Computational and Preclinical Prediction of the Antimicrobial Properties of an Agent Isolated from : A Novel DNA Gyrase Inhibitor.

The African nutmeg () is a medically useful plant. We, herein, aimed to critically examine whether bioactive compounds identified in the extracted oil of could act as antimicrobial agents. To this end, we employed the Schrödinger platform as the computational tool to screen bioactive compounds identified in the oil of .

Cultural Practices and Adoption of National Family Planning Communication Campaigns on Select Ethnic Groups in Nigeria.

This study evaluated the extent to which married Idoma (Benue State) and Igala people (Kogi State) in North-Central Nigeria were exposed to the 2017 National Family Planning Communication Campaigns. The study also examined their level of knowledge, the extent to which they adopted the campaign messages, and how Alekwu/Ibegwu and other socio-cultural factors influenced their level of adoption of the campaign messages. The study adopted a quantitative (questionnaire survey) research method.

Disclosure Pattern and Its Determinants among Patients Attending Anti-Retroviral Clinics in a North Central Capital City in Nigeria.

Background: It has been observed that contributory factors such as unprotected sexual intercourse and vertical transmission of HIV to the unborn child during childbirth still occur among women living with HIV.HIV status disclosure has also been found to lead to improved access to HIV prevention and treatment programmes.

Methodology: The study was a descriptive cross sectional study using quantitative and qualitative data collection tools.

A cross-sectional study on the prevalence of HIV and hepatitis B virus co-infection among students of a tertiary institution in Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria.

Nigeria aims to eradicate public-health threats such as HIV/AIDS and hepatitis B virus (HBV) by 2030. However, to achieve the short- and medium-term response target, and end the epidemic by 2030, there is the need to monitor and estimate the population level of HIV and HBV epidemic trends to boost the country's strategic framework's chances of success. Hence, we uncovered the prevalence of HIV and HBV among full-time, newly admitted undergraduate university students in Southwestern Nigeria between 2015 and 2017.

Profiling the knowledge of female medical/para-medical students, and expertise of health care professionals on female genital schistosomiasis in Anambra, South Eastern Nigeria.

Background: Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) is a largely neglected tropical disease (NTD), with little or no attention in the primary health care unit. Towards building momentum to address this challenge, we investigated the perception of medical and para-medical students about FGS, as well as the expertise of health care professionals in Anambra State, Nigeria.

Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 587 female medical and para-medical university students (MPMS), and 65 health care professionals (HCPs) saddled with the responsibility of delivering care for schistosomiasis-affected persons.

The Relationship between Childcare-Giving Arrangements and Children's Malnutrition Status in South Africa.

Multiple caregiving arrangements have become common for childcare globally, and South Africa is no exception. Previous childcare studies mainly focused on the caregiver and household characteristics. Evidence on the influence of childcare on malnutrition is sparse.

Mistrust in government and COVID-19 vaccination acceptance in Nigeria: investigating the indirect roles of attitudes towards vaccination.

Background: Research shows that trust in government is associated with the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. However, there is no empirical evidence suggesting the pathway by which this association is formed. This study examines how dimensional attitudes towards vaccination explain the relationship between mistrust in government and COVID-19 vaccination acceptance.

Gallic acid abates cadmium chloride toxicity via alteration of neurotransmitters and modulation of inflammatory markers in Wistar rats.

Cadmium is a highly neurotoxic heavy metal that disrupts membranes and causes oxidative stress in the brain. The study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of gallic acid on oxidative damage in the brains of Wistar rats exposed to cadmium chloride (CdCl). Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of five rats each.

Unravelling the dynamics of Lassa fever transmission with differential infectivity: Modeling analysis and control strategies.

Epidemic models have been broadly used to comprehend the dynamic behaviour of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, predict future trends, and assess intervention strategies. The symptomatic and asymptomatic features and environmental factors for Lassa fever (LF) transmission illustrate the need for sophisticated epidemic models to capture more vital dynamics and forecast trends of LF outbreaks within countries or sub-regions on various geographic scales. This study proposes a dynamic model to examine the transmission of LF infection, a deadly disease transmitted mainly by rodents through environment.

Morphometric analysis of schistosome eggs recovered from human urines in communities along the shoreline of Oyan River Dam in Ogun State, Nigeria.

There are growing concerns that communities characterized with surface water, where both humans and livestock interact for agricultural, domestic, cultural and recreational purposes, are likely to support hybridization between schistosome species infecting humans and livestock. This study therefore investigated the morphometrics of schistosome eggs recovered from human urine samples in four schistosomiasis endemic communities (Imala-Odo, Abule-Titun, Apojula and Ibaro-Oyan) along the banks of Oyan River Dam in Ogun State, Nigeria. Recovered eggs were counted, photographed, and measured with IC Measure™ for total length, maximum width and a ratio of egg shape.

Tooth adornment among siblings living in an urban slum in Nigeria: Health implications for a vulnerable population.

Tooth jewelry boosts the appearance and confidence of wearers. However, its use may carry adverse health consequences. This paper creates awareness about a practice not previously reported in Nigeria, to prevent negative health consequences while appropriate measures are taken to quantify and describe the determinants and plan appropriate interventions.

Household living conditions and food insecurity in Nigeria: a longitudinal study during COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: This study set out to investigate the risk of household food insecurity in Nigeria during the novel COVID-19 pandemic using a harmonised dataset of Nigeria's prepandemic face-to-face survey and two waves of the COVID-19 National Longitudinal Phone Survey (NLPS).

Setting: Nigeria.

Participants: A representative sample of 1674 households is used in the analysis.

Epidemiological trends of Lassa fever in Nigeria, 2018-2021.

Background: Lassa fever is a viral haemorrhagic fever endemic in Nigeria. Improved surveillance and testing capacity have revealed in an increased number of reported cases and apparent geographic spread of Lassa fever in Nigeria. We described the recent four-year trend of Lassa fever in Nigeria to improve understanding of its epidemiology and inform the design of appropriate interventions.

Cancer of the Liver and its Relationship with Diabetes mellitus.

A high increase witnessed in type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) globally has increasingly posed a serious threat to global increases in liver cancer with the association between diabetes mellitus type II and the survival rate in liver cancer patients showing unstable findings. An increase in the development and progression of chronic liver disease from diabetes mellitus patients may be connected to cancer of the liver with several links such as Hepatitis B and C virus and heavy consumption of alcohol. The link between T2DM patients and liver cancer is centered on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which could be a serious threat globally if not clinically addressed.

Knowledge and practices on consumption of free-range chickens in selected rural communities of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, with focus on zoonotic transmission of Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara spp.

Chickens are a host to a variety of pathogens of zoonotic importance and this depends more on the husbandry system practiced. Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara spp which are more prevalent in free-range chickens (FRC) can be acquired by humans via the ingestion of raw or undercooked meat (muscle) and/or viscera contaminated with infective stages of T. gondii and Toxocara spp.

Understanding context in the implementation of emergency obstetric and neonatal care in health facilities in Osun State, Nigeria- a mixed-methods study.

Background: Successful implementation of Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care (EmONC) is likely to improve pregnancy outcomes and is essential for quality maternity care. Context in implementation is described as factors that enabled or disabled implementation of interventions. While the context of implementation is important for the effectiveness of evidence-based interventions, the context of EmONC implementation has not been widely studied in Nigeria.

Identification of potential candidate vaccines against based on the major facilitator superfamily transporter protein.

Buruli ulcer is a neglected tropical disease that is characterized by non-fatal lesion development. The causative agent is There are no known vectors or transmission methods, preventing the development of control methods. There are effective diagnostic techniques and treatment routines; however, several socioeconomic factors may limit patients' abilities to receive these treatments.

Ackee ( K.D. Koenig) Leaves and Arils Methanolic Extracts Ameliorate CdCl-Induced Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in .

Different ethnomedical benefits have been documented on different parts of Ackee (); however, their roles in ameliorating oxidative damages are not well established. CdCl inhibitory effects on some oxidative-stress biomarkers and ameliorative potentials of Ackee leaves (AL) and arils (AS) methanolic extracts were studied using as a model. One to 3-day-old flies were orally exposed to different concentrations of CdCl in their diet for 7 days.

Lithium in breast milk transiently affects the renal electrolytic balance of infants.

Background: The use of lithium during breast-feeding has not been comprehensively investigated in humans due to concerns about lithium toxicity.

Procedure: We analyzed lithium in the kidneys of nursed pups of lithium medicated mothers, using analytical spectroscopy in a novel rat model. The mothers were healthy rats administered lithium via gavage (1000 mg/day Li CO per 50 kg body weight).

Classic and Current Opinions in Human Organ and Tissue Transplantation.

Graft tolerance is a pathophysiological condition heavily reliant on the dynamic interaction of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Genetic polymorphism determines immune responses to tissue/organ transplantation, and intricate humoral and cell-mediated mechanisms control these responses. In transplantation, the clinician's goal is to achieve a delicate equilibrium between the allogeneic immune response, undesired effects of the immunosuppressive drugs, and the existing morbidities that are potentially life-threatening.

Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Anticholinesterase Potential of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles from .

Introduction: In recent years, plant-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles has evolved as a promising alternative to traditional synthesis methods. In addition to producing silver nanoparticles with diverse biomedical potential, the biosynthesis approach is known to be inexpensive, rapid, and environmentally friendly.

Objective: This study was aimed at synthesizing silver nanoparticles using ethanolic stem and root bark extracts of Khaya grandifoliola and highlighting the biomedical potential of the nanoparticles by evaluating their antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticholinesterase effects in vitro.

Enablers and barriers to the acceptability of mHealth for maternal healthcare in rural Edo, Nigeria.

Objective: Acceptability has become a key consideration in designing, implementing and evaluating digital health interventions. Current evidence points to acceptability as a crucial factor in sustaining mobile health programs for maternal health across sub-Saharan Africa particularly in Nigeria where the burden of maternal mortality is high. This paper describes the enablers and barriers to the acceptance of Text4Life, a mobile phone-based health intervention that extends maternal healthcare services to rural areas of Edo State Nigeria.

Exploring barriers and facilitators to integrated policy formulation and implementation of family planning and urban development programmes in Nigeria.

Background: As more people now live in urban areas than in rural communities in Nigeria, urban development (UD) requires urgent policy and programmatic attention. Although the population factor has been identified as important to achieving national development goals, and evidence suggests that meeting the family planning (FP) and reproductive health (RH) needs of the vulnerable urban population can serve as an important recipe for achieving population growth rates consistent with building sustainable, habitable and prosperous urban settings, FP remains a neglected subject in UD initiatives in Nigeria. This study explored barriers and facilitators in achieving integrated policy formulation and implementation of FP and UD programmes in Nigeria.

Effect of syringic acid on steroid and gonadotropic hormones, hematological indices, sperm characteristics and morphologies, and markers of tissue damage in methyl cellosolve-administered rats.

Methyl cellosolve (MTC) is an established gonadotoxic and hematotoxic compound that is commonly and universally utilized in herbicide, liquid soap, stain, dye, paint, and brake fluid manufacturing industries as a solvent. Due to its wide range usage, this study therefore investigated the effect of syringic acid (SYAC) on hematological indices, sperm characteristics and morphologies, and markers of tissue damage in MTC administered male Wistar rats. Thirty (30) rats divided into six groups were used.