Data standardization of plant-pollinator interactions.

Background: Animal pollination is an important ecosystem function and service, ensuring both the integrity of natural systems and human well-being. Although many knowledge shortfalls remain, some high-quality data sets on biological interactions are now available. The development and adoption of standards for biodiversity data and metadata has promoted great advances in biological data sharing and aggregation, supporting large-scale studies and science-based public policies.

Unusual dimeric flavonoids (brachydins) induce ultrastructural membrane alterations associated with antitumor activity in cancer cell lines.

Notwithstanding the advances in molecular target-based drugs, chemotherapy remains the most common cancer treatment, despite its high toxicity. Consequently, effective anticancer therapies with fewer adverse effects are needed. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the anticancer activity of the dichloromethane fraction (DCMF) isolated from roots, whose components are three unusual dimeric flavonoids.

An Energy-Aware Task Scheduling for Quality-of-Service Assurance in Constellations of Nanosatellites.

When managing a constellation of nanosatellites, one may leverage this structure to improve the mission's quality-of-service (QoS) by optimally distributing the tasks during an orbit. In this sense, this research proposes an offline energy-aware task scheduling problem formulation regarding the specifics of constellations, by considering whether the tasks are individual, collective, or stimulated to be redundant. By providing such an optimization framework, the idea of estimating an offline task schedule can serve as a baseline for the constellation design phase.

The Antitumoral/Antimetastatic Action of the Flavonoid Brachydin A in Metastatic Prostate Tumor Spheroids In Vitro Is Mediated by (Parthanatos) PARP-Related Cell Death.

Metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) is resistant to several chemotherapeutic agents. Brachydin A (BrA), a glycosylated flavonoid extracted from , displays a remarkable antitumoral effect against in vitro mPCa cells cultured as bidimensional (2D) monolayers. Considering that three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures provide a more accurate response to chemotherapeutic agents, this study investigated the antiproliferative/antimetastatic effects of BrA and the molecular mechanisms underlying its action in mPCa spheroids (DU145) in vitro.

Food profile of Yanomami indigenous children aged 6 to 59 months from the Brazilian Amazon, according to the degree of food processing: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: The current study aimed to characterise the food profile of Yanomami indigenous children according to the degree of food processing and its associated factors.

Design: This is a cross-sectional study with Yanomami indigenous children aged 6 to 59 months. Socio-demographic, maternal and infant data were collected through a standardised questionnaire.

Primary Leiomyosarcoma of the Glans.

Penile leiomyosarcoma isz an extremely uncommon entity that rarely occurs in the glans. Due to the limited number of cases described in literature, guidelines regarding non-surgical treatment, prognosis, and management remain equivocal. Among the mesenchymal tumors of the penis, leiomyosarcoma has the highest propensity for recurrence.

Relationship between craniofacial and dental arch morphology with pharyngeal airway space in adolescents.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate a possible relationship between pharyngeal airway space, craniofacial variables, and dental arch form in adolescents grouped by sex.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 108 adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were used to analyze sagittal craniofacial variables and the pharyngeal airway space.

Diagnostic Classification of Cases of Canine Leishmaniasis Using Machine Learning.

Proposal techniques that reduce financial costs in the diagnosis and treatment of animal diseases are welcome. This work uses some machine learning techniques to classify whether or not cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis are present by physical examinations. For validation of the method, four machine learning models were chosen: K-nearest neighbor, Naïve Bayes, support vector machine and logistic regression models.

Impact of *28 Variant on Tacrolimus Pharmacokinetics in Kidney Transplant Patients with Different Genotypes.

Background: The introduction of tacrolimus (TAC) to clinical practice was essential to the establishment of transplantation as a therapy for patients with chronic renal disease. However, the higher interindividual variation of TAC metabolism has been an important limiting factor for its clinical use. Although the relationship between CYP3A5 polymorphisms and TAC pharmacokinetics (PK) is well established, the effects of other genetic variants on TAC metabolism, such as POR*28, still remain uncertain.

Higher education students' achievement emotions and their antecedents in e-learning amid COVID-19 pandemic: A multi-country survey.

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has had a wide range of negative consequences for higher education students. We explored the generalizability of the control-value theory of achievement emotions for e-learning, focusing on their antecedents. We involved 17019 higher education students from 13 countries, who completed an online survey during the first wave of the pandemic.

Effects of Dietary Babassu Oil or Buriti Oil on Nutrient Intake and Total Tract Digestibility, and Abomasal Digesta Fatty Acid Profile of Lambs.

Our current understanding of the effect of medium-chain FA (MCFA) rich vegetable oils on ruminant nutrition is limited. We assessed the effects of babassu or buriti oil addition to the diet of lambs on intake, nutrient digestibility, FA profile of abomasal digesta content and biohydrogenation (BH) patterns in digestion. The experimental diets were defined by the addition of babassu oil or buriti oil to the diet, as follows: (1) non-supplemented diet (CON); (2) 40 g/kg of babassu oil (BAO, rich in C12:0); and (3) 40 g/kg of buriti oil (BUO, rich in 9 18:1), on a dry matter (DM) basis.

Radiopharmacokinetics of Graphene Quantum Dots Nanoparticles : Comparing the Pharmacokinetics Parameters in Long and Short Periods.

Background: Nanoparticles (NPs) have gained great importance during the last decades for developing new therapeutics with improved outcomes for biomedical applications due to their nanoscale size, surface properties, loading capacity, controlled drug release, and distribution. Among the carbon-based nanomaterials, one of the most biocompatible forms of graphene is graphene quantum dots (GQDs). GQDs are obtained by converting 2D graphene into zero-dimensional graphene nanosheets.

Investigation of the combustion process of fish scales from Northeast Brazil in a drop tube furnace (DTF).

The waste generated by the global fishing industry, such as fish scales, is mostly considered useless and discarded in a disorderly and/or unplanned way in inappropriate places, posing serious risks to both the environment and human health. This study proposes the use of fish scales in combustion processes as an alternative for such residues and to avoid their exposure in urban areas. Combustion experiments were conducted in a drop tube furnace (DTF), and the factors temperature, residence time, and sample particle size were investigated.

The relationship between chikungunya virus and the kidneys: A scoping review.

Several atypical forms of chikungunya fever (CHIK) have been described, including neurological, cardiac and renal involvement. These forms may be related to high morbidity and mortality rates. This scoping review based on the PubMed, Scopus, and WOS databases aims to identify and summarise all the available evidence regarding the clinical and histopathological presentations and risk factors associated with kidney injury related to CHIK, as well as the clinical impact.

Discrimination of secondary hypsarrhythmias to Zika virus congenital syndrome and west syndrome based on joint moments and entropy measurements.

Hypsarrhythmia is a specific chaotic morphology, present in the interictal period of the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal in patients with West Syndrome (WS), a severe form of childhood epilepsy and that, recently, was also identified in the examinations of patients with Zika Virus Congenital Syndrome (ZVCS). This innovative work proposes the development of a computational methodology for analysis and differentiation, based on the time-frequency domain, between the chaotic pattern of WS and ZVCS hypsarrhythmia. The EEG signal time-frequency analysis is carried out from the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT).

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Fluoride toothpastes market to children should contain a minimum concentration of 1000 ppm of fluoride (F), which must be chemically soluble to provide anti-caries effect. Therefore, we determined the concentrations of total fluoride (TF) and total soluble fluoride (TSF) in toothpastes marketed to children in Brazil and Mexico and analyzed the current regulations in force in both countries. Twenty-four brands were found and purchased in Brazil (19 formulated with NaF/SiO2, three with Na2FPO3/CaCO3 and two with Na2FPO3/SiO2) and six in Mexico (all with NaF/SiO2).

Raman spectroscopy and sciatic functional index (SFI) after low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in a rat sciatic nerve crush injury model.

Axonotmesis causes sensorimotor and neurofunctional deficits, and its regeneration can occur slowly or not occur if not treated appropriately. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) promotes nerve regeneration with the proliferation of myelinating Schwann cells to recover the myelin sheath and the production of glycoproteins for endoneurium reconstruction. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of LLLT on sciatic nerve regeneration after compression injury by means of the sciatic functional index (SFI) and Raman spectroscopy (RS).

Expression of LncRNAs in HPV-induced Carcinogenesis and Cancer Cachexia: A Study in K14-HPV16 Mice.

Aim: To evaluate the expression of lincRNA-p21, H19, EMX2OS, SNHG12 and MALAT1 in a mouse model of human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16)-induced carcinogenesis and cachexia.

Materials And Methods: Chest skin, ear, tongue, penis and gastrocnemius muscle samples from wild-type mice (HPV-) and K14-HPV16 male mice (HPV+) were collected to evaluate the expression of the selected lncRNAs using real-time PCR (qPCR).

Results: In chest skin and ear, H19, SNHG12, EMX2OS and lincRNA-p21 were down-regulated in HPV+ versus HPV- mice.

New Insights into Hemolytic Anemias: Ultrastructural and Nanomechanical Investigation of Red Blood Cells Showed Early Morphological Changes.

Several diseases are characterized by changes in the mechanical properties of erythrocytes. Hemolytic anemias are an example of these diseases. Among the hemolytic anemias, Sickle Cell Disease and Thalassemia are the most common, characterized by alterations in the structure of their hemoglobin.

Radiolabeled nanomaterials for biomedical applications: radiopharmacy in the era of nanotechnology.

Background: Recent advances in nanotechnology have offered new hope for cancer detection, prevention, and treatment. Nanomedicine, a term for the application of nanotechnology in medical and health fields, uses nanoparticles for several applications such as imaging, diagnostic, targeted cancer therapy, drug and gene delivery, tissue engineering, and theranostics.

Results: Here, we overview the current state-of-the-art of radiolabeled nanoparticles for molecular imaging and radionuclide therapy.

Early weaning and family characteristics are associated with greater sodium intake in children between 13 and 35 months: BRISA birth cohort.

Children are consuming less healthy foods, and this eating behaviour exposes the child to greater Na intake. The association between family, maternal and child characteristics with Na intake by children aged 13-35 months was evaluated. A study carried out with retrospective data on 1,185 children from the Brisa cohort.

The perinatal epidemiology of child and adolescent marriage in Brazil, 2011-2018.

Brazil is one of the top contributors of girl child marriages in the world and one of the United Nations' members that committed to end child marriage by 2030 as part of the Sustainable Development Goals. Child marriage is an indicator of gender inequality associated with poor health outcomes. However, the perinatal epidemiology of minor mothers (<18 years) according to marital status has been insufficiently studied.