuran and picloram affect the structure and functionality of soil microbiota using cultivation-independent methods.

Mpox Vaccine Hesitancy Among Brazilian Men Who Have Sex with Men: A National Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Mpox is a viral zoonosis that has gained increased attention due to a global outbreak in 2022, significantly impacting men who have sex with men (MSM). Vaccination for this disease poses a public health challenge; because it carries a strong stigma, there may be greater hesitancy in vulnerable groups.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with Mpox vaccine hesitancy among Brazilian MSM.

Avascular necrosis of the navicular (Müller-Weiss). A systematic review.

Müller-Weiss is a disease characterized by deformation, fragmentation and necrosis of the navicular, which presents with midfoot varus and long-standing pain, mostly in females. It is related to delayed ossification due to physical or nutritional stress, associated with abnormal force distribution. There are still few studies on this condition and there is no consensus in the literature on its classification and treatment.

Vitamin D metabolism-related single nucleotide polymorphisms in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease risk.

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the world's major public health problems. It is characterized by a major inflammatory response, where vitamin D, due to its role in regulating the immune system, and genetic variants involved in its metabolism may play an essential role. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between 13 polymorphisms related to vitamin D metabolism and the COPD risk.

"Acute responses to barefoot running are related to changes in kinematics, mechanical load, and inflammatory profile".

This study investigated the acute effects of barefoot (BF) running on biomechanical parameters and cytokine concentrations. Seventy-one habitually shod runners had biomechanical parameters evaluated during running shod (SH) and BF, while a sub-group of 19 runners had their inflammatory profile analyzed before and after a running session, using their habitual shoes or barefoot. Running BF changed spatiotemporal and joint kinematics, including the stride frequency (increased) and length (decreased), and foot strike pattern (more plantarflexed ankle at initial contact).

Strategy for early selection for grain yield in soybean using BLUPIS.

In soybean breeding programs, a great deal of time is devoted to the use of methods that perform selection of individual plants during the initial generations. Our hypothesis is that BLUPIS (simulated individual BLUP) can be efficient when applied in the initial stages of soybean breeding programs. This study aimed to explore the potential of BLUPIS in the early generations of a soybean breeding program, as well as to assess the viability of the strategy of dividing the useful area of experimental plots for estimating genotypic effects and plant selection.

Cytotoxic properties of hydroalcoholic extract on androgen unresponsive prostate cancer cells.

Androgen independent phase in prostate cancer (PCa) commonly limits the therapeutic efficacy. through its main active compound, α-thujone, appears to be an option, considering its anti-proliferative, anti-metastatic and pro-apoptotic effects on hepatocellular carcinoma. However, studies on PCa are limited.

Case report: A complex variant mutation in exon 15 in a mixed-breed dog with hereditary myotonia.

At 4 months of age, a male dog was presented with a complaint of a stiff gait following a startle response. Neurological examination revealed no deficits, but clinical myotonia was easily induced upon requesting the patient to jump. Additionally, myotonia of the upper lip muscles was observed upon manipulation.

Disseminated Lichtheimia sp. Infection in a Buff-Headed Capuchin (Sapajus xanthosternos).

A clinicopathologic picture caused by Lichtheimia sp. in a 33-year-old male Sapajus xanthosternos kept in a conservationist center is described. Acute apathy, vomiting, fever, and polydipsia were associated with pneumonia, enteritis, and gastritis presenting fibrinoid vasculitis containing hyphae.

Safety and efficacy of moderate-intensity statin plus ezetimibe versus high-intensity statin monotherapy in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis.

Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), affects approximately 18.6 million individuals worldwide and poses a significant healthcare related challenge. Despite the established efficacy of both high-intensity statin monotherapy (HIS) and moderate-intensity statin plus ezetimibe (MIS+EZT) in ASCVD management, the optimal treatment strategy remains unclear.

Prophylactic mesh versus primary closure in emergency and elective surgeries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Purpose: Incisional hernia is one of the most common post-operative complications. Previous studies showed that prophylactic mesh placement in laparotomy closure is safe and reduces the incidence of incisional hernia. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis comparing post-operative complications after the use of prophylactic permanent mesh placement versus primary closure in patients undergoing elective or emergency laparotomies.

Effects of nanocapsules containing lumefantrine and artemether in an experimental model of cerebral malaria.

Background: Malaria, a tropical neglected disease, imposes a significant burden on global health, leading to the loss of thousands of lives annually. Its gold standard treatment is a combination therapy of lumefantrine (LUM) and artemether (ART). Nanotechnology holds significant potential for improving drug bioavailability and potency while reducing adverse effects.

Ocular outcomes of toxoplasmosis in the Amazon-Cerrado transition zone, Brazil: a population-based study.

Background: Eye damage represents one of the gravest outcomes of toxoplasmosis, potentially leading to varying degrees of vision impairment, up to and including blindness. Monitoring ophthalmological indicators in individuals affected by toxoplasmosis, alongside understanding its impact on visual acuity, can motivate the scientific community to advocate for strategies to prevent vision loss associated with toxoplasmosis.

Methods: This is a retrospective study analysing medical records and clinical documentation from patients at an ophthalmological clinic in a city located at the intersection of the Cerrado and Amazon Forest biomes.

Feasibility and reliability to assess the motor development of infants exposed to gestational COVID-19 using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale remotely.

The virus infection severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during pregnancy is a risk factor for developmental problems. Our objectives were to explore feasibility measures and verify the reliability of synchronously employing the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) remotely in infants with prenatal exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, we explored the motor performance of these infants relative to an unexposed normative sample.

Black Mulberry ( L.): A Review of Attributes as an Anticancer Agent to Encourage Pharmaceutical Development.

Recent considerations of natural sources as potential anticancer agents have arisen due to the origins of numerous drugs commonly used in chemotherapy. Plant-based drugs, in particular, have attracted attention for offering the advantage of low adverse effects. Among these, the black mulberry plant ( L.

The expression of contextual fear conditioning involves the dorsal hippocampus TRPV1 receptor interacting with the NMDA/NO/cGMP signalling pathway.

Background And Purpose: The dorsal hippocampus (dHIP) is pivotal for learning, memory, and defensive responses. Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) receptors in the dHIP modulate contextual fear conditioning by triggering a cascade involving glutamate release, nitric oxide (NO) formation and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production. The present study investigated the involvement of dHIP TRPV1 receptors and their interaction with the glutamate/NO/cGMP signalling pathway in modulating the expression of contextual fear conditioning (CFC).

Determination of Photosensitizing Potential of Lapachol for Photodynamic Inactivation of Bacteria.

Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) offers a promising alternative to combat drug-resistant bacteria. This study explores the potential of lapachol, a natural naphthoquinone derived from , as a photosensitizer (PS) for aPDI. Lapachol's photosensitizing properties were evaluated using and strains under blue LED light (450 nm).

Hidden diversity in anthropophilic sand flies of the Monticola Series (Diptera, Psychodidae).

The Monticola series comprises two anthropophilic and widely distributed species in Brazil: Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) monticola (Costa Lima, 1932) and Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) misionensis (Castro, 1959). They mainly occur in the Atlantic Rainforest, and it is known that Pi. monticola comprises at least two well-structured genetic lineages regarding a fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene.

Acute Chikungunya Infection Induces Vascular Dysfunction by Directly Disrupting Redox Signaling in Endothelial Cells.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection is characterized by febrile illness, severe joint pain, myalgia, and cardiovascular complications. Given that CHIKV stimulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, events that disrupt vascular homeostasis, we hypothesized that CHIKV induces arterial dysfunction by directly impacting redox-related mechanisms in vascular cells. Wild-type (WT) and iNOS (iNOS) mice were administered either CHIKV (1.