Allelotoxicity and Water Stability of Sod-Podzolic Soil after Growing Wheat on It.

It is well-known that soil allelotoxicity and the water stability of soil structure are determined by the entry of plant residues into the soil, but the relationship of these soil properties has not been investigated. Soil samples from the fields of the Federal Research Center "Nemchinovka" after growing 25 cultivars of spring and winter wheat on plots with sod-podzolic soil are selected in this study. The effect of the soil's allelotoxicity of plot samples on the germination of spring wheat seed of the Liza cultivar is studied by the biotesting method.

Plant Stress and Allelotoxicity of Soils.

Stress exposures during vegetation are known to reduce the yield in crops, but the intensity and duration of stress is rather difficult to determine from the crop loss. Allelotoxins are released from plants into soil on exposure to stress factors. Soil allelotoxicity after vegetation was assumed to provide a diagnostic parameter that characterizes the total stress effect on crops.

Environmentally Friendly Wheat Farming: Biological and Economic Efficiency of Three Treatments to Control Fungal Diseases in Winter Wheat ( L.) under Field Conditions.

The control of wheat diseases using bioagents is not well studied under field conditions. The present study was aimed at investigating, during four consecutive growing seasons (2017-2020), the efficacy of two integrated crop protection (ICP) systems to control the common wheat diseases for enhancing the productivity and profitability of winter wheat crops and ensuring nutritional and food security. Two environmental-friendly treatments were tested, biological (T1), which contained bioagents and fertilizers, and combined (T2), which included fertilizers and bioagents coupled with lower doses of fungicides.

Scientific breeding of winter bread wheat in the Non-Сhernozem zone of Russia: the history, methods and results.

The article describes the main stages and achievements of the breeding of winter bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Non-Chernozem zone for more than a century. The beginning of breeding work was laid by D.

Resistance of oat breeding lines to grain contamination with Fusarium langsethiae and T-2/HT-2 toxins.

Fusarium disease of oats reduces yield quality due to decreasing germination that is caused by the contamination of grain with mycotoxins produced by Fusarium fungi. The aim of this study was to characterize the resistance of naked breeding lines of oats to fungal grain infection and to contamination with T-2 and HT-2 toxins. Thirteen naked oat breeding lines and two naked varieties, Nemchinovsky 61 and Vyatskiy, as well as a husked variety Yakov, were grown under natural conditions in the Nemchinovka Federal Research Center in 2019-2020.

Complex resistance of spring and winter bread wheat lines to biotic and abiotic stresses.

An original initial material of spring and winter bread wheat with group resistance to stem and leaf rust was developed using new donors of resistance to stem rust: winter soft wheat GT 96/90 (Bulgaria) and accession 119/4-06rw with genetic material of the species Triticum migushovae and (Aegilops speltoides and Secale cereale), respectively, a line of spring wheat 113/00i-4 obtained using the species Ae. triuncialis and T. kiharae, as well as spring accession 145/00i with genetic material of the species Ae.

Phenotypic diversity of bread wheat lines with introgressions from the diploid cereal Aegilops speltoides for technological properties of grain and f lour.

The creation of varieties adapted to changing environmental conditions, resistant to various pathogens, and satisfying various grain purposes is impossible without using the genetic diversity of wheat. One of the ways to expand the genetic diversity of wheat is to introduce new variants of genes from the genetic pool of congeners and wild relatives into the genotypes of existing varieties. In this study, we used 10 lines from the Arsenal collection created on the genetic basis of the spring variety 'Rodina' and the diploid species Aegilops speltoides in the Federal Research Center "Nemchinovka" in 1994.