A New Empirical Equation to Take Into Account the Influence of Ionic Strength on Electrophoretic Mobility and Determination of Binding Constants of Ester Betulin Derivatives With Sulfated β-Cyclodextrin by Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis.

An empirical equation relating electrophoretic mobility and ionic strength was proposed. The equation includes a number of parameters that are found using the mobilities of reference ions: two coefficients in the numerator describing the linear relationship of the multiplier in front of the square root of the ionic strength with the product of the ion mobility in the background electrolyte (BGE) without additives by the modulus of the charge number, raised to a certain power, and also the multiplier in the denominator before the square root of the ionic strength. The proposed equation was tested using the mobilities measured in BGEs with the addition of sodium chloride to adjust ionic strength and sulfated β-cyclodextrin (S-β-CD) for 11 anions with charge numbers from -1 to -4.

Spray-dried cyclophosphamide-loaded polyhydroxyalkanoate microparticles: design and characterization.

Background And Purpose: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a widely used antitumor and immunosuppressive drug, but it is highly cytotoxic and has carcinogenic and teratogenic potential. To reduce adverse effects of CP therapy and the frequency of its administration, the microencapsulation of CP into biodegradable polymeric matrices can be performed. However, according to the literature, only a few polymers were found suitable to encapsulate CP and achieve its' sustained release.

Aptamer's Structure Optimization for Better Diagnosis and Treatment of Glial Tumors.

Oncological diseases are a major focus in medicine, with millions diagnosed each year, leading researchers to seek new diagnostic and treatment methods. One promising avenue is the development of targeted therapies and rapid diagnostic tests using recognition molecules. The pharmaceutical industry is increasingly exploring nucleic acid-based therapeutics.

Plant-based herding agent promising for oil spills response in cold regions and its effect on oil/water mixtures freezing and thawing as revealed by MRI.

This work reports on the first multi-scale NMR study of new plant-based herding agent suitable for application in Arctic marine environment. Using NMR spectroscopy the chemical components of the herding agent were established while through the NMR relaxometry and diffusometry the local dynamics, molecular mobility, and transport properties of the components were studied depending on water content upon dilution. MRI method was first applied to probe the effect of herder on freezing and thawing processes occurring in dodecane/water and light oil/water mixtures.

Challenges in Liquid-Phase Exfoliation of Non-van der Waals CrS.

Two-dimensional (2D) chromium(III) sulfide has recently attracted increased attention from researchers due to its interesting electronic and magnetic properties and has great potential for application in spintronics and optoelectronics to create sensitive photodetectors. However, the synthesis of 2D CrS crystals is still a challenging task. At present, the mainly used method is vapor deposition, which is a poorly scalable, time-consuming, and expensive process.

Using Computer Modeling and Experimental Methods to Screen for Aptamers That Bind to the VV-GMCSF-LACT Virus.

Oncolytic virotherapy is a promising approach for cancer treatment. However, when introduced into the body, the virus provokes the production of virus-neutralizing antibodies, which can reduce its antitumor effect. To shield viruses from the immune system, aptamers that can cover the membrane of the viral particle are used.

Design of Ctenophore Ca-Regulated Photoprotein Berovin Capable of Being Converted into Active Protein Under Physiological Conditions: Computational and Experimental Approaches.

Here, we describe (1) the AlphaFold-based structural modeling approach to identify amino acids of the photoprotein berovin that are crucial for coelenterazine binding, and (2) the production and characterization of berovin mutants with substitutions of the identified residues regarding their effects on the ability to form an active photoprotein under physiological conditions and stability to light irradiation. The combination of mutations K90M, N107S, and W103F is demonstrated to cause a shift of optimal conditions for the conversion of apo-berovin into active photoprotein towards near-neutral pH and low ionic strength, and to reduce the sensitivity of active berovin to light. According to the berovin spatial structure model, these residues are found in close proximity to the 6-(-hydroxy)-phenyl group of the coelenterazine peroxyanion.

Inhibition of M2 tumor-associated macrophages polarization by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway as a possible liver cancer therapy method.

The problem of liver cancer is becoming increasingly important due to the epidemic of metabolic diseases and persistent high alcohol consumption. This determines great attention to the development and improvement of methods for early diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer. Huang presented a study in the , in which they showed that the use of the traditional Chinese medicine (CB) can suppress tumor growth in mice by inhibiting M2 tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) through modulating the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Tailoring of Ultrasmall NiMnO Nanoparticles: Optimizing Synthesis Conditions and Solvent Effects.

Nickel manganese oxide (NiMnO) combines magnetic and dielectric properties, making it a promising material for sensor and supercapacitor applications, as well as for catalytic water splitting. The efficiency of its utilization is notably influenced by particle size. In this study, we investigate the influence of thermal treatment parameters on the phase composition of products from alkali co-precipitation of nickel and manganese (II) ions and identify optimal conditions for synthesizing phase-pure nickel manganese oxide.

Novel SOI-Biosensor Topology for the Detection of an Acute Myocardial Infarction Marker - Troponin I.

Unlabelled: A biosensor based on field-effect transistors on silicon-on-insulator structures (SOI-biosensor) is a high-potential device for detection of biological molecules, for instance, such as troponin I; the biosensor allows conducting label-free real-time analysis. is the development of SOI-biosensor design for detection of acute myocardial infarction marker - troponin I. A notable feature of this design was the integration of two grounding electrodes directly onto the biosensor surface, which effectively nullified the static potential of the liquid sample and minimized physical breakdowns of biosensor elements.

Unleashing the antitumor power of cyclophosphamide by arabinogalactan and aptamer conjugation.

Cyclophosphamide (CPA) (2-oxo-2-di(β-chloroethyl)amino tetrahydro-2,1,3-phosphoxazine) is an alkylating cytostatic compound with a broad spectrum of antitumor activity. Despite its efficacy, the clinical application of CPA is hindered by the significant occurrence of adverse side effects. To address these limitations, a promising approach involves the mechanochemical treatment of CPA with arabinogalactan (AG) to facilitate the dispersion of the drug within the AG matrix.

MiR-204-5p overexpression abrogates Dacarbazine-induced senescence in melanoma cells in vivo.

Cancer cell drug resistance hinders significantly therapeutic modalities in oncology. Dacarbazine is chemotherapeutic agent traditionally used for melanoma treatment although it's effectiveness insufficient. In the present study we performed NGS-based transcriptomic profiling of B16 melanoma tumors after Dacarbazine treatment in vivo.

In Vitro Hemocompatibility of Arabinogalactan, Betulin, and Betulin Derivatives.

The hemocompatibility of arabinogalactan, betulin and its derivatives was evaluated in vitro and samples suitable for creation of nanostructures or materials in contact with blood were selected. The prospects of arabinogalactan as a component of the construct (nanostructure) for drug delivery are due to the fact that it did not affect blood/plasma coagulation (at concentrations of 0.0033-3.

Application of the luminous bacterium Photobacterium phosphoreum for toxicity monitoring of selenite and its reduction to selenium(0) nanoparticles.

Luminous marine bacteria are traditionally used as a bioassay due to the convenience and high rate of registering the intensity of their physiological function - luminescence. This study aimed to develop the application of Photobacterium phosphoreum in traditional and novel fields - toxicity monitoring and biotechnology. We demonstrated (1) effects of selenite ions on bioluminescence, and (2) biotransformation of selenite to selenium(0) in the form of nanoparticles.

Parasites of the liver: A global problem?

Parasitic liver diseases can be caused by trematodes, cestodes, nematodes, and protozoa. This pathology is significant because millions of people in different parts of the world have liver parasites, which can manifest themselves in the development of inflammation, liver cysts, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, pancreatitis and liver cirrhosis that are often threatening their lives. The International Agency for Research on Cancer considers three species of trematodes, , and , to be carcinogens.

Visualization of Brain Tumors with Infrared-Labeled Aptamers for Fluorescence-Guided Surgery.

Gliomas remain challenging brain tumors to treat due to their infiltrative nature. Accurately identifying tumor boundaries during surgery is crucial for successful resection. This study introduces an innovative intraoperative visualization method utilizing surgical fluorescence microscopy to precisely locate tumor cell dissemination.

Theoretical modeling of electronic absorption spectra of ionized species of β-diketones.

Context: Direct DFT evaluation of negatively charged or highly π-delocalized systems is intrinsically problematic. Single ionized (anionic) forms of β-diketones combine both these issues. In this article, we have summarized and analyzed the experimental and theoretical spectral dataset for anionic forms of different substituted perfluorinated β-diketones that were obtained by our team during the past few years.

Partial asynchrony of coniferous forest carbon sources and sinks at the intra-annual time scale.

As major terrestrial carbon sinks, forests play an important role in mitigating climate change. The relationship between the seasonal uptake of carbon and its allocation to woody biomass remains poorly understood, leaving a significant gap in our capacity to predict carbon sequestration by forests. Here, we compare the intra-annual dynamics of carbon fluxes and wood formation across the Northern hemisphere, from carbon assimilation and the formation of non-structural carbon compounds to their incorporation in woody tissues.

Comparative Proteomic Profiling of Blood Plasma Revealed Marker Proteins Involved in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.

Temporal lobe epilepsy has various origins, involving or not involving structural changes in brain tissue. The mechanisms of epileptogenesis are associated with cell regulation and signaling disruptions expressed in varied levels of proteins. The blood plasma proteomic profiling of temporal lobe epilepsy patients (including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-positive and MRI-negative ones) and healthy volunteers using mass spectrometry and label-free quantification revealed a list of differently expressed proteins.

Cytotoxic and radical activities of metal-organic framework modified with iron oxide: Biological and physico-chemical analyses.

Metal-organic framework (MOF) modified with iron oxide, FeO-MOF, is a perspective drug delivery agent, enabling magnetic control and production of active hydroxyl radicals, •OH, via the Fenton reaction. This paper studies cytotoxic and radical activities of Fe-containing nanoparticles (NPs): FeO-MOF and its components - bare FeO and MOF (MIL-88B). Luminous marine bacteria Photobacteriumphosphoreum were used as a model cellular system to monitor bioeffects of the NPs.

Composition and Content of Fatty Acids in Muscle Tissue of the Potanin Altai Osman Oreoleuciscus potanini (Cypriniformes, Actinopterigii) from Mongolian Reservoirs.

The composition of fatty acids in the muscle tissue of the unique Central Asian carp-like fish, Potanin Altai osman Oreoleuciscus potanini, was studied for the first time. The populations of these fish in the reservoirs of the semiarid zone (Durgun and Taishir) during the period of their formation are considered. It was shown that the content of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids in O.

Bioluminescent aptamer-based microassay for detection of melanoma inhibitory activity protein (MIA).

Melanoma inhibitory activity protein (MIA) does obviously offer the potential to reveal clinical manifestations of melanoma. Despite a pressing need for effective diagnosis of this highly fatal disease, there are no clinically approved MIA detection ELISA kits available. A recommended MIA threshold has not yet been defined, mostly by reason of variability in immunoglobulins' affinity and stability, the difference in sample preparation and assay conditions.