Analysis of delayed cerebral ischemia incidence after treatment for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in young adults: A cohort study.

Background: This study aimed to analyze the incidence of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and outcome stratified by age in patients who suffered aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Methods: A cohort study with patients from Christ the Redeemer Hospital from 2014 to 2020, with 359 patients separated into 2 groups, 48 of them aged under 40 years and 311 aged 40 years or over.

Results: In patients under 40 years of age, DCI was found in 81.

Association between healthy dietary pattern and common mental disorders in women: a cross-sectional population-based study.

Objectives: Scientific evidence suggests an association between diet quality and the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) in women. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between a healthy dietary pattern and CMD among women.

Methods: A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted on a representative sample of 1128 women, aged 20-69 years, residing in the urban area of São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil.

Nutritional Counseling Based on Mindful Eating for the Eating Behavior of People Living with Overweight and Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a counseling approach based on Mindful Eating on the eating behavior of individuals living with overweight and obesity.

Methods: A 16-week randomized clinical trial was conducted to compare an online group intervention (IG) with individual online nutritional counseling (TAU). Volunteers ( = 61), aged 18 or older with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m, were randomly assigned to the two groups and invited to participate in eight biweekly sessions.

Adenosinergic Signalling in Cervical Cancer Microenvironment.

Despite the emergence of the first human papillomavirus vaccine, the incidence of cervical cancer is still responsible for more than 350,000 deaths yearly. Over the past decade, ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73/5'-NT) and extracellular adenosine (ADO) signalling has been the subject of many investigations to target cancer progression. In general, the adenosinergic axis has been linked to tumourigenic effects.

Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae among Brazilian children: Interplay with viral co-infection.

Nasopharyngeal transmission of Streptococcus pneumoniae is a prerequisite for the development of pneumococcal diseases. Previous studies have reported a relationship between respiratory viruses and S. pneumoniae infections.

Quality indicators for urine sample contamination: can squamous epithelial cells and bacteria count be used to identify properly collected samples?

Objectives: To evaluate urinalysis parameters useful for identifying mixed cultures in urine culture using an automated urinary particle analyzer to assess quality indicators (QIs) for urine sample contamination.

Methods: A retrospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted with 2,527 urine samples from patients of a quaternary hospital in Brazil. Urine samples were processed simultaneously in Sysmex UF-5000 flow cytometry analyzer (urinalysis) and MALDI-TOF (culture).

Bovine bone-based activated carbon composite containing nanomagnetite as a catalyst for photo-Fenton reactions.

Magnetic composites (MC) prepared from magnetite nanoparticles (MNP) and activated carbon from bovine bone (AC) in different proportions (75/25, 50/50, and 25/75) were used as catalysts in the photo-Fenton process to degrade methylene blue (MB) in aqueous solution. The materials were prepared by the citrate-nitrate sol-gel synthesis method and used as catalysts in the photo-Fenton process. The photocatalytic tests were performed in a cylindrical reactor with a 4.

Comparing pulsed field ablation with very high-power and high-power short-duration radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Catheter ablation is a key treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF), with high-power, very high-power short-duration and pulsed field ablation (PFA) being efficient options. However, direct comparisons between these techniques are lacking.

Objective: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis, which included predominantly observational studies (four retrospective and one prospective study), to compare PFA and High-power short-duration (HPSD) and very high-power short-duration (vHPSD) radiofrequency (RF) ablation in patients with AF.

Correction: Sebro et al. Implementation of Antigen-Based Diagnostic Assays for Detection of Histoplasmosis and Cryptococcosis among Patients with Advanced HIV in Trinidad and Tobago: A Cross-Sectional Study. 2024, , 695.

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Design for People With Dementia: A Scoping Review on the Perspective of Inclusion, Accessibility, and Equity in Healthcare.

We explored the literature on the use of design in dementia care and the relationships with inclusion, accessibility, and equity in the past decade. A body of research indicates the importance of studies that focus on a person-centered approach, with a direct potential to impact the quality of life of people with dementia through inclusion, accessibility, and equity. Although there is a growing presence of the literature on design approaches in dementia care settings, there is a need to integrate these findings for a better understanding of the progress in this field.

Barriers and facilitators for preventing mother-to-child transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi and hepatitis B in the Gran Chaco region: a qualitative analysis using the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR).

Background: Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of Trypanosoma cruzi and hepatitis B virus (HBV) increases morbidity and disability in Latin America and the Caribbean. The tailormade comprehensive antenatal care based on the Framework for the elimination of MTCT of HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B virus (HBV), and Chagas disease (EMTCT Plus) has been implemented in the region since 2018 through a private-public partnership. This study aimed to estimate the effectiveness of the intervention in preparing MTCT of T.

Assessment of residual gastric volume by ultrasound prior to upper endoscopy: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: Pulmonary aspiration is an adverse event with high morbidity and mortality. Despite fasting for > 8 hr, some patients still have residual gastric volume and are thus at risk of aspiration. We aimed to determine the accuracy of gastric ultrasound in assessing residual gastric content in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Association of Body Image Perception / (Dis)Satisfaction and Symptoms of Eating Disorders in University Students of Health Sciences.

We aimed to investigate the association of body image perception / (dis)satisfaction with eating disorders symptoms. We conducted a cross-sectional university-based study with 534 students, aged 18 years or older, from a federal higher education institution specializing in health sciences and located in Southern Brazil in 2023. We evaluated eating disorder symptoms using the Brazilian version of the SCOFF screening tool (≥2 symptoms) and body image using a silhouette scale developed for Brazilian adults.

Performance of urine Xpert MTB/RIF ultra in a tuberculosis screening strategy in hospitalized patients with advanced HIV disease: Results from an implementation initiative in Brazil.

Objectives: To evaluate the performance of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra testing in urine samples as part of a TB screening strategy in patients with advanced HIV disease (AHD).

Methods: We conducted a multicentre prospective cohort study across three HIV reference hospitals in Brazil, between January and December 2023. The study included adult hospitalized patients with AHD, defined by a CD4 count of <200 cells/μL in the last 3 months or clinical presentation suggestive of opportunistic infection, without effective antiretroviral treatment.

Urges to move and struggles to breathe: restless legs syndrome/WillisEkbom disease in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Purpose: Recent evidences pointed out that the prevalence of comorbidity of restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease (RLS/WED) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is around 20%. Nonetheless its association factors have not been extensively evaluated after the recent modification in diagnostic criteria. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of RLS/WED and its association factors with OSA in an adult sample.

Effects of maturity status on the rate of torque development in young male soccer players.

Background: The rate of torque development (RTD) has been associated with sports performance and can be improved during the biological maturation process of young soccer players. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of maturity status on the knee extensors' RTD of soccer players after appropriate normalization.

Methods: Twenty-seven young male soccer players aged 13-18 years old were allocated into two groups: pubescent (PUB, n = 11) and postpubescent (POSP, n = 16).

Experiences and perspectives on rapid-test diagnosis of tuberculosis, histoplasmosis and cryptococcosis in people with advanced HIV/AIDS disease in Porto Alegre, Brazil.

The rapid diagnosis of opportunistic infections (OIs) is critical for improving the health outcomes of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). This study aimed to describe the feasibility of implementing a package for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis, histoplasmosis, and cryptococcosis in patients with advanced HIV/AIDS disease in Porto Alegre, Brazil. The research involved two focus groups with health professionals, four in-depth interviews with healthcare managers, and twelve interviews with PLWHA.

Factors associated with loneliness in Latin-American family care partners during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: COVID-19-related restrictions led to an increase in overall loneliness and social isolation. Before the pandemic, care partners reported higher levels of loneliness and higher loneliness prevalence compared to non-care partners. Because of the spread and severity of the infections, and the access to support spread, we expect a different impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on LATAM care partners.

Sustainable Intervention: Grape Pomace Flour Ameliorates Fasting Glucose and Mitigates Streptozotocin-Induced Pancreatic Damage in a Type 2 Diabetes Animal Model.

: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by hyperglycemia, increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, and oxidative imbalances. This study aimed to investigate the impact of dietary supplementations with 'Arinto' grape pomace flour (GPF) (WGPF) and 'Touriga Nacional' GPF (RGPF) in an animal model of T2DM. : T2DM was induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) for 28 days and a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (35 mg/kg) on the 21st day.

Effects of training protocols on dancers' balance: A systematic review.

Background: Balance is an essential skill for dancers, it helps reduce the risk of injury, and is related to quality of performance. This systematic review aims to investigate the effects of training protocols on the balance of dancers when compared to control groups.

Methods: Interventional studies, published until January 2023, assessing balance in all levels of ballet, modern, and contemporary dancers were identified in the PubMed, Cochrane, Lilacs, Scielo, Embase, and SPORTDiscus databases.

The impact of resistance training in patients diagnosed with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a systematic review.

Resistance training, as a modality of physical exercise, has been recognized as a fundamental pillar in the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Current reviews, however, have not given due priority to the specific effects of this type of training on hepatic and clinical markers in individuals with MASLD. This study aimed to compile the available evidence on the impact of resistance training on hepatic and clinical parameters in individuals diagnosed with MASLD.

Sarcopenia screening and clinical outcomes in surgical patients: A longitudinal study.

Background: The SARC-CalF was developed as a screening tool for sarcopenia, but little is still known about its validity in surgical patients. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prognostic value of SARC-CalF in predicting clinical outcomes in patients admitted for any elective surgery in a hospital.

Methods: Cohort study with prospective data collection of surgical patients ≥18 years of age screened for sarcopenia within 48 h of admission using the SARC-CalF (score ≥11 points classified patients at suggestive signs of sarcopenia).

Brewer's spent grain as a potential sorbent for toxicology methods: Application to antidepressant analysis in urine.

The use of antidepressants is well-documented for several health conditions. The determination of these drugs in biological fluids is often important in intoxication cases. However, appropriate sample preparation needs to be employed, such as dispersive liquid phase microextraction (DSPME).