[The results of a multicenter open observational study of the efficacy and safety of the dietary supplement Neururidine N in patients with acute nonspecific lower back pain in daily outpatient practice (the NEURO-N study)].

Objective: To study the efficacy and safety of the use of high (200 mg) doses of uridine monophosphate in combination with choline (dietary supplement, dietary supplement, Neururidine N) in the treatment of patients with nonspecific back pain.

Material And Methods: An open observational study was conducted, which included 101 patients with acute PB; group 1 included 65 patients who received Neurouridine N (1 caps/day) meloxicam (7.5-15 mg/day) and meloxicam (7.

[Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of the effectiveness of Prospekta in the treatment of vascular cognitive impairment of varying severity].

Objective: To conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy of Prospekta in the treatment of SCI of varying severity.

Material And Methods: The meta-analysis included the results of RCTs of the efficacy of Prospekta in the treatment of VCI, the severity of which was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Scale (MoCA). The pooled effect estimate included all publications of double-blind, placebo-controlled RCTs that provided sufficient MoCA efficacy data to support further statistical analysis.

[A role of cerebrovascular diseases in the progression of multiple sclerosis].

Objective: To identify the association between cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) among patients over 50 years old in two independent populations of Moscow and Tyumen.

Material And Methods: The study included 94 patients with MS in combination with CVD (main group) and 90 age-and sex-matched patients with MS without a vascular history (comparison group). An analysis of parameters such as disease duration, EDSS at different time points, disease progression index, duration of first remission in each population separately and in both populations together was carried out.

[Cognitive impairment in cerebrovascular diseases].

Cognitive impairment, which is highly prevalent, especially among older people, leads to a decrease in the quality of life of patients, impairment of daily activities, and an increased risk of dementia and mortality. Currently, much attention is paid to mild cognitive impairment. The article discusses diagnostic criteria and possible clinical variants of this syndrome.

[Long-term efficacy and safety of divozilimab during 2-year treatment of multiple sclerosis patients in randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial BCD-132-4/MIRANTIBUS].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody divozilimab (DIV) used as an intravenous infusion at a dose of 500 mg every 24 weeks during 100 weeks for the treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), including relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and secondary progressive MS (SPMS) with relapses.

Material And Methods: The multicenter, randomized, double-blind and double-masked phase III clinical trial (CT) BCD-132-4/MIRANTIBUS (NCT05385744) included 338 adult patients with MS distributed in a 1:1 ratio into two groups: DIV 500 mg and teriflunomide (TRF) 14 mg. After screening, subjects were included in the main CT period, which consisted of two cycles of therapy over 48 weeks, then entered an additional period from weeks 49 to 100, which included three cycles of therapy.

[The effectiveness of tele-rehabilitation for patients with multiple sclerosis during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020-2021 was evaluated in this study].

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of telerehabilitation (TELEREBT) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in the context of the coronavirus pandemic 2020-2021.

Material And Methods: The study included 37 patients with MS who underwent a course of teleRBT. The course included 10 classes of 60 minutes for 10 days with a two-day break.

[The complex effect of polyphenols on the gut microbiota and triggers of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease].

Intestinal dysfunction and microbiome changes are actively discussed in the modern literature as the most important link in the development of neurodegenerative changes in Parkinson's disease. The article discusses the pathogenetic chain «microbiome- intestine-brain», as well as factors that affect the development of intestinal dysbiosis. A promising direction for influencing microflora and inflammatory changes in the intestine is the use of polyphenols, primarily curcumin.

[Clinical features and modern diagnostic criteria of the disease associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease].

Demyelinating disease of the central nervous system associated with antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOGAD) has been proposed to be distinguished from neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) into a separate nosological form. The basis for the recognition of nosological independence was the presence of clinical features of this disease and the detection of a specific biomarker in the blood serum of patients - IgG class antibodies to MOG. The article summarizes the current data on the clinical and radiological phenotypes of MOGAD in children and adults and the features of the course of the disease.

[Postural stability and walking in Parkinson's disease].

The article is of an overview nature and is devoted to movement disorders in Parkinson's disease. The article discusses the existing problems according to the latest literature data, a review on the treatment and rehabilitation of postural instability. Special attention in the article is paid to dopamine receptor agonists - namely, piribedil, prescribed for the correction of these disorders.

[Assessment of the efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab in patients with highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in Russian population].

Objective: To evaluate the severity and frequency of infusion reactions (IR) in patients with highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) In Russian population receiving alemtuzumab therapy.

Material And Methods: In retrospective study, we analyzed data from 50 patients with highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) from six Regional MS Centers in the Russian Federation who received two courses of alemtuzumab between 2018 and 2022.

Results: Among all IRs, the most frequently reported were hives-like rashes, which were registered in 27 people, mostly of mild severity (70.

[Features of pharmacotherapy of vascular cognitive impairment in the elderly].

The problem of pharmacotherapy of elderly and senile people is currently extremely relevant due to the aging of the population and the increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. One of the most serious problems of the elderly is the development of cognitive decline due to cerebrovascular pathology. However, elderly patients often have a large number of comorbid diseases, which leads to difficulties in diagnosing and managing these patients, and often to the development of polypharmacy, which can lead to deterioration in functional status, cognitive impairment, adverse reactions and drug interactions.

[Efficacy and safety of antiCD20 monoclonal antibody divozilimab during 48-week treatment of multiple sclerosis patients in randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial BCD-132-4/MIRANTIBUS].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody divozilimab (DIV) used as an intravenous infusion at a dose of 500 mg for the treatment of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) in comparison with the teriflunomide (TRF). The study of the efficacy and safety of the use of the drug DIV was carried out for 48 weeks of therapy.

Material And Methods: The multicenter, randomized, double-blind and double-masked phase III clinical trial (CT) BCD-132-4/MIRANTIBUS included 338 adult patients with RRMS distributed in a 1:1 ratio into two groups: DIV 500 mg and TRF 14 mg.

[New neuroimaging methods in assessing the activity of neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis].

The review presents current data on the use of positron emission tomography and single-photon emission computed tomography in multiple sclerosis (MS) to assess the activity of the pathological process, including neuroinflammation, demyelination, activation of microglia, neurodegeneration and local blood flow disorders. These methodologies are a new approach for studying the mechanisms of action and evaluating the clinical effect of disease modifying therapy of MS, especially those capable of penetrating into brain tissue. Among them, the most attention is attracted by cladribine tablets acting on the mechanism of immune reconstitution therapy, most likely with the modulation of immune reactions directly in the brain tissue.

[Efficacy and safety of the drug Cellex for the treatment of patients with cognitive impairment with chronic cerebral ischemia - results of a multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of using Cellex for the treatment of cognitive impairment as part of the complex therapy of patients with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) compared with placebo.

Material And Methods: The study randomized 300 patients with a reliable diagnosis of CCI stage 1-2, all participants were divided into two groups, 150 participants in each - main and control. The study drug Cellex or placebo was administered as two 10-day treatment courses, 1 ml once a day.

[Asthenia, mental fatigue and cognitive dysfunction].

Conditions associated with asthenia are usually characterized by increased fatigue, impaired activities of daily living and decreased productivity. In clinical practice it is important to distinguish between idiopathic chronic fatigue (primary or functional asthenia) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Fatigue can also be classified by neuromuscular and/or cognitive and mental fatigue.

[Efficacy and safety of divozilimab during 24-week treatment of multiple sclerosis patients in randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial BCD-132-2].

Objective: To find the optimal therapeutic dose of the anti-B cell mAb divozilimab (DIV) based on the efficacy and safety data of intravenous administration at a dose of 125 mg or 500 mg in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) compared to placebo (PBO) and teriflunomide (TRF). To study the efficacy and safety of DIV within 24 weeks of treatment.

Material And Methods: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind and double-masked, placebo-controlled phase 2 clinical trial (CT) BCD-132-2 involved 271 adult patients with RRMS from 25 centres In Russia.

[Cerebrolysin in the treatment of cognitive impairment].

Cognitive impairment is one of the most important problems of modern health care. Currently, according to WHO, more than 55 million people worldwide are living with dementia. Dementia is one of the leading causes of disability and addiction among older people worldwide.

[Vascular cognitive impairment].

Vascular cognitive impairment is considered the second most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease. One of the most significant factors leading to vascular dementia is stroke, which increases the risk of developing dementia by about 2 times. Delayed-onset post-stroke dementia is mainly due to severe small vessel disease, recurrent stroke, or concomitant Alzheimer's disease.

[Postoperative cognitive dysfunction].

In recent years, there has been an aging trend throughout the world. Globally, it is estimated that 50% of all older people have had at least one surgical operation. It is well known that compared with younger patients, people over 60 years of age have a higher risk of adverse postoperative outcomes.

[Expression analysis of miRNAs from the DLK1-DIO3 locus in CD4+ and CD14+ cells in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis].

Objective: To analyze the expression of several previously unstudied miRNAs from the locus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and in CD14 and CD4 cell subpopulations in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and healthy individuals.

Material And Methods: MiRNA expression analysis was performed in PBMC, CD14, and CD4 cells of 14 patients who did not take immunomodulatory drugs, and 14 individuals without autoimmune and inflammatory diseases by reverse transcription followed by real-time PCR.

Results: Expression levels of 10 miRNAs selected based on different criteria were significantly higher in PBMC in men with RRMS compared to healthy men; in women, their expression did not change in a similar comparison.

[Prospects for the use of polyphenols in multiple sclerosis].

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating autoimmune disease. Therapy for MS does not always slow down the progression of the disease. In many cases, pathogenetic therapy of MS leads to serious side-effects, in particular, to immunosuppression, limiting using of various disease modifying therapy (DMT) in MS.

[Dance therapy in the rehabilitation of neurological diseases].

A literature review of clinical trials on the effectiveness of the use of dance movement therapy in patients with neurological diseases is presented. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of dance movement therapy on non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease is presented. Dance movement therapy was found to have a significant positive effect on cognitive impairment, but no effect on depression, fatigue, and apathy.

[A symptom of the central vein in various diseases and protocols of MRI examination].

This article reviews the literature concerning the possibility of using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with different field strengths to detect the central vein sign (CVS). CVS is a relatively new and promising symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS). This symptom is a parenchymal vein visualized with the help of special MRI modes, which is localized in the focus of demyelination.

[Dissection of brachiocephalic arteries as a complication of open neurosurgery: case report and literature review].

Background: Abnormal styloid processes cause dissection of supra-aortic arteries in some cases. In total, about 33 cases have been described in the world and national literature. However, there were no dissections associated with neurosurgery.