Revolutionizing Cardiac Care: Artificial Intelligence Applications in Heart Failure Management.

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have revolutionized the diagnosis, risk assessment, and treatment of heart failure (HF). AI models have demonstrated superior performance in distinguishing healthy individuals from those at risk of congestive HF by analyzing heart rate variability data. In addition, AI clinical decision support systems exhibit high concordance rates with HF experts, enhancing diagnostic precision.

Trends in Mortality Due to Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the United States: A CDC WONDER Database Analysis (1999-2020).

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global health issue profoundly impacting quality of life. The United States accounts for nearly a quarter of the world's IBD patients, with the highest prevalence rates. This study aims to identify the demographic and regional trends of IBD-related mortality in the U.

Novel design of fractional cholesterol dynamics and drug concentrations model with analysis on machine predictive networks.

Within the intricate fabric of human physiology, cholesterol, a lipid present in cell membranes exerts a discernible effect on the concentration of the drug in human body that influence the aspects of drug pharmacokinetics. The objective of this work is to design a case study based fractional order cholesterol drug interaction model that encapsulates the nuanced dynamics inherent in the multifaceted human physiology with identification of essential variables including drug concentration K and cholesterol level γ. The strength of nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous inputs (NARX) neural networks are exploited to predict the temporal dynamics that reveal the hidden intricacies and subtle patterns within the fractional model.

Outcome of Nasal continuous positive airway pressure in neonates: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in term and preterm neonates with respiratory distress by evaluating successful outcomes, identifying factors contributing to treatment failure, and documenting associated complications.

Method: A comparative cross-sectional study design was employed. The research was conducted at Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Rawalpindi from November 2022 to July 2023.

Assessing Caregiving Burden in Family Caregivers of Depression and Schizophrenia in Pakistan.

Background And Objective: Care for family members is a significant characteristic of families in South Asia. A family is one unit, and every other member is emotionally connected and expected to take care of each other. However, the provision of care to a family member with mental illness can be physically as well as emotionally exhausting and distressing for the Family Caregiver.

Comparison of long-term clinical outcomes of bioabsorbable polymer versus durable polymer drug-eluting stents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: One million individuals in the USA die from acute myocardial infarction (MI), which currently affects 3 million people globally. The available data about the early and late outcomes of both biodegradable polymer drug-eluting stents (BP-DES) and durable polymer drug-eluting stents exhibit inconsistency. We performed a meta-analysis comparing the safety and efficacy of BP-DES with DP-DES.

Comparative Profiles of the WATCHMAN™ and Amplatzer™ Cardiac Plug/Amplatzer™ Amulet™ Devices for Left Atrial Appendage Closure in Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia marked by irregular and frequent tachycardic rhythms in the atria, affecting 1%-2% of the general population. The WATCHMAN™ device from Boston Scientific (Marlborough, MA, USA) and the Amplatzer™ Amulet™ device from Abbott (Chicago, IL, USA) are two devices used globally for left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) in non-valvular AF. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Elsevier's ScienceDirect literature databases to identify studies comparing the WATCHMAN™ procedure with Amulet™ device implantation for LAAC in patients with AF.

Cryptococcosis and Cryptococcal Meningitis: A Narrative Review and the Up-to-Date Management Approach.

Cryptococcosis is a fungal infectious disease that enormously impacts human health worldwide. Cryptococcal meningitis is the most severe disease caused by the fungus Cryptococcus, and can lead to death, if left untreated. Many patients develop resistance and progress to death even after treatment.

Systematic review of clinical manifestations, management and outcome following accidental ingestion of liquid mosquito repellent vaporiser in children.

Background: Pyrethroid-based mosquito repellents are widely used to control mosquito-borne diseases. Liquid mosquito-repellent vaporisers are effective modes of pyrethroid delivery but can also pose significant health risks if ingested or used improperly.

Objective: This systematic review was performed to assess the demographic distribution, clinical presentation, management strategies and outcomes in children resulting from accidental ingestion of liquid mosquito repellent vaporiser.

Comparison of physical activity levels and dietary habits between women with polycystic ovarian syndrome and healthy controls of reproductive age: a case-control study.

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive hormonal anomaly prevalent among women of reproductive age, with an alarmingly high prevalence of 52% among Pakistani women. This study aims to compare the daily physical activity and dietary habits of women with PCOS with age-matched healthy controls living in Lahore, Pakistan.

Methods: A case-control study design was used to collect data from a private hospital situated in Lahore, Pakistan.

Insertable cardiac monitoring devices versus external cardiac monitoring for detecting atrial fibrillation and preventing the recurrence of stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is a major risk factor for stroke, which is the second leading cause of death worldwide. It remains uncertain whether insertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) enhance the ability to recognize AF over external cardiac monitoring in patients who have experienced a stroke.

Aim: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether ICM devices are more effective than external cardiac monitoring for the detection of AF in stroke patients.

Diagnostic Modalities Used in Diagnosing Gastroparesis: A Clinical Review.

Gastroparesis is associated with abnormal gastric motility characterized by delayed gastric emptying without any obvious mechanical gastric outlet obstruction or blockage. Gastroparesis is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It is pertinent to make a timely diagnosis of gastroparesis so that prompt treatment can be initiated.

Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Management of Monkeypox Virus: A Clinical Review Article.

The start of 2022 was marked by the sudden surge in the detection of the viral disease - monkeypox. The recent and ongoing COVID-19 epidemic makes the re-emerging of viral zoonosis particularly worrisome. The rapid spread of the monkeypox virus has sparked concerns about the start of a new epidemic.

A rare phenomenon of pregorexia in Pakistani women: need to understand the related behaviors.

Background: In Pakistan, for a decade or so, there has been a huge increase in body ideals, and thinness and eating disorders reported during pregnancy. The purpose of the present research was to study the lived experiences and behaviors characterized by pregorexia in Pakistani young women.

Method: A phenomenological approach was used to study eating disorder-related behaviors among pregnant women.

Impact of COVID-19 on the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Clinical Review.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly throughout the world, causing a pandemic that has resulted in more than 5 million deaths globally. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is known to have high expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors in the human body, making it prone to direct damage from the cellular invasion of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Numerous GI symptoms have been reported among patients with COVID-19.

Effectiveness of Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food in Improving the Developmental Potential and Weight of Children Aged under Five with Severe Acute Malnourishment in Pakistan: A Pretest-Posttest Study.

The objective of this study was to assess whether the standard therapy of ready-to-use therapeutic food in the treatment of uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is effective in improving developmental potential and weight gain in children aged under five years. A multicenter pretest-posttest study was conducted among 91 children aged under five with uncomplicated SAM in Pakistan. Study participants completed their eight weeks' therapy of ready-to-use therapeutic food according to the World Health Organization's (WHO) standard guidelines.

Comparative analysis of developmental profile between normal and severe acute malnourished under-five children in Pakistan: a multicentre cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study aims to compare the developmental profile of severe acute malnourished (SAM) and normal under-five children and to find sociodemographic determinants accountable for their developmental disabilities.

Setting: We conducted a multi-centre cross-sectional study in three basic health units and one rural health centre in Pakistan.

Participants: 200 children (SAM and healthy) aged 6-59 months.

Developmental delay and its predictors among children under five years of age with uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition: a cross-sectional study in rural Pakistan.

Background: In developing countries, malnutrition in children and developmental delays are two major challenges for public health. To achieve the vision of the Sustainable Development Goals from the broader perspective of child health, early identification of developmental delays and timely intervention are crucial. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of suspected developmental delay and their predictors in children under the age of 5 years with uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition in rural areas of Pakistan.

Ileal Pouchitis With Endoscopic Pictures.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disorder, and almost one-third of UC patients ultimately undergo surgical interventions because of complications or refractory disease. Current restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the standard intervention for severe chronic UC with refractory disease. Several complications associated with this procedure can occur, including anastomotic leak, sepsis, and pouch ischemia.

Recurrent Hematemesis From Downhill Esophageal Varices: A Therapeutic Challenge for Gastroenterologists.

Downhill or upper esophageal varices have an etiology that differs from that of the "uphill" varices secondary to portal hypertension. Approximately 0.1% of all cases of variceal hemorrhage are due to downhill varices.

Poor sleep quality: A wake-up call for the elderly at a tertiary care centre in Islamabad, Pakistan.

Objective: To assess the burden of sleep disorders in the elderly, and the effects of various co-morbidities linked with sleep disorders.

Methods: The longitudinal cross-sectional study was conducted in different outpatient departments at a tertiary care centre in Islamabad, Pakistan, from June 2014 to June 2015, and comprised patients of either gender aged 60 years or above. Pittsburgh sleep quality index and Epworth sleepiness scale were used to measure the quality and patterns of sleep and daytime sleepiness in the elderly.

COVID-19 Trends and Forecast in the Eastern Mediterranean Region With a Particular Focus on Pakistan.

First reported in China, the coronavirus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread to 213 countries and territories around the world as of April 26, 2020. This study was designed to explore COVID-19 trends in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR), with a particular focus on Pakistan. Daily reports and updates from the Ministry of National Health Services Regulations and Coordination COVID-19 Pakistan and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control were collected and study-specific data were extracted and analyzed.

Significance of Brighton Criteria in the Early Diagnosis and Management of Guillain-Barré Syndrome.

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare but severe autoimmune disease and the usage of the Brighton criteria can be a source of great help in resource-limited settings. It encompasses all ages. Late diagnosis of GBS can have a significant negative impact on the prognosis.