Mercury Levels in the Worldwide Farmed Fish: A Systematic Review.

Aquaculture, specifically farmed fish, contributes to global aquatic fish stuff production. The present study systematically reviewed mercury levels in farmed fish. One hundred two scientific articles were found in four databases.

The Brazilian National Plan to Combat Marine Litter: A critical assessment.

The Brazilian National Plan to Combat Marine Litter was launched in March 2019 and in its context, 577 campaigns were carried out to clean up beaches, rivers, estuaries and mangroves, until January 2023, at an estimated cost of US$ 16,733,000.00. The volume collected in four years represented only 0.

Sulforaphane upregulates the mRNA expression of NRF2 and NQO1 in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease.

Sulforaphane (SFN), found in cruciferous vegetables, is a known activator of NRF2 (master regulator of cellular antioxidant responses). Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) present an imbalance in the redox state, presenting reduced expression of NRF2 and increased expression of NF-κB. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of SFN on the mRNA expression of NRF2, NF-κB and markers of oxidative stress in patients with CKD.

Middle-Range Theory of Occupational Stress in Health Professionals.

Introduction: Occupational stress affects health professionals; however, no literature was found on the middle-range theory for this outcome in health professionals.

Methods: Methodological study for the theoretical validation of a nursing diagnosis using the theoretical framework of Walker and Avant and the Betty Neuman systems models. The research was conducted in five stages: comprehension of the system model; selection and review of studies; development of the conceptual-theoretical-empirical structure; elaboration of a diagram and proposition of a nursing diagnosis; and evaluation of the empirical adequacy of the theory and validity of the system model.

Sulforaphane Supplementation Did Not Modulate NRF2 and NF-kB mRNA Expressions in Hemodialysis Patients.

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have reduced expression of erythroid nuclear factor-related factor 2 (NRF2) and increased nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). "Food as medicine" has been proposed as an adjuvant therapeutic alternative in modulating these factors. No studies have investigated the effects of sulforaphane (SFN) in cruciferous vegetables on the expression of these genes in patients with CKD.

Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus on growth of Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus in a probiotic Minas Frescal cheese.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes, inoculated alone or in combination on surface of Minas Frescal cheeses, during storage for 21 days at 7 °C. Survival percentages of each individual bacterial species after exposure to in vitro simulated gastrointestinal conditions (SGC) were also determined. The addition of L.

Non-pregnant Women Have a Lower Vitamin D than Pregnant Women After Gastric Bypass.

Objective: To compare the nutritional status of vitamin D, calcium, and serum concentrations of parathyroid hormone (PTH) between women undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) who became pregnant and women who did not become pregnant during the same postoperative period, as well as the impact of these changes on maternal and child health.

Methods: This is a longitudinal and retrospective study of women who previously underwent RYGB, paired by age and preoperative body mass index (BMI), divided into two groups: group 1 (G1), comprising 79 women who did not become pregnant, and group 2 (G2), comprising 40 pregnant women assessed in the overall trimesters. Both groups were analyzed before surgery (T0) and in the same interval after surgery: less than or equal to 1 year (T1) or greater than 1 year (T2), with a 2-year period at the most.

Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Uremic Toxins from the Gut Microbiota in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: Is There a Relationship between Them?

Recent studies have suggested that uremic toxins such as indoxyl sulfate (IS) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) from the metabolism of the gut microbiota may be involved in the inflammatory signaling pathway in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients through the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription factor. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible relationship between uremic toxins (IS and IAA) and AhR protein expression in CKD patients. A cross-sectional observational study involving 17 hemodialysis (HD) [11 men, 55.

A possible link between polyunsaturated fatty acids and uremic toxins from the gut microbiota in hemodialysis patients: A hypothesis.

Introduction: Indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (p-CS) are albumin-bound uremic toxins that are difficult to remove by hemodialysis (HD). Human serum albumin (HSA) carries several compounds, including fatty acids that can bind to site II of HSA and represent competing ligands for uremic toxins. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between fatty acids and uremic toxin plasma levels in patients undergoing HD.

The value of the Brazilian açai fruit as a therapeutic nutritional strategy for chronic kidney disease patients.

Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) fruit from the Amazon region in Brazil contains bioactive compounds such as α-tocopherol, anthocyanins (cyanidin 3-glycoside and cyanidin 3-rutinoside), and other flavonoids with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, the prebiotic activity of anthocyanins in modulating the composition of gut microbiota has emerged as an additional mechanism by which anthocyanins exert health-promoting effects.

Probiotic Supplementation in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial.

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of probiotic supplementation on the gut microbiota profile and inflammatory markers in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD).

Design And Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Forty-six HD patients were assigned to receive 1 of 2 treatments: probiotic (n = 23; Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus e Bifidobacterialongum, 90 billion colony-forming units per day) or placebo (n = 23) daily for 3 months.

Does resistance exercise performed during dialysis modulate Nrf2 and NF-κB in patients with chronic kidney disease?

Studies have shown that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) can be modulated by physical exercise. However, the impact of resistance exercise has never been investigated in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of resistance exercise programs on the expression of transcription factors Nrf2 and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in CKD patients on hemodialysis (HD).

Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation in Chronic Kidney Disease: Role of Uremic Toxins.

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor involved in the expression of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules. Uremic toxins such as indoxyl sulfate and indole acetic acid are derived from tryptophan fermentation by gut microbiota; they accumulate in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on haemodialysis and have recently emerged as potent ligands of AhR. Therefore, AhR can serve as a mediator in inflammation and cardiovascular diseases in these patients.

Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins from Gut Microbiota and Inflammatory Markers in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Objective: Protein-bound uremic toxins from gut microbiota tend to accumulate in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and are poorly removed by current dialysis techniques. These toxins induce inflammation and are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to report the relationship between uremic toxins and inflammatory and cardiovascular markers in CKD patients.

Accuracy of p57 compared with genotyping for the diagnosis of complete hydatidiform mole: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Distinguishing hydatidiform moles (HMs) from non-molar specimens and the subclassification of HM are important because complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) is associated with an increased risk of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. However, diagnosis based solely on morphology has poor interobserver reproducibility. Recent studies have demonstrated that the use of p57 immunostaining improves diagnostic accuracy for CHM.

Resistant starch for modulation of gut microbiota: Promising adjuvant therapy for chronic kidney disease patients?

The gut microbiota has been extensively studied in all health science fields because its imbalance is linked to many disorders, such as inflammation and oxidative stress, thereby contributing to cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) complications. Novel therapeutic strategies that aim to reduce the complications caused by this imbalance have increased in recent years. Studies have shown that prebiotic supplementation can beneficially modulate the gut microbiota in CKD patients.

EFFECT OF SELENIUM SUPPLEMENTATION VIA BRAZIL NUT (BERTHOLLETIA EXCELSA, HBK) ON THYROID HORMONES LEVELS IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS: A PILOT STUDY.

Background: thyroid function depends on trace mineral selenium (Se), being at the active center of the iodothyronine deiodinase that catalyzes the conversion of the thyroxine (T4) to the active form of thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T3). Hemodialysis (HD) patients have reduced T3 levels partly due to impaired hormonal conversion that can be related to Se deficiency, a common feature in these patients. This study evaluated the effect of Brazil nuts (richest Se source) on thyroid hormone levels in HD patients.

Probiotics and chronic kidney disease.

Probiotics are the focus of a thorough investigation as a natural biotreatment due to their various health-promoting effects and inherent ability to fight specific diseases including chronic kidney disease (CKD). Indeed, intestinal microbiota has recently emerged as an important player in the progression and complications of CKD. Because many of the multifactorial physiological functions of probiotics are highly strain specific, preselection of appropriate probiotic strains based on their expression of functional biomarkers is critical.

Is there interaction between gut microbial profile and cardiovascular risk in chronic kidney disease patients?

Aim: To evaluate the gut microbial profile in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and evaluate the possible relationship with inflammation and cardiovascular risk.

Patients & Methods: Markers inflammation plasma and bacterial community profile (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) were analyzed.

Results: The average number of bands was not different in healthy individuals and CKD patients.

Fructose intake: is there an association with uric acid levels in nondialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease patients?

Introduction: Fructose intake has increased dramatically in consequence of the consumption of fructose-based sweetened foods and beverages. Research suggests that high fructose intake has a strong association with uric acid (UA) levels and worse prognosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of fructose intake on plasma UA levels in nondialysis- dependent CKD patients.

Role of altered intestinal microbiota in systemic inflammation and cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease.

The normal intestinal microbiota plays a major role in the maintenance of health and disease prevention. In fact, the alteration of the intestinal microbiota has been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of several pathological conditions, including obesity and insulin resistance, among others. Recent studies have revealed profound alterations of the gut microbial flora in patients and animals with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

The newly identified anorexigenic adipokine nesfatin-1 in hemodialysis patients: Are there associations with food intake, body composition and inflammation?

Nesfatin-1 is a recently identified anorexigenic peptide that has been implicated in appetite regulation, weight loss and/or malnutrition. Anorexia and malnutrition are common features of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that predispose patients to worse outcomes. However, the reasons for the occurrence of anorexia in CKD patients are not fully elucidated.

The possible role of nesfatin-1 on appetite regulation in hemodialysis patients.

Studies on appetite hormones in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients appear of interest since these compounds may be implicated in reduced appetite, loss of weight and/or malnutrition. Anorexia seems to be related to many hormones that act in central nervous system, like leptin, obestatin and others, and more recently, was discovered a hypothalamus secreted protein that conduces to a decrease on food intake and to an increase on energetic waste, called nesfatin-1. This peptide has been studied in diabetes, mean arterial pressure and cardiovascular function, anxiety- and/or fear-related responses and inflammation, but there are no studies about a possible relationship with CKD.