The Frequency of c.557A>G in the Dominican Population and Its Association with African Ancestry.

Genetic polymorphism of the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene () is responsible for the variability found in the metabolism of fluoropyrimidines such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), capecitabine, or tegafur. The genotype is linked to variability in enzyme activity, 5-FU elimination, and toxicity. Approximately 10-40% of patients treated with fluoropyrimidines develop severe toxicity.

Magnetite Nanoparticles Encapsulated with PBS-PEG for AMF Hyperthermia.

Novel studies on typical synthesized magnetite nanoparticles were encapsulated into a poly (butylene succinate)/poly (ethylene glycol) copolymer (PBS-PEG). PBS was chosen because of its biocompatibility characteristics necessary for biomedical applications. PEG, as part of the macromolecular structure, increases the hybrid system's solubility in an aqueous environment, increasing the circulation time of the material in the bloodstream.

Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Neutrophils and Their Location in Canine Mammary Neoplasms with a Solid Arrangement: A Prognostic Factor?

In canine mammary neoplasms, greater inflammation is associated with higher histological grade, lymphatic invasion, and metastases. This retrospective study assessed the density of peri- and intratumoral tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), and CD3 and CD79 lymphocytes in canine mammary neoplasms with a solid arrangement, and associated such data with histological types, immunophenotype, prognostic factors, cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) expression and overall and cancer-specific survival. Sixty-one neoplasms with a solid arrangement were classified as malignant myoepitheliomas (6/9.

Enhancing Post-Training Muscle Recovery and Strength in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes with Cold-Water Immersion, a Cross-Sectional Study.

(1) Background: The recovery method is important and decisive in the training system. This study aimed to assess the effects of various post-training recovery methods on muscle damage and strength indicators in Paralympic powerlifting athletes. (2) Methods: A crossover study was conducted involving eleven male athletes (25.

Endocrine Disruptors Chemicals: Impacts of Bisphenol A, Tributyltin and Lead on Thyroid Function.

The large-scale industrial production characteristic of the last century led to an increase in man-made compounds and mobilization of natural compounds, many of which can accumulate in the environment and organisms due to their bioaccumulation and biomagnification properties. The endocrine system is especially vulnerable to these compounds that are known as endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDCs). Thyroid hormones (THs) are essential for normal development and growth, besides being the main regulators of basal metabolic rate.

Anabolic-androgen steroids: A possible independent risk factor to cardiovascular, kidney and metabolic syndrome.

Millions of individuals make illicit use of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS), remaining a public health issue. It often leads to detrimental effects, including cardiovascular and renal diseases, besides hormonal and metabolic imbalances. The objective of this review is to emphasize the contribution of oxidative stress and inflammation to these effects and connect the findings of experimental animal studies with the alterations found in clinical contexts, in AAS users.

Optimizing Muscle Performance in Young Soccer Players: Exploring the Impact of Resisted Sprint Training and Its Relationship with Distance Covered.

Background: Speed training with resisted sprints has been shown to positively affect neuromuscular performance in soccer players. Various loads, ranging from 10% to 120% of body mass, have demonstrated performance improvements across the spectrum. However, the impact of sprint distance with optimal load on these adaptive responses has yet to be thoroughly described.

Validation of the Portuguese version of the Movement Disorder Society non-motor rating scale (MDS-NMS) in Parkinson's disease.

Background: The Movement Disorder Society Non-Motor Rating Scale (MDS-NMS) serves as a comprehensive clinical assessment tool for non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) OBJECTIVES: This study aims to validate the Portuguese version of the MDS-NMS, addressing the critical need for culturally adapted rating scales in Portuguese-speaking populations.

Methods: This multicenter, cross-sectional study engaged native Portuguese-speaking PD patients from 16 Movement Disorders Centers across Portugal and Brazil. We conducted a meticulous translation process into Portuguese, including forward-backward translation and cognitive pretesting.

Off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery (OPCAB) has been suggested as superior to on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery (ONCAB) in certain high-risk subgroups, but its benefit in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate OPCAB versus ONCAB outcomes in COPD patients.

Methods: We followed PRISMA guidelines and searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library in August 2024 for studies comparing OPCAB and ONCAB in COPD patients.

New spirometry recommendations from the Brazilian Thoracic Association - 2024 update.

The latest pulmonary function guideline from the Brazilian Thoracic Association was published in 2002, since which there have been updates to international guidelines (mainly those from the European Respiratory Society and the American Thoracic Society), as well as new national and international publications on various aspects of the performance, interpretation, and clinical implications of spirometry. Despite those updates, a careful analysis of what applies to the reality in Brazil is essential, because there have been studies that evaluated individuals who are representative of our population and who could show responses different from those of individuals in other regions of the world. This document is the result of the work of a group of specialists in pulmonary function who evaluated relevant scientific articles that could be applicable to the population of Brazil.

Detection and distinction of amino acids and post-translational modifications with gold nanojunctions.

Amino acids are fundamental building blocks of proteins, playing critical roles in medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and biomarker identification. The development of nanoscale electronic sensors capable of single-amino-acid recognition has gained significant attention due to their potential for label-free, real-time detection. In this study, we investigate the electronic transport properties of amino acids in two gold-based nanodevices with distinct architectures: a gold nanojunction and a gold-capacitor system.

Risk of sarcopenia: A red flag for cognitive decline in postmenopause?

Objective: To determine if the SARC-F tool, used to screen for sarcopenia risk, can also predict mild cognitive impairment (MCI) diagnosed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) tool.

Methods: This is a sub-analysis of data from a cross-sectional study carried out in postmenopausal women from Latin America (nine countries) in which sociodemographic, clinical, and anthropometric data were collected, and the SARC-F and MoCA tools administered. From the original sample of 1185 women, analysis was performed only among the 772 with natural menopause.

Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection over two epidemic waves in Manaus, Brazil: A serological study of seven thousand blood donors.

Background: Most longitudinal studies of COVID-19 incidence have used unlinked samples. The city of Manaus, Brazil, has a blood donation program which allows sample linkage, and was struck by two large COVID-19 epidemic waves between mid-2020 and early 2021.

Methods: We estimated the changing force of infection, i.

Impact of crack cocaine on salivary nucleic acids, enzymes, esters, and lipids: A fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy study.

Objective: This study aims to analyze saliva composition in crack users using vibrational spectroscopy.

Material And Methods: A total of 90 participants were meticulously selected and divided into three groups, each comprising 30 individuals. All participants met the criterion of having no observable clinical changes in the oral mucosa.

Population size, income and poor sanitation interact to explain widespread streamwater contamination by antidepressants in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo.

The expansion of urban settlements over native environments may expose biodiversity to a host of emerging contaminants, with unintended ecological effects. This study evaluated patterns of contamination of streamwater by antidepressants in the Upper Tietê River Basin, a watershed of high social, economic and environmental relevance for comprising both the largest urban settlement in South America (the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo) and remnants of a globally important biodiversity hotspot (the Atlantic Rainforest). We sampled 53 third-order streams draining catchments regularly distributed across a gradient in urban cover.

Nutritional Status of Patients with Neoplasms Undergoing Ambulatory Chemotherapy and Associated Factors.

Background/objectives: Cancer, a leading cause of mortality globally and in Brazil, is influenced by environmental and behavioral factors, often linked to nutritional deficiencies such as low body mass index and muscle wasting, exacerbating prognostic outcomes and mortality rates. Timely nutritional interventions during chemotherapy are pivotal, necessitating continuous nutritional assessment for effective patient care management. This study aimed to assess the nutritional status of non-metastatic cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and identify factors influencing their nutritional status.

Evaluation of Peri-Implantitis through Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy on Saliva.

Background: Peri-implantitis is characterized as a pathological change in the tissues around dental implants. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) provides molecular information from optical phenomena observed by the vibration of molecules, which is used in biological studies to characterize changes and serves as a form of diagnosis.

Aims: this case-control study evaluated the peri-implant disease by using FTIR spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance in the fingerprint region.

Childhood family adversities and recurrence of depression in adulthood: finds of three ELSA-Brasil visits.

Objective: To investigate the association between family adversities in childhood and depression in three follow-up visits of a cohort of Brazilian adults.

Methods: A total of 12,636 participants from the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), who attended three interview/examination visits (2008-2010, 2012-2014, and 2017-2019), were included. Five family dysfunctions and the childhood family dysfunction score (0, 1, and 2+ dysfunctions) were used.

Genetic characterization of paternal lineages by Y-STR in three sample populations in Northeastern Brazil.

Genetic markers of the Y chromosome are powerful tools for investigating paternal ancestry and are widely used in population and forensic genetics. However, in order to obtain statistics with a higher degree of certainty using these markers, it is necessary to obtain haplotypic frequencies from a representative database, as well as knowing the diversity and structure of the population. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity of a sample of 1114 unrelated men from three states in the Northeast of Brazil: Paraíba, Pernambuco and Ceará, through the analysis of 23 Y-STRs and to contribute to the expansion of the Brazilian database on these markers.

Neck circumference cutoff point as a predictor of metabolic syndrome in Brazilian rural workers.

Neck circumference (NC) is a predictive measure for the diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome (MS). The aim of the present study was to establish cutoff points for NC as a predictor of the presence of MS in Brazilian rural workers, based on the MS components according to the IDF and NCEP-ATP III criteria. This is a cross-sectional study carried out with rural workers in the municipality of Santa Maria de Jetibá, in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil.

Generational Differences in Self-Esteem and Vocal Perception Among Brazilian Gay Men.

Introduction: Self-esteem and vocal perception are central aspects of identity and self-presentation, particularly within marginalized communities where voice and self-concept can be deeply intertwined with social acceptance and cultural dynamics. Among Brazilian gay men, generational differences in these areas may reflect broader social changes, shifts in stigma, and evolving notions of masculinity. This study aims to explore these differences, examining how self-esteem and self-assessed vocal descriptions vary across generations, thereby shedding light on specific needs and areas for potential support within these communities.

Modulating the p53-MDM2 pathway: the therapeutic potential of natural compounds in cancer treatment.

The p53-MDM2 pathway plays a crucial role regulating tumor suppression and is a focal point of cancer research. This literature review delves into the complex interplay between the tumor suppressor protein p53 and its main regulator MDM2, highlighting their interaction and implications in cancer development and progression. The review compiles and summarizes the existing understanding of the biology and regulation of p53 and MDM2, emphasizing their roles in various cellular processes, including cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, apoptosis, and metabolism.

Cost-of-illness analysis of chronic urticaria clinical management in five countries of Latin America.

Introduction: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a disease with a high impact on the quality of life of patients. There are some evaluations of the economic cost of the disease in developed countries, but there is little information about the economic cost of the disease in developing countries. Our aim was to assess the economic diagnostic and therapeutic expenses of CSU in five Latin American (LA) countries.

The presence of sexed sperm in bovine oviduct epithelial cells alters the protein profile related to stress and immune response.

Although sperm sexing technology has progressed considerably in the last decade, there are still challenges to fully understand the reason for the low fertility of sexed sperm. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of sexed and non-sexed sperm on the proteome of bovine oviduct epithelial cells (BOECs). Semen from six Nellore bulls was used and one ejaculate from each bull was collected and separated into three fractions: non-sexed, sexed for X-sperm and sexed for Y-sperm.