Embryo Selection for a Carrier of an Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease-Associated Mutation in the PSEN1 Gene.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative dementia. It manifests as early-onset or late-onset AD. Early-onset AD represents about 5.

Age- and Sex-Different Associations between Cognitive Performance and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Community Dwelling Older Adults: towards Precision Preventive Strategies.

Background: Studies have demonstrated associations between inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive function in people with dementia or stroke, but little is known regarding these associations in healthy middle-aged and older populations.

Objectives: This study aims to examine associations between inflammatory biomarkers (both vascular and systemic) and cognitive performance in stroke- and dementia-free middle-aged and older adults without apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE ε4) allele carriers.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Socioeconomic Status and Risks of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 39 Prospective Studies.

Background: In recent decades, increased attention has been paid to the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on cognition function and dementia, however, an ongoing debate continues to exist. The objective of our study was to explore the potential effect of SES on the risks of cognitive dysfunction and dementia.

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were searched for prospective studies from inception to 9 January 2022.

The Use of Episodic Memory Tests for Screening in Clinical Trials for Early Alzheimer's Disease: A Comparison of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS).

Background: Screening procedures for early Alzheimer's disease (AD) trials seek to efficiently identify participants who fulfill clinical and biomarker criteria for AD and enrich for those most likely to experience significant clinical progression during the study. Episodic memory performance is often assessed in screening, but the utility of different memory tests for optimizing screening efficiency and/or rates of clinical progression remains uncertain.

Objectives: Cross-study comparisons of the effects of inclusion criteria based on performance on the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) or the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) on screen-failure rates for episodic memory and β-amyloid (Aβ) positivity (by CSF or PET) and on subsequent rates of clinical disease progression in randomized participants across three clinical trials in early (prodromal-to-mild) AD.

Poor Health Behaviors among Housebound Japanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults Due to Prolonged Self-Restraint during the First COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background: Prolonged self-restraining behaviors induced by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic's containment measures can limit various positive health behaviors.

Objective: We examined the decline in going-out and certain other positive health behaviors and investigated the relationship between excessive decreases in going-out frequency and declining engagement in positive health behaviors among community-dwelling older adults during the self-restraint period.

Design: This study employed a cross-sectional survey design.

Food Assistance Programs and Reduced Hospitalizations for Older Adults with Diabetes.

Diabetes is an increasingly common and costly condition for older adults. Each year, as many as 1 in 3 Medicare dollars is spent to treat and manage diabetes and associated comorbidities for people with diabetes. To control health care spending in the US, it is imperative that we identify factors for reducing hospitalizations for these individuals.

Risk of Four Geriatric Syndromes: A Comparison of Mental Health Care and General Hospital Inpatients.

An observational, cross-sectional study is conducted to compare elevated risk scores of four geriatric syndromes (falls, malnutrition, physical impairment, delirium) in older hospitalized psychiatric patients (n=178) with patients hospitalized in a general hospital (n=687). The median age of all patients was 78 years (IQR 73.3-83.

Associations between Dietary Variety and Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older People Who Live Alone: Gender Differences.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the influences of living arrangements on the association between dietary variety and frailty by gender in community-dwelling older people.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Setting: Nishinomiya city, Hyogo prefecture, Japan.

The potential role of telemedicine in the infectious disease pandemic with an emphasis on COVID-19: A narrative review.

Background And Aims: Due of its low cost, rapid speed, data record, and vast communication coverage, information and communication technology might be useful for health-related fields in times of crisis. By providing medical or hygienic services to a patient who lives elsewhere using communication methods like email, fax, cellphones, applications, and wireless gadgets, telemedicine can aid in the better management of diseases. Reviewing the potential role of telemedicine in the pandemic of infectious diseases with a focus on the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic was the main goal of this study.

High intensity interval training and L-Arginine supplementation decrease interleukin-6 levels in adult trained males.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of six weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and L-Arginine supplementation on interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and body composition in Iranian adult trained males.

Methods: This experimental study was performed as an intervention with a pretest-posttest design in three experimental groups and one control group. Fortyeight young males from Qazvin province (Iran) were selected voluntarily based on convenience sampling.

Association of High Muscle Mass with Carotid Atherosclerosis: A Community-Based Population Cohort Study.

Objectives: Although low muscle mass may make an under-appreciated contribution to increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases, no prospective studies have explored the association between low muscle mass and carotid atherosclerosis. We investigated whether muscle mass was related to a higher carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT) and carotid artery plaque in a community-based population.

Methods: The study included 1,253 asymptomatic participants without known cardiovascular disease, who underwent carotid ultrasonography at baseline in 2013-2014 and received a re-examination in 2015-2016.

The Burden of Colorectal Cancer Attributable to Diet Low in Fiber from 1990 to 2019: A Global, Regional and National Analysis.

Objectives: The colorectal cancer (CRC) burden is increasingly high. The aim of this study was to investigate temporal and geographical trends in CRC deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to diet low in fiber globally from 1990 to 2019.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Polypharmacy Predicts Onset and Transition of Frailty, Malnutrition, and Adverse Outcomes in Peritoneal Dialysis Patient.

Background: Polypharmacy, frailty and malnutrition are known predictors of adverse outcomes in dialysis patients. Little has reported about their interaction and composite prognostic values. We aimed to describe the interaction between polypharmacy, frailty, nutrition, hospitalization, and survival in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Influence of Nutritional Status on a Family-Centered Care Intervention for Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment following Hip-Fracture Surgery: Secondary Data Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: In Taiwan, older adults with cognitive impairment who undergo hip-fracture surgery are routinely cared for by family members. This study aimed to determine if nutritional status influenced the effects of a family-centered intervention for older adults with cognitive impairment recovering from hip-fracture surgery.

Design: Secondary data analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial was conducted to examine the influences of nutritional status 1 month after hospital discharge on the effects of a family-centered care intervention model, which was designed for older adults with hip fracture and cognitive impairment.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Trajectories of ADL Disability among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China: Findings from the CHARLS Cohort Study.

Objectives: There is little evidence on the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and disability trajectories among middle-aged and older adults. This study aimed to investigate the association between ACEs and activities of daily living (ADL) trajectories over eight years of follow-up and the mediation role of different chronic diseases on this relationship.

Design: Prospective cohort study, eight-year follow-up.

Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Brazilian University Drummers and Percussionists: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: In recent years, the number of university drummers and percussionists in Brazil has been increasing. Extensive instrumental practice and repetitive rehearsals are related to the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms among many of these percussion instrumentalists (e.g.

Subretinal Implantation of RPE on a Carrier in Minipigs: Guidelines for Preoperative Preparations, Surgical Techniques, and Postoperative Care.

Degenerative disorders of the retina (including age-related macular degeneration), which originate primarily at or within the retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) layer, lead to a progressive disorganization of the retinal anatomy and the deterioration of visual function. The substitution of damaged RPE cells (RPEs) with in vitro cultured RPE cells using a subretinal cell carrier has shown potential for re-establishing the anatomical structure of the outer retinal layers and is, therefore, being further studied. Here, we present the principles of a surgical technique that allows for the effective subretinal transplantation of a cell carrier with cultivated RPEs into minipigs.

Older American Women May Especially Benefit from Distributing and Consuming Protein for Decreasing Odds of Functional Limitations.

Objectives: Protein is a key macronutrient for preserving physical function, but the role of protein intake on functional status may differ in men and women. We sought to examine the associations of daily protein intake and distribution on functional limitations in older American men and women.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Dietary Iron Intake and New-Onset Hypertension: A Nationwide Cohort Study from China.

Objectives: The relationship of dietary iron intake with the risk of hypertension remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate the prospective association between dietary iron intake and new-onset hypertension among Chinese adults.

Design: A nationwide cohort study.

De-Training Effects Following Leucine-Enriched Whey Protein Supplementation and Resistance Training in Older Adults with Sarcopenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial with 24 Weeks of Follow-Up.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of de-training after a combined intervention of leucine-enriched whey protein supplementation and resistance training on skeletal muscle mass and strength in older adults with sarcopenia.

Design: A randomized controlled trial.

Setting: A community in Hyogo, Japan.

Proactive Referral to Behavioral Smoking Cessation Programs by Healthcare Staff: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Behavioral smoking cessation programs are an effective tool for quitting smoking, yet remain underused by smokers. Proactive referral may be a promising strategy for healthcare staff to connect smokers to such programs.

Aims And Methods: The aim of this study was to gain insight into the effectiveness and implementability of proactive referral of smokers to behavioral smoking cessation programs by healthcare staff.

Synergistic Effect of Cation Composition Engineering of Hybrid Cs FA PbBr Nanocrystals for Self-Healing Electronics Application.

Mixed-cation hybrid perovskite nanocrystal (HPNC) with high crystallinity, color purity, and tunable optical bandgap offers a practical pathway toward next-generation displays. Herein, a two-step modified hot-injection combined with cation compositional engineering and surface treatment to synthesize high-purity cesium/formamidinium lead bromide HPNCs(Cs FA PbBr ) is presented. The optimized Cs FA PbBr light-emitting devices (LEDs) exhibit uniform luminescence of 3500 cd m and a prominent current efficiency of 21.

Physical Frailty and Hemoglobin-to-Red Cell Distribution Width Ratio in Japanese Older Outpatients.

The Frailty screening should be widely performed; however, simple and inexpensive biomarkers are missing. Biomarkers that can be routinely assessed in many patients are desirable. Recently, the hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio (Hb/RDW, HRR) has been suggested as a new prognostic marker and has been reported to be associated with inflammation, one of the factors contributing to frailty.

Frailty Status as a Novel Risk Stratification Tool in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis.

Background: Although frailty is a known predictor of mortality and complications across various disease states, it remains an understudied topic among patients with acute pancreatitis (AP).

Objectives: Our aim was to assess the impact of frailty on outcomes in patients with AP.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.