A Framework for Measuring Neighborhood Walkability for Older Adults-A Delphi Consensus Study.

While mobility in older age is of crucial importance for health and well-being, it is worth noting that currently, there is no German language framework for measuring walkability for older adults that also considers the functional status of a person. Therefore, we combined the results of an expert workshop, a literature review, and a Delphi consensus survey. Through this, we identified and rated indicators relevant for walkability for older adults, additionally focusing on their functional status.

Exploring pre-pandemic patterns of vaccine decision-making with the 5C model: results from representative surveys in 2016 and 2018.

Background: The 5C psychological antecedents of vaccination (Confidence, Complacency, Constraints, Calculation, and Collective Responsibility) facilitate understanding vaccination decisions in specific target groups as well as the general public's informational needs. This study aims to explain pre-pandemic vaccination behaviour (a) in general, (b) for specific vaccines such as influenza, and (c) for certain target groups (e.g.

Climate change and public health in Germany - A synthesis of options for action from the German status report on climate change and health 2023.

Background: This article represents the conclusion of the updated German status report on climate change and health, which was jointly written by authors from over 30 national institutions and organisations. The objectives are (a) to synthesise the options for action formulated in the report, (b) to combine them into clusters and guiding principles, (c) to address the success factors for implementation, and (d) to combine the options for action into target parameters.

Methods: The options for action from the individual contributions of the status report were systematically recorded and categorised (n=236).

Development and reliability testing of an audit toolbox for the assessment of the physical activity friendliness of urban and rural environments in Germany.

Background: According to socio-ecological theories, physical activity behaviors are linked to the physical and social neighborhood environment. Reliable and contextually adapted instruments are needed to assess environmental characteristics related to physical activity. This work aims to develop an audit toolbox adapted to the German context, to urban and rural settings, for different population groups, and different types of physical activity; and to evaluate its inter-rater reliability.

How are families in Germany doing in 2022? Study protocol of a nationally representative, cross-sectional study of parents with children aged 0-3 years.

Background: In order for Early Childhood Intervention (ECI) to be effective, data-based information on families' resources, burden and current use of support services for families with young children, as well as on children's health and development is needed. The study Kinder in Deutschland [Children in Germany]-KiD 0-3 2022 aims at providing these data to help us understand families' situation and needs in Germany now, including families' experience of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: The study will recruit up to 300 pediatricians who will invite parents of children aged up to 48 months to participate in the study during a well-child visit.

Addressing health inequalities in Europe: key messages from the Joint Action Health Equity Europe (JAHEE).

Health inequalities within and between Member States of the European Union are widely recognized as a public health problem as they determine a significant share of potentially avoidable mortality and morbidity. After years of growing awareness and increasing action taken, a large gap still exists across Europe in terms of policy responses and governance. With the aim to contribute to achieve greater equity in health outcomes, in 2018 a new Joint Action, JAHEE, (Joint Action Health Equity Europe) was funded by the third EU Health Programme, with the main goal of strengthening cooperation between participating countries and of implementing concrete actions to reduce health inequalities.

Health promotion and disease prevention registries in the EU: a cross country comparison.

Background: Health promotion and disease prevention programme registries (HPPRs), also called 'best practice portals', serve as entry points and practical repositories that provide decision-makers with easy access to (evidence-based) practices. However, there is limited knowledge of differences or overlaps of howe current national HPPRs in Europe function, the context and circumstances in which these HPPRs were developed, and the mechanisms utilised by each HPPR for the assessment, classification and quality improvement of the included practices. This study prepared an overview of different approaches in several national HPPRs and the EU Best Practice Portal (EU BPP) as well as identified commonalities and differences among the core characteristics of the HPPRs.

Digital Technologies for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention in Older People: Scoping Review.

Background: Digital technologies have the potential to contribute to health promotion and disease prevention in the aging world.

Objective: This study aims to identify digital technologies for health promotion and disease prevention that could be used independently by older people in nonclinical settings using a scoping review.

Methods: Through database (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and SCOPUS; to March 3, 2022) and manual searches (to June 14, 2022), 90 primary studies and 8 systematic reviews were included in this scoping review.

Interventions simultaneously promoting social participation and physical activity in community living older adults: A systematic review.

Background: In recent years, there has been a global trend toward an increase in life expectancy and the proportion of elderly people among the population. In this regard, it becomes important to promote active and healthy aging. Physical inactivity and social isolation are both risk factors of many chronic illnesses and highly prevalent in older adults.

CAT HPPR: a critical appraisal tool to assess the quality of systematic, rapid, and scoping reviews investigating interventions in health promotion and prevention.

Background: For over three decades researchers have developed critical appraisal tools (CATs) for assessing the scientific quality of research overviews. Most established CATs for reviews in evidence-based medicine and evidence-based public health (EBPH) focus on systematic reviews (SRs) with studies on experimental interventions or exposure included. EBPH- and implementation-oriented organisations and decision-makers, however, often seek access to rapid reviews (RRs) or scoping reviews (ScRs) for rapid evidence synthesis and research field exploration.

Students' perception and learning experience in the first medical clerkship.

Background: The German clerkship ("Famulatur") is the first phase in medical education, in which students learn from a physician's perspective. According to the German Licensing Regulations for Physicians, students shall "familiarise" with providing care. However, specific learning objectives for the clerkship are not defined, although the acquisition of different competencies is implicitly demanded.

Sexuality education for young people in Germany.Results of the 'Youth Sexuality' representative repeat survey.

The Federal Centre for Health Education (BZgA) has been conducting the 'Youth Sexuality' representative survey on a regular basis since 1980. This continuous monitoring generates insights into the sexual and reproductive health of young people in Germany and constitutes an important basis for evidence-based health communication. A total of N=6,032 young people between the ages of 14 and 25 participated in a combination of oral and written interviews (Computer Assisted Personal Interviews (CAPI)).

Does one size fit all? A qualitative study about the need for individualized information transfer for orthognathic patients.

Aims: For any orthodontic-orthognathic treatment, it is crucial that patients are provided with enough and proper information in order to make evidence-based decisions- not only prior to treatment start, but also throughout the course of therapy. Thus, the objectives of this qualitative study were to identify information needs of patients undergoing combined orthodontic-orthognathic treatment. Additionally, professionals' perspectives were evaluated.

Alcohol Use of German Adults during Different Pandemic Phases: Repeated Cross-Sectional Analyses in the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring Study (COSMO).

There is little evidence on how different COVID-19 pandemic phases influence the alcohol use behaviour of adults. The objective of this study is to investigate alcohol use frequency over different COVID-19 pandemic phases and to identify vulnerable subgroups for risky use behaviour in the German adult population. Survey waves of 14/15 April 2020 ( = 1032), 23/24 June 2020 ( = 993), and 26/27 January 2021 ( = 1001) from the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) were analysed.

Frequent Cannabis Use Moderates the Relationship Between Sexual Dysfunction and Depression Among Female German Adults.

Background: Sexual dysfunction and heavy substance use (alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis) play an important role in the development of depression, while frequent substance use affects sexual dysfunction.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the association between sexual dysfunction and depression among German adults in a nationally representative sample and the effect of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use on this association using moderator analysis.

Methods: Data come from the German Health and Sexuality Survey (GeSiD) with N = 4,955 men and women aged between 18 and 75 years.

Evaluation of a cross-sectoral care intervention for families with psychosocial burden: a study protocol of a controlled trial.

Background: Family risk factors, e.g. low socioeconomic status or parental mental health disorders, can affect children's health and development.

The Well-Being of the German Adult Population Measured with the WHO-5 over Different Phases of the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis within the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring Study (COSMO).

The aim of this study is to evaluate factors associated with the subjective well-being (SWB) and suspected depression measured with WHO-5 among German adults during different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. Survey data were analyzed from the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) study, which collected data from 972, 1013, and 973 participants in time point 1 (19-20 May 2020), time point 2 (15-16 September 2020), and time point 3 (21-22 December 2020), respectively. Descriptive analyses and logistic regression analyses to identify the factors associated with suspected depression (WHO-5 ≤ 50) were conducted.

Emotional Situation of Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany: Results from the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring Study (COSMO).

The COVID-19 pandemic led to numerous restrictions in daily life that had a significant impact on the well-being and mental health of the population. Among others, children and adolescents were particularly affected, being a vulnerable group at risk. The aim of this study was to assess the emotional situation of children and adolescents during different phases of the pandemic and to identify modifying factors.

Attitude toward a mandatory COVID-19 vaccination policy and its determinants: Evidence from serial cross-sectional surveys conducted throughout the pandemic in Germany.

Background: Mandating vaccination against COVID-19 is often discussed as a means to counter low vaccine uptake. Beyond the potential legal, ethical, and psychological concerns, a successful implementation also needs to consider citizens' support for such a policy. Public attitudes toward vaccination mandates and their determinants might differ over time and, hence, should be monitored.

Establishing a Mental Health Surveillance in Germany: Development of a framework concept and indicator set.

In the course of the recognition of mental health as an essential component of population health, the Robert Koch Institute has begun developing a Mental Health Surveillance (MHS) system for Germany. MHS aims to continuously report data for relevant mental health indicators, thus creating a basis for evidence-based planning and evaluation of public health measures. In order to develop a set of indicators for the adult population, potential indicators were identified through a systematic literature review and selected in a consensus process by international and national experts and stakeholders.

Prevalence and determinants of anxiety and depression in long-term breast cancer survivors.

Background: There is a significant number of long-term breast cancer survivors in Germany. However, research on the psychological challenges of cancer survivors is limited. This analysis describes prevalence, development and determinants of depression and anxiety 5 to 6 years after diagnosis and identifies predictors for an increase of anxiety and depression over time.

Use of and Satisfaction with Telemedicine Services during the Pandemic: Findings from the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring in Germany (COSMO).

Our aim was to investigate to what extent physician visits were replaced by telemedicine services because of the COVID-19 pandemic and the satisfaction with such telemedicine services. Cross-sectional data from the "COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring in Germany" (COSMO, wave 49 from 11 to 12 August 2021 with = 967). The average age was 44.

Characteristics and patterns of health and social service use by families with babies and toddlers in Germany.

Objectives: In the field of family health, cross-sectoral collaboration is promoted to reach vulnerable groups and overcome the prevention dilemma. To understand the extent to which these measures counteract the effects of social inequality with respect to health and social service uptake, we aim to identify socio-economic, health-related and psychosocial characteristics and patterns that are associated with the (non-)use of services.

Study Design: This was a German representative cross-sectional study of 6860 mothers with a child younger than 48 months who answered the written questionnaire during child developmental examinations at paediatric practices in 2015.