Five-Year Comparison Results Between Clinically Severely Affected Tetralogy-of-Fallot Patients Initially Treated by Right Ventricular Outflow Stenting and Pink-Fallot Patients Undergoing Single-Step Correction.

The Purpose: Evaluation of the short-term and long-term results of a phased correction of the tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) with stenting of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) in comparison with a one-stage total correction (TC) of the defect.

Materials And Methods: Two groups of patients with classical ToF were formed. Group 1 (n = 25; median age = 72 days) was initially represented by children with ToF with a more severe clinical status (median weight = 3.

Clinical and Biological Markers of Frailty Syndrome in Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of prefrailty and frailty syndrome (FS) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), and the clinical and biological characteristics of frail patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Material And Methods: The study included 78 patients with CAD who were admitted to the clinic to undergo PCI. To detect prefrailty and FS in patients, we used a short physical performance test battery (10-12 points-no FS, 8-9 points-prefrailty, 7 or fewer points-FS).

Assessing the built environment through photographs and its association with obesity in 21 countries: the PURE Study.

Background: The built environment can influence human health, but the available evidence is modest and almost entirely from urban communities in high-income countries. Here we aimed to analyse built environment characteristics and their associations with obesity in urban and rural communities in 21 countries at different development levels participating in the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study.

Methods: Photographs were acquired with a standardised approach.

Frailty as an Independent Predictor of Adverse Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Direct Myocardial Revascularization.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence and anamnestic characteristics of frail patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and to evaluate the role of frailty in the development of complications and adverse outcomes in the perioperative period and early survival period after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Material And Methods: The study included 387 patients admitted to the clinic for a scheduled primary CABG. A seven-item questionnaire, "PRISMA-7", was used to identify frail elderly patients before the procedure.

The Role of Insulin Resistance in the Development of Complications after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.

Unlabelled: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of carbohydrate metabolism disorders and insulin resistance indices on the immediate results of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Method: Patients with coronary artery disease who underwent CABG ( = 383) were examined to determine glycemic status, free fatty acid and fasting insulin levels, and insulin resistance indices (Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), McAuley index, Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI), Revised-QUICKI). Patients were assessed for the development of perioperative complications and their length of stay in the hospital.

Ethnic differences in right ventricular structure and function in urbanized hypertensive patients in the Gornaya Shoriya region.

Aim of this study was to compare right ventricular echocardiography parameters in urbanized hypertensive patients of the Shor and non-indigenous ethnic groups in the Mountain Shoria region. The study included patients with arterial hypertension: 58 Shors and 50 non-indigenous urbanized residents, comparable in age, and divided by ethnicity and gender into 4 groups: Shors men (n = 20), Shors women (n = 38) , non-indigenous men (n = 15) and non-indigenous women (n = 35). All underwent echocardiographic examination, and the right heart parameters were studied.

Prehabilitation in Cardiovascular Surgery: The Effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (Randomized Clinical Trial).

Objective: We aimed to determine the effects of prehabilitation with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on muscle status and exercise capacity in patients before cardiac surgery.

Methods: Preoperative elective cardiac surgery patients were randomly assigned to the NMES group or control group. Intervention in the NMES group was 7-10 sessions, whereas the control group carried out breathing exercises and an educational program.

Urbanization and physical activity in the global Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology study.

Urbanization may influence physical activity (PA) levels, although little evidence is available for low- and middle- income countries where urbanization is occurring fastest. We evaluated associations between urbanization and total PA, as well as work-, leisure-, home-, and transport-specific PA, for 138,206 adults living in 698 communities across 22 countries within the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. The 1-week long-form International PA Questionnaire was administered at baseline (2003-2015).

Association of the triglyceride glucose index as a measure of insulin resistance with mortality and cardiovascular disease in populations from five continents (PURE study): a prospective cohort study.

Background: The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is an easily accessible surrogate marker of insulin resistance, an important pathway in the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. However, the association of the TyG index with cardiovascular diseases and mortality has mainly been investigated in Asia, with few data available from other regions of the world. We assessed the association of insulin resistance (as determined by the TyG index) with mortality and cardiovascular diseases in individuals from five continents at different levels of economic development, living in urban or rural areas.

Pulmonary Veins Morphometric Characteristics and Spatial Orientation Influence on Its Cryoballoon Isolation Results.

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of pulmonary vein (PV) morphometric characteristics and spatial orientation on the results of cryoballoon ablation (CBA). Methods: A randomized, prospective, single-center controlled study was conducted, enrolling 230 patients with drug-refractory atrial fibrillation (AF). We compared procedural and long-term outcomes in patients who underwent their first procedure of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for AF with either radiofrequency ablation (RFA) (n = 108) or CBA (n = 122) and assessed their interaction with the different pattern of PV anatomy, morphometric characteristics, and spatial orientation.

[Clinical and anamnestic characteristics of patients with an implanted cardioverter-defibrillator in real clinical practice (data from the Kuzbass register)].

Aim      To study the consistency of the practice of management, selection and routing of patients at high risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) selected for cardioverter-defibrillator implantation (CDI) with current clinical guidelines and to evaluate the quality of subsequent outpatient follow-up and treatment based on a retrospective analysis of clinical amnestic data from the Kuzbass Registry of Patients with CDI.Material and methods  The study was based on the Registry of Patients with Implanted Cardioverter Defibrillator and included successive data of 28 patients hospitalized to the Kizbass Cardiological Center from 2015 through 2019. Social and clinical amnestic characteristics, indications for CVI, and concomitant drug therapy were analyzed retrospectively.

[Dynamics of Parameters of Transmitral Blood Flow and Markers of Myocardial Fibrosis in Patients with Myocardial Infarction].

Aim      To study possible correlations between echocardiography (EchoCG) indexes and markers of myocardial fibrosis, procollagen I C-terminal propeptide (PICP) and procollagen III N-terminal propeptide (PIIINP) during one year following ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Material and methods  120 patients with STEMI were evaluated. EchoCG was used to assess dimensions and volumes of heart chambers, left ventricular (LV) systolic function, mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), and indexes of LV diastolic function (Em, early diastolic lateral mitral annular velocity; e', peak early diastolic septal mitral annular velocity; E / e', ratio of peak early diastolic transmitral inflow velocity and mitral annular velocity  -, Е / А, ratio of peak early and late transmitral inflow velocities; DT, deceleration time of LV early diastolic filling).

[Effect of empagliflosin on renal filtration in patients with coronary heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention].

Aim To evaluate the effect of empagliflozin on glycemia and renal filtration function in patients with stable ischemic heart disease (IHD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) who underwent a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Materials and methods This study included 40 patients with stable IHD and DM2 (age, 63 (58; 65) years; DM2 duration, 7 (4; 15) years) who had indications for an elective PCI. At baseline in the total sample, the level of glycated hemoglobin was 7.

Genetic forms and pathophysiology of essential arterial hypertension in minor indigenous peoples of Russia.

Background: To study the genetic forms and pathophysiology of arterial hypertension by evaluating plasma renin activity in the Shors, minor indigenous peoples inhabiting the south of Western Siberia.

Methods: A single-stage study of indigenous (the Shors) and non-indigenous peoples living in the villages of Gornaya Shoria of the Kemerovo region in the south of Western Siberia was conducted in the period from 2013 to 2017. One thousand four hundred nine adults (901 Shors and 508 non-indigenous inhabitants) were recruited in the study using a continuous sampling plan.

Randomized Clinical Trial of Surgical vs. Percutaneous vs. Hybrid Revascularization in Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease: Residual Myocardial Ischemia and Clinical Outcomes at One Year-Hybrid coronary REvascularization Versus Stenting or Surgery (HREVS).

Aim: Optimal revascularization strategy in multivessel (MV) coronary artery disease (CAD) eligible for percutaneous management (PCI) and surgery remains unresolved. We evaluated, in a randomized clinical trial, residual myocardial ischemia (RI) and clinical outcomes of MV-CAD revascularization using coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR), or MV-PCI.

Methods: Consecutive MV-CAD patients ( = 155) were randomized (1 : 1 : 1) to conventional CABG (LIMA-LAD plus venous grafts) or HCR (MIDCAB LIMA-LAD followed by PCI for remaining vessels) or MV-PCI (everolimus-eluting CoCr stents) under Heart Team agreement on equal technical and clinical feasibility of each strategy.

[Efficiency of pharmacogenetic approach to anticoagulant therapy in patients with prosthetic heart valves].

Background: This study examined clinical, demographic, anthropometric, and inheritance factors that influence individual sensitivity to warfarin therapy after heart valve surgery. The clinical significance of the pharmacogenetic approach was assessed using the individual time frame and time spent in the INR therapeutic range.

Aims: We determined the clinical outcome of the pharmacogenetic approach at the start of warfarin therapy in patients with prosthetic heart valves.

EEG and Clinical Factors Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Coronary Artery Disease Patients.

Background: Although an impaired cognitive status in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is not rare, the neurophysiological and clinical indicators of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have been insufficiently investigated so far.

Methods: EEG and neuropsychological testing as well as clinical examination were performed on 122 patients with CAD, who were divided into two groups, those with MCI (n = 60; mean age 57.4 ± 5.

Endovascular Interventions Permit Isolation of Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells from Peripheral Blood.

Background: Isolation of endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) is difficult due to the extremely low concentration of their precursors in the peripheral blood (PB). We hypothesized that mechanical injury to the arterial wall during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) may increase the release of circulating ECFC precursors and induce their growth in vitro.

Methods: PB samples from patients with coronary artery disease were collected before, immediately after, and 24 h after the surgery in the CABG group.

Surface modification of electrospun poly-(l-lactic) acid scaffolds by reactive magnetron sputtering.

In this study, we modified the surface of bioresorbable electrospun poly-(l-lactic) acid (PLLA) scaffolds by reactive magnetron sputtering of a titanium target under a nitrogen atmosphere. We examined the influence of the plasma treatment time on the structure and properties of electrospun PLLA scaffolds using SEM, XRF, FTIR, XRD, optical goniometry, and mechanical testing. It was observed that the coating formed did not change physicomechanical properties of electrospun PLLA scaffolds and simultaneously, increased their hydrophilicity.

Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin the estimation of hospital prognosis in patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction.

We aimed to assess the clinical significance of serum levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (sNGAL) for predicting in-hospital outcomes in patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI). Patients admitted within 24 hours of developing STEMI clinical symptoms were evaluated for sNGAL on hospitalization days 1 and 12. Recurrent myocardial infarction, early post-infarction angina, acute cerebrovascular accident, and death were assessed as adverse outcomes during hospitalization.

Use of thrombin generation test for monitoring hemostasis in coronary bypass surgery.

To evaluate the parameters of the thrombin generation test (TGT) in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients on prolonged aspirin therapy during on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) after donor platelet concentrate transfusion. A total of 148 patients with CAD on prolonged aspirin therapy (75-100 mg/day) who have undergone elective on-pump CABG were consecutively included in the study. Patients were divided randomly into two groups.

Glucose levels as a prognostic marker in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a case-control study.

Background: Patients with myocardial infarction (MI) have a high mortality. Therefore, new risk markers and predictors of an adverse outcome for MI are required. The role of hyperglycemia in the development of cardiovascular complications in MI patients is still unclear.