Toxicological Characteristics of Bacterial Nanocellulose in an In Vivo Experiment-Part 1: The Systemic Effects.

Unlabelled: Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is being considered as a potential replacement for microcrystalline cellulose as a food additive and a source of dietary fiber due to its unique properties. However, studies on the risks of consuming BNC in food are limited, and it is not yet approved for use in food in the US, EU, and Russia.

Aim: This study aims to perform a toxicological and hygienic assessment of the safety of BNC in a subacute 8-week administration in rats.

Multiomics Picture of Obesity in Young Adults.

Obesity is a socially significant disease that is characterized by a disproportionate accumulation of fat. It is also associated with chronic inflammation, cancer, diabetes, and other comorbidities. Investigating biomarkers and pathological processes linked to obesity is especially vital for young individuals, given their increased potential for lifestyle modifications.

[Estimation of gammaaminobutyric acid intake from the human diet].

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an endogenous bioactive compound with essential properties for the normal functioning of the human nervous system. As a potent neurotransmitter, it plays an important role in modulating synaptic transmission by exerting phasic inhibition of neurons. This and other effects of GABA provide the phenomenon of neural tissue plasticity underlying learning, memory, maturation and repair of neural tissue after damage.

[Influence of chronic immobilization stress on vitamin status in rats fed different diets].

The influence of a stress factor, widespread in modern conditions, on the vitamin status has not been studied enough. At the same time, the negative stress impact can be aggravated against the background of unhealthy nutrition, which in turn affects the vitamin status of the organism. In this regard, of the research was to evaluate the effect of chronic restrict stress on the vitamin supply in rats fed a diet with adequate and increased content of fat, sugar and cholesterol.

[Physiological and biochemical study of polyphenols and 20-hydroxyecdisone from quinoa grains effect on resistance to physical exercise in Wistar rats].

Increasing the ability of the human body to adapt to physical stress is relevant from the standpoint of using foods for special uses containing functional food ingredients (FFI) with effectiveness proven in vivo. of this study was to evaluate the effect of FFI from Chenopodium quinoa grains with a high content of polyphenols and phytoecdysteroids on the physical endurance of male Wistar rats. .

Analysis of milk consumption and dairy products of the Russian population using an online survey.

Over the past 20-30 years, the consumption of milk and dairy products in Russia has been steadily declining. An online survey was carried out to find out the reasons for this. The questionnaire was created on the Yandex forms platform with automatic counting of answers.

[Study of the sorptiondesorption of ecdysterone (20 E) as part of adaptogenic compositions with inulin and functional food ingredients based on spinach and quinoa].

The main principle in the enrichment of food with minor bioactive compounds is the prediction and evaluation of possible chemical interactions of the components included in the matrix of the food. These interactions have a impact on the bioavailability of minor bioactive compounds. In our work, we studied the processes of sorption and desorption (release), the main processes affecting the bioavailability of the minor bioactive compound ecdysterone (20 E) in the composition of functional food ingredients obtained from spinach leaves (FFI-1) and quinoa grains (FFI-2) on hydrocolloid matrix - inulin.

[Natural pigments in fruit and vegetable juices: the content of anthocyanins, carotenoids and betalaines].

The color of the juice is determined by the color of the corresponding fruit or vegetable from which the juice is made. The color of a fruit or vegetable, in turn, is determined by the presence of natural coloring pigments - secondary plant metabolites, which include mainly anthocyanins, carotenoids and betalains. These substances, in addition to bright colors, give the juices properties that largely provide a positive effect on health.

[Correction of gut dysbiosis as a promising direction in the prevention of neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment].

In recent years new data have been obtained on the role of intestinal dysbiosis in the pathogenesis mechanisms of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as on the influence of dietary patterns (Mediterranean diet, MIND diet) and probiotics on the correction of dysbiosis and slowing down the development of cognitive disorders. It seems reasonable to draw the attention of practicing physicians to the need to prevent cognitive dysfunction through dietary correction, probiotics and prebiotics intake. of the research was to study the possibility of using certain dietary patterns, as well as intake of probiotics and prebiotics for the correction of dysbiosis and early prevention of cognitive dysfunction, basing on the analysis of published data on the bidirectional communication between the colon microbiota and the brain and microbiota changes in patients with cognitive dysfunction and AD.

[Effect of L-carnitine and resveratrol complex on the profile of cytokines and regulatory proteins in normal and obese rats].

Chronic inflammation in adipose tissue, peripheral organs and some compartments of the brain are among pathogenetic factors in obesity. The use of bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic activity in the composition of specialized products and dietary supplements is considered as an approach in the diet therapy of obesity and related conditions. of the research was to study the effect of a complex supplement containing resveratrol and L-carnitine (RC supplement) on the immunological parameters of inflammation (the profile of cytokines and regulatory proteins) in rats fed a balanced or hypercaloric diet.

[Innovative methods for extracting biolactive сompounds from plant materials].

Modern methods for extracting bioactive сompounds (BAC) from various raw materials are focused on efficacy and environmental awareness, involve the use of mathematical and statistical optimization methods, the choice of green solvents, and the use of additive extraction technology. of this review was to present and briefly discuss up-to-date information on modern technological approaches to the production of plant BAС extracts for applying in food ingredients and foods for special dietary uses. .

[Effect of microand nanoplastics on the gastrointestinal mucosa and intestinal microbiome].

Worldwide production and use of the polymers has led to intensive environmental pollution with micro- and nanoplastics (MP and NP). Accumulating in ecosystems, MP are transmitted through food chains and enter the human body. The associated health risks are of grave concern and require assessment.

[Modified method for obtaining phycocyanine concentrate of biomass].

The biomass of Arthrospira platensis cyanobacteria is a source of bioactive compounds such as chlorophylls, carotenoids, and, particularly, phycobiliproteins: C-phycocyanin and allophycocyanin. The wide range of biological activity shown by extracts with a high content of phycocyanins determines the prospects for their use as dietary supplements and ingredients of special foods. For food purposes, the degree of purity of phycocyanin concentrates, determined by the ratio of optical densities of their aqueous solutions at two wavelengths, namely D/D, must be greater than 0.

[Methods for the identification and quantification of microplastics in foods (a review)].

The adverse effects of microplastics (MP) found in food on the health have recently been recognized as a new source of human health risks. In order to evaluate and minimize them, it is necessary to evaluate the exposure using sensitive and specific methods. of the research was the substantiation of methodological approaches to the identification and quantification of microplastics in food based on the analysis of literature data.

[Rats' liver morphological features under conditions of different supply with vitamins and minerals].

The current practice of novel food safety assessment in the Russian Federation involves toxicological studies on the alimentary model of adaptation potential reduction of laboratory animals. Since vitamin and mineral deficiency can affect the size of structural elements of tissues, an objective estimation of the results obtained using this model is possible when determining the range of fluctuations of the studied morphometric parameters under conditions of different essential substances' supply, as well as under conditions of simulated toxic effects on the background of the corresponding supply. of the research was to investigate the morphological and morphometric features of the liver under the influence of reduced intake of vitamins and mineral elements in the combination with toxic effects of various nature, during growth and puberty of male Wistar rats.

[Spectrum of food diversity of megapolis' inhabitants obtained by the analysis of buying activity].

The food diversity is a significant indicator of a healthy diet. of the study was to assess the indicators of food diversity in the metropolis (Moscow) based on the analysis of consumer activity in a large retail chain. .

[Application of digital transformations of dietary microdata and factor analysis to study the nutritional patterns of breakfast and its significance in providing the nutritional value of the diet of adults].

Eating disorders with skipping meals are considered as a risk factor for chronic non-communicable diseases. Frequent skipping of meals is associated with the risk of developing metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. Breakfast is considered to be the most important meal of the day.

[Effect of microand nanoplastics as food contaminants on the immune system].

Currently, due to the increase in the distribution and accumulation of microplastics and nanoplastics (MP and NP) in the environment, their negative impact on human health has become a global problem. of this research was to analyze the results of the studies on the effect of MPs and NPs on the body and evaluate their impact as pathogenetic factors of immune status disorders in vitro and in vivo. .

Linking Clinical Blood Metabogram and Gut Microbiota.

Recently, a clinical blood metabogram was developed as a fast, low-cost and reproducible test that allows the implementation of metabolomics in clinical practice. The components of the metabogram are functionally related groups of blood metabolites associated with humoral regulation, the metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates and amines, lipid intake into the organism, and liver function, thereby providing clinically relevant information. It is known that the gut microbiota affects the blood metabolome, and the components of the blood metabolome may affect the composition of the gut microbiota.

[Protein in the athlete's diet: rationale for intake levels at different training intensities to maintain lean body mass (a brief review)].

Nutrition in sports, as a branch of nutritional science, is a constantly developing field with a growing number of scientific researches and recommendations concerning the justification of the diet composition to ensure the requirements for macro- and micronutrients of the athlete's body at different stages of sports activity and energy value, as well as the use of special dietary supplements of various nature, including protein in forms of specialized dry mixes, drinks, etc. of the research was to present the results of studies conducted abroad, presented in review publications and original articles, on the role of protein and the impact of its various levels of consumption on the maintenance of muscle mass as a criterion for the effectiveness of diets used, including in conditions of their reduced calorie content; on the safety of consuming significantly higher than recommended amounts of protein (>2.0 g/kg of body weight per day); about the relationship between protein dose and the possible increase in lean body mass.

[ study of the biological value of amaranth protein concentrate and its module with chicken egg protein].

Amaranth (Amaranthus L.), like other pseudocereals as quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), chia (Salvia hispanica L.

[Actual nutrition in adults with familial hypercholesterolemia].

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a highly atherogenic, genetically based lipid disorder. For patients with FH, dietary modification is the cornerstone of complex lipidlowering therapy. of the research was to assess the actual nutrition in adults with familial hypercholesterolemia.

[The oral microbiome in the context of systemic disease].

The oral microbiome is a community of symbiotic, commensal and opportunistic microorganisms, usually present in the form of biofilm, that plays a critical role in maintaining the homeostasis and protective function of the oral cavity. Recently, the study of the human oral microbiome to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches has become a promising new area of the research in the field of personalized medicine. of this review was to generalise and analyse the accumulated data on the relationship between the oral microbiome characteristics and the course of systemic diseases.

[Comparative aspect of normative (reference) values of indicators of length and weight of children living in the region of the Far North. Part 2. Body weight indicators].

Purpose Of The Study: to analyze the differences in the normative (reference) values of the body weight indicators of children and adolescents living in four ecological and geographical zones of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

Materials And Methods: Statistical data processing was carried out on 24,123 schoolchildren who do not have chronic diseases belonging to health groups I and II. Statistical, analytical, mathematical and sociological methods were used.