Analysis of functional connectivity using machine learning and deep learning in different data modalities from individuals with schizophrenia.

(SCZ) is a severe mental disorder associated with persistent or recurrent psychosis, hallucinations, delusions, and thought disorders that affect approximately 26 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization. Several studies encompass machine learning (ML) and deep learning algorithms to automate the diagnosis of this mental disorder. Others study SCZ brain networks to get new insights into the dynamics of information processing in individuals suffering from the condition.

Lactic acid bacteria secreted proteins as potential Listeria monocytogenes quorum sensing inhibitors.

Listeria monocytogenes is an important human and animal pathogen able to cause an infection named listeriosis and is mainly transmitted through contaminated food. Among its virulence traits, the ability to form biofilms and to survive in harsh environments stand out and lead to the persistence of L. monocytogenes for long periods in food processing environments.

Polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride as promising active ingredient for oral antiseptic products to eliminate microorganisms threatening the health of endangered wild cats: a comparative study with chlorhexidine digluconate.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of polyhexamethylene hydrochloride guanidine (PHMGH) compared to chlorhexidine digluconate (CLX) for use as an oral antiseptic during dental procedures in wild cats. This research is crucial due to limited information on the diversity of oral microorganisms in wild cats and the detrimental local and systemic effects of oral diseases, which highlights the importance of improving prevention and treatment strategies. Samples were collected from the oral cavities of four Puma concolor, one Panthera onca, and one Panthera leo, and the number of colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) was counted and semi-automatically identified.

Transcriptome Analysis Identifies the Crosstalk between Dendritic and Natural Killer Cells in Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.

Skin ulcers of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are characterized by a localized inflammatory response mediated by innate and adaptive immune cells, including dendritic cells (DC) and natural killer (NK) cells. Bidirectional interactions between DCs and NK cells contribute to tailor leishmaniasis outcome. Despite advances in the biology field in recent decades, the mechanisms involved in DC/NK-mediated control of sp.

Hypoglycaemia management with a hypercaloric supplementation in neonatal puppies delivered by caesarean section.

There is a high perinatal mortality rate in dogs, estimated at 20%, and one of the leading causes of this rate is hypoglycaemia. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a hypercaloric supplement containing vitamins and amino acids in newborn puppies presenting hypoglycaemia at birth. Ninety-nine pups were divided into four groups: normoglycaemic caesarean section (NORMOCS), hypoglycaemic caesarean section supplemented with the hypercaloric (SUPLCS), hypoglycaemic caesarean section supplemented with glucose (GLICCS) and eutocic delivery (EUT).

Model Choice for Quantitative Health Impact Assessment and Modelling: An Expert Consultation and Narrative Literature Review.

Background: Health impact assessment (HIA) is a widely used process that aims to identify the health impacts, positive or negative, of a policy or intervention that is not necessarily placed in the health sector. Most HIAs are done prospectively and aim to forecast expected health impacts under assumed policy implementation. HIAs may quantitatively and/ or qualitatively assess health impacts, with this study focusing on the former.

Cesarean sections and early-term births according to Robson classification: a population-based study with more than 17 million births in Brazil.

Background: Cesarean section (CS) rates are increasing worldwide and are associated with negative maternal and child health outcomes when performed without medical indication. However, there is still limited knowledge about the association between high CS rates and early-term births. This study explored the association between CSs and early-term births according to the Robson classification.

The effects of social determinants of health on acquired immune deficiency syndrome in a low-income population of Brazil: a retrospective cohort study of 28.3 million individuals.

Background: Social determinants of health (SDH) include factors such as income, education, and race, that could significantly affect the human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Studies on the effects of SDH on HIV/AIDS are limited, and do not yet provide a systematic understanding of how the various SDH act on important indicators of HIV/AIDS progression. We aimed to evaluate the effects of SDH on AIDS morbidity and mortality.

Modeling and Simulation as a Tool to Assess Voriconazole Exposure in the Central Nervous System.

Voriconazole is a triazole antifungal used empirically for the treatment of complicated meningitis associated with . Biopsy studies show that the drug exhibits adequate brain penetration although levels of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) are highly variable. Considering that CSF is one of the main surrogates for CNS exposure, the present work proposed the building of a population pharmacokinetic modeling (popPK) model able to describing the exposure achieved by voriconazole in the plasma, interstitial cerebral fluid and CSF of healthy and infected rats.

Multidisciplinary management of people with spina bifida across the lifespan.

The average worldwide prevalence of neural tube defects (NTDs) is 1.0 per 1000 births. Its development is multifactorial due to genetic and non-genetic factors.

Effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on the management of pain intensity and disability in plantar fasciitis: systematic review and meta-analysis.

To review the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on pain intensity and disability in people with plantar fasciitis (PF) when compared with control conditions, other interventions, and adjunct therapies. Systematic searches were conducted in five database randomized controlled trials (RCT). We only included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adults with PF that compared PBMT to placebo, as well as RCTs that compared PBMT to other interventions; and as an adjunct to other therapies.

New weapons against the disease vector Aedes aegypti: From natural products to nanoparticles.

Despite the global burden of viral diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti, there is a lack of effective means of prevention and treatment. Strategies for vector control include chemical and biological approaches such as organophosphates and Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti), among others.

Mortality, health-related quality of life, and depression symptoms in younger and older men and women undergoing hemodialysis.

Background And Objective: Some studies on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients report a longer survival, albeit with poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and more depression symptoms in women than in men. Whether these gender differences vary with age is uncertain. We tested the associations of gender with mortality, depression symptoms, and HRQoL in MHD patients of different age groups.

Occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Brazilian veterinary hospital environment.

Antimicrobial resistance is a threat to public health. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus represents a priority for the implementation of preventive measures. The objective was to isolate S.

Effect of the racial group and body condition score at calving on production performance and metabolic profile of buffaloes during the transition period.

This study evaluated the body condition score (BCS) at calving and breed (B) effects on milk composition, yield, performance, physiological parameters, hemogram, blood metabolites, and urinary metabolites in the transition and early lactation periods of Mediterranean (MED) and Murrah (MUR) buffaloes. Twenty MED and fifteen MUR buffaloes were distributed into four experimental treatments, in a completely randomized design, considering their racial groups and BCS (LBCS = low; HBCS = high): LBCS MED (N = 9); HBCS MED (N = 11); LBCS MUR (N = 8); HBCS MUR (N = 7). Animals were monitored during the last 21 days of gestation and first 56 days postpartum and kept under the same management and feeding conditions.

Neourethra creation using autologous vascularized intestinal graft in cats.

The objective of this study was to assess the application of a urethrostomy technique that utilizes an autologous vascularized intestinal graft as a "neourethra" and to analyze its short- and long-term feasibilities. Six cats with urethral rupture and 8 cats with urethral stricture and a history of urethrostomy were included. The inclusion criteria were the indication for urethroplasty and limited urethral length for perineal urethrostomy.

Molecular Multi-Target Approach for Human Acetylcholinesterase, Butyrylcholinesterase and -Secretase 1: Next Generation for Alzheimer's Disease Treatment.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by progressive memory loss and other affected cognitive functions. Pharmacological therapy of AD relies on inhibitors of the enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), offering only a palliative effect and being incapable of stopping or reversing the neurodegenerative process. However, recent studies have shown that inhibiting the enzyme β-secretase 1 (BACE-1) may be able to stop neurodegeneration, making it a promising target.

Oxidative stress induced by Pollonein-LAAO, a new L-amino acid oxidase from Bothrops moojeni venom, prompts prostate tumor spheroid cell death and impairs the cellular invasion process in vitro.

Cancer cells produce abnormal levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that contribute to promote their malignant phenotype. In this framework, we hypothesized that the change in ROS concentration above threshold could impair key events of prostate cancer cells (PC-3) progression. Our results demonstrated that Pollonein-LAAO, a new L-amino acid oxidase obtained from Bothrops moojeni venom, was cytotoxic to PC-3 cells in two-dimensional and in tumor spheroid assays.

Physicochemical, Rheological, and Nutritional Quality of Artisanal Fermented Milk Beverages with Cupuassu () Pulp and Flour.

The use of fruits and their by-products in food has dramatically impacted the food industry due to the nutritional benefits and the technological and sensory effects of food matrices. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the effects of adding cupuassu () pulp and flour on fermented milk beverages' physicochemical, microbial, and sensory properties during refrigerated storage (0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days). Twelve formulations were realized with different percentages of cupuassu pulp (0, 5, 7.

Antibacterial activity of barbatimão (Stryphnodendron adstringens) against periodontopathogens and cytotoxic effects on fibroblasts.

This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the growth-inhibitory effects against periodontal disease-causing bacteria and cytotoxic effects against mouse fibroblast cells of the Stryphnodendron adstringens (barbatimão) hydroalcoholic extract. The contents of phenols and tannins in the extract were determined. The growth-inhibitory activity of the barbatimão was evaluated by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC).