Effect of Gamma Radiation on Cytogenetic and Growth Endpoints of Allium cepa Seedlings in Long-Term Experiments.

The effect of γ-radiation on the growth and cytogenetic endpoints of Allium cepa L. seedlings in a long period after irradiation in absorbed doses from 1.0 to 10.

Possible risks for the functioning of cyclic processes in the experimental model of a closed ecosystem.

The purpose of the present study is to consider a number of possible risks that may emerge when processed human wastes are involved into mass exchange processes as fertilizers for plants cultivated in the experimental model of the closed ecosystem (CEEM). The problems relating to the disruption of cycling processes in closed ecosystems can be tentatively divided into two groups: the problems that can be rather easily overcome and the chronic problems. Addition of plant inedible biomass to the soil-like substrate (SLS) can result in a decrease in plant productivity because of allelopathic interactions and enhanced growth of microorganisms.

Sugar Beet Molasses as a Potential C-Substrate for PHA Production by .

To increase the availability and expand the raw material base, the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) by the wild strain B-10646 on hydrolysates of sugar beet molasses was studied. The hydrolysis of molasses was carried out using -fructofuranosidase, which provides a high conversion of sucrose (88.9%) to hexoses.

Tracing the invasion of a leaf-mining moth in the Palearctic through DNA barcoding of historical herbaria.

The lime leaf-miner, Phyllonorycter issikii is an invasive micromoth with an unusually higher number of haplotypes in the invaded area (Europe, Western Siberia) compared to its putative native region (East Asia). The origin of the genetic diversity in the neocolonized region remains unclear. We surveyed over 15 thousand herbarium specimens of lime trees (Tilia spp.

Worldwide diversity of endophytic fungi and insects associated with dormant tree twigs.

International trade in plants and climate change are two of the main factors causing damaging tree pests (i.e. fungi and insects) to spread into new areas.

Adaptation of a Bacterial Bioluminescent Assay to Monitor Bioeffects of Gold Nanoparticles.

Our current study aimed to adapt a bioluminescent bacteria-based bioassay to monitor the bioeffects of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Luminous marine bacteria and AuNPs modified with polyvinylpyrrolidone were employed; low-concentration (≤10 g/L) bioeffects of AuNPs were studied. Bioluminescence intensity was used as an indicator of physiological activity in bacteria.

Size and structure effects on platinum nanocatalysts: theoretical insights from methanol dehydrogenation.

Methanol dehydrogenation on Pt nanoparticles was studied as a model reaction with the focus on size and structure effects employing the density functional theory approach. The effect of cluster morphology is manifested by the higher adsorption energy of COH intermediates on vertexes and edges of model nanoparticles compared to closely packed terraces. Moreover, due to the size effect, the adsorption sites of Pt nanoparticles (1.

N-extended photoprotein obelin to competitively detect small protein tumor markers.

Two variants of Ca-regulated photoprotein obelin, extended from the N-terminus with small tumor markers - melanoma inhibitory activity protein (MIA) and survivin, one of the protein inhibitors of apoptosis, were designed, obtained and studied. Both domains in the obtained hybrid proteins exhibit the properties of the initial molecules: the main features of Ca-triggered bioluminescence are close to those of obelin, and the tumor markers' domains are recognized and bound by the corresponding antibodies. The obtained hybrids compete with the corresponding tumor markers for binding with antibodies, immobilized on the surface and their use has been shown to be promising as bioluminescent labels in a one-stage solid-phase competitive immunoassay.

Biological invasion costs reveal insufficient proactive management worldwide.

The global increase in biological invasions is placing growing pressure on the management of ecological and economic systems. However, the effectiveness of current management expenditure is difficult to assess due to a lack of standardised measurement across spatial, taxonomic and temporal scales. Furthermore, there is no quantification of the spending difference between pre-invasion (e.

Bacterial Cellulose (BC) and BC Composites: Production and Properties.

The synthesis of bacterial cellulose (BC) by strain B-12068 was investigated on various C-substrates, under submerged conditions with stirring and in static surface cultures. We implemented the synthesis of BC on glycerol, glucose, beet molasses, sprat oil, and a mixture of glucose with sunflower oil. The most productive process was obtained during the production of inoculum in submerged culture and subsequent growth of large BC films (up to 0.

Production and Properties of Microbial Polyhydroxyalkanoates Synthesized from Hydrolysates of Jerusalem Artichoke Tubers and Vegetative Biomass.

One of the major challenges in PHA biotechnology is optimization of biotechnological processes of the entire synthesis, mainly by using new inexpensive carbon substrates. A promising substrate for PHA synthesis may be the sugars extracted from the Jerusalem artichoke. In the present study, hydrolysates of Jerusalem artichoke (JA) tubers and vegetative biomass were produced and used as carbon substrate for PHA synthesis.

Features of Functionalization of the Surface of Alumina Nanofibers by Hydrolysis of Organosilanes on Surface Hydroxyl Groups.

Small additions of nanofiber materials make it possible to change the properties of polymers. However, the uniformity of the additive distribution and the strength of its bond with the polymer matrix are determined by the surface of the nanofibers. Silanes, in particular, allow you to customize the surface for better interaction with the matrix.

Development of Cellular and Enzymatic Bioluminescent Assay Systems to Study Low-Dose Effects of Thorium.

Thorium is one of the most widespread radioactive elements in natural ecosystems, along with uranium, it is the most important source of nuclear energy. However, the effects of thorium on living organisms have not been thoroughly studied. Marine luminescent bacteria and their enzymes are optimal bioassays for studying low-dose thorium exposures.

Trinuclear ReFePt clusters with a μ-phenylvinylidene ligand: synthetic approaches, rearrangement of vinylidene, and redox-induced transformations.

A series of trinuclear μ-vinylidene ReFePt clusters were synthesized by the application of two approaches: (i) reactions of the binuclear RePt μ-vinylidene complexes with Fe(CO); (ii) ligand substitution or exchange reactions at the Pt atom in the synthesized ReFePt clusters. The molecular structures of CpReFePt(μ-CCHPh)(CO)[P(OEt)]L [L = CO; P(OEt)] were determined by an X-ray diffraction study. The obtained compounds were studied by IR and H, C and P NMR spectroscopy.

Acceleration by Double Activation Catalysis and its Negation with Rising Temperature in Hydrolysis of Cellobiose with Phthalic and Hydrochloric Acids.

Double activation catalysis was experimentally observed in hydrolysis of cellobiose catalyzed simultaneously with phthalic and hydrochloric acids, confirming earlier theoretical prediction known from literature. Both acids can catalyze the reaction individually, and contribution of the double-activation pathway to the total reaction rate declines as temperature increases. In fact, above a certain temperature, the hydrolysis rate in presence of both acids becomes lower than the sum of the rates for the two acids acting individually.

C-radiolabeled aptamer for imaging of tumors and metastases using positron emission tomography- computed tomography.

Identification of primary tumors and metastasis sites is an essential step in cancer diagnostics and the following treatment. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) is one of the most reliable methods for scanning the whole organism for malignancies. In this work, we synthesized an C-labeled oligonucleotide primer and hybridized it to an anti-cancer DNA aptamer.

Influence of the Filler Particles' Surface Morphology on the Polyurethane Matrix's Structure Formation in the Composite.

This article presents the surface morphology effect of silicon carbide (SiC) particles on the polyurethane binder's structure formation in a dispersed-filled composite. The difference in the morphology and surface relief of filler particles was ensured by the implementation of plasma chemical modification. As a result of this modification, the filler consisted of core-shell particles characterized by a SiC core and a carbon shell (SiC@C), as well as a carbon shell decorated with silicon nanoparticles (SiC@C/SiNP) or nanos (SiC@C/SiNW).

Adsorption and Oxidation of CO on Ceria Nanoparticles Exposing Single-Atom Pd and Ag: A DFT Modelling.

Various CO species formed upon the adsorption and oxidation of CO on palladium and silver single atoms supported on a model ceria nanoparticle (NP) have been studied using density functional calculations. For both metals M, the ceria-supported MCO moieties are found to be stabilised in the order MCO < MCO < MCO, similar to the trend for CO species adsorbed on M-free ceria NP. Nevertheless, the characteristics of the palladium and silver intermediates are different.

Crystal structure of semisynthetic obelin-v.

Coelenterazine-v (CTZ-v), a synthetic derivative with an additional benzyl ring, yields a bright bioluminescence of Renilla luciferase and its "yellow" mutant with a significant shift in the emission spectrum toward longer wavelengths, which makes it the substrate of choice for deep tissue imaging. Although Ca -regulated photoproteins activated with CTZ-v also display red-shifted light emission, in contrast to Renilla luciferase their bioluminescence activities are very low, which makes photoproteins activated by CTZ-v unusable for calcium imaging. Here, we report the crystal structure of Ca -regulated photoprotein obelin with 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine-v (obelin-v) at 1.

Buckwheat-enriched diet alleviates bisphenol A mediated oxidative stress via modulation of sirtuin 1 and antioxidant status in experimental rats.

Present study investigated effect of dietary buckwheat in alleviating bisphenol A (BPA) mediated oxidative stress, concomitant sirtuin1 levels in serum, stomach, and liver of rats. Experimental group A and B ingested standard diet, C and D consumed buckwheat (30%); group A and C drank normal water, B and C had BPA contamination (10 mg L). Sirtuin1 mean B/A ratio nearing unity in all tissues reveals inertness of BPA towards sirtuin1.

Electrophoretic mobility of ester betulin derivatives and their complexation with γ-cyclodextrin studied by capillary electrophoresis in aqueous solutions at different pH values.

In this article, capillary electrophoresis was used to measure the effective electrophoretic mobility of ester betulin derivatives as a pH function and to study their complexation with γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD). The electrophoretic mobility of betulin 3,28-diphthalate (DPhB) and 3,28-disuccinate (DScB) changed unusually with decreasing pH: instead of decreasing, it first increased and then decreased. This fact as well as the turbidity of sample solutions at pH from 2.

Specific Activities of Hydromedusan Ca -Regulated Photoproteins.

Nowadays the recombinant Ca -regulated photoproteins originating from marine luminous organisms are widely applied to monitor calcium transients in living cells due to their ability to emit light on Ca binding. Here we report the specific activities of the recombinant Ca -regulated photoproteins-aequorin from Aequorea victoria, obelins from Obelia longissima and Obelia geniculata, clytin from Clytia gregaria and mitrocomin from Mitrocoma cellularia. We demonstrate that along with bioluminescence spectra, kinetics of light signals and sensitivities to calcium, these photoproteins also differ in specific activities and consequently in quantum yields of bioluminescent reactions.

Assessment of the efficacy of slow-release formulations of the tribenuron-methyl herbicide in field-grown spring wheat.

The efficacy of slow-release formulations of tribenuron-methyl (TBM) embedded in the matrix of degradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) blended with birch wood flour [polymer/wood flour/herbicide 50/30/20 wt.%] was compared with the efficacy of TBM as the active ingredient of the Mortira commercial formulation, which was applied as post-emergence spray to treat spring wheat cv. Novosibirskaya 15.