Calculating Route: Functional Trajectories and Long-Term Outcomes in Survivors of Severe COVID-19.

Objectives: We investigated functional trajectories after severe COVID-19 and estimated their associations with adverse outcomes (falls, rehospitalizations, institutionalization, or death), cognition and post COVID-19 condition within 1-year of hospital discharge.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: A large academic medical center in Sao Paulo, Brazil.

The Effect of Surgical Weight Loss on Cognition in Individuals with Class II/III Obesity.

Background: Obesity is a global epidemic and is associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. It remains unknown whether weight loss interventions, such as bariatric surgery, can mitigate cognitive impairment.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the effect of surgical weight loss on cognition in individuals with class II/III obesity.

Family Anesthesia Experience: Improving Social Support of Residents Through Education of Their Family and Friends.

Introduction: The prevalence of burnout among anesthesiology residents is 41%-51%. Burnout is associated with medical errors, physician turnover, and substance use disorder. Social support and wellness may reduce burnout, but a barrier is support persons' lack of understanding of an anesthesiologist's work demands.

Survey in radiation oncology departments in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland: state of digitalization by 2023.

Purpose: The aim of this work was to assess the current state of digitalization in radiation oncology departments in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland.

Methods: A comprehensive survey was conducted in a digital format, consisting of 53 questions that covered various aspects of digitalization including patient workflow, departmental organization, radiotherapy planning, and employee-related aspects.

Results: Overall, 120 forms were eligible for evaluation.

Effect of feruloylated arabinoxylan on the retrogradation and digestibility properties of pea starch during short-term refrigeration: Dependence of polysaccharide structure and bound ferulic acid content.

In this study, arabinoxylans (AX) with various molecular weights (M) and bound ferulic acid (FA) contents were prepared to compare their effects on the gelatinization, short-term retrogradation and digestive properties of pea starch (PeS). The results indicated that all AX samples could obviously impede the pasting process of PeS and inhibit the short-term retrogradation of PeS-based gels during refrigeration by hindering the rearrangement and double helical associations of amylose. More precisely, AXs with low M and the highest FA content (H-FAX) exhibited the strongest intervention ability on PeS compared with the other samples.

Life Expectancy in Pre-Frail and Frail States with and without Disability: 18-Years of Follow-Up Data from the HEPESE Study Using the Markov Chain Method.

We estimated the total life expectancy (TLE), frailty-free life expectancy (FFLE), frail life expectancy (FLE), pre-frail life expectancy (PFLE), and FLE with and without disability among 2,000 Mexican Americans aged ≥67 years over an 18-year period. Frailty was defined as the presence of ≥2 criteria (weight loss, weakness, self-reported exhaustion, slowness). We used the Markov chain method to estimate the TLE, FFLE, FLE, PFLE, and FLE with and without disability by age and gender.

Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Eating Pattern Reduces the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer in American Adults Aged 55 Years and Above: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) pattern has been found to aid in the reduction of obesity, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation, which are all strongly linked to the development of head and neck cancer (HNC). Nevertheless, no epidemiological studies have investigated the association between this dietary pattern and HNC risk. This study was conducted with the purpose of bridging this gap in knowledge.

Effect of Multicomponent Intervention on Functional Decline in Chinese Older Adults: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objectives: To confirm whether multicomponent exercise following vivifrail recommendations was an effective method for improving physical ability, cognitive function, gait, balance, and muscle strength in Chinese older adults.

Methods: This was a multicenter and randomized clinical trial conducted in Jiangsu, China, from April 2021 to April 2022. Intervention lasted for 12 weeks and 104 older adults with functional declines were enrolled.

Comparative Analysis of Intrinsic Capacity Impairments, Determinants, and Clinical Consequences in Older Community-Dwellers in Japan and Taiwan: Longitudinal Studies Showing Shared Traits and Distinct Presentations.

Objectives: Despite the recognized impact of intrinsic capacity (IC) impairment on healthy aging, international comparisons in different sociocultural contexts are scarce. This study aimed to compare IC impairment among community-dwelling older adults in Japan and Taiwan to explore the context of healthy aging in different countries.

Design: Comparative observational study.

Association between Fiber Intake and Risk of Incident Chronic Kidney Disease: The UK Biobank Study.

Objectives: Dietary fiber intake is associated with a lower risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. However, it is unknown whether dietary fiber has a beneficial effect on preventing the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Design, Setting, Participants And Measurements: Using the UK Biobank prospective cohort, 110,412 participants who completed at least one dietary questionnaire and had an estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥60 mL/min/1.

Association between Iodized Salt Intake and Cognitive Function in Older Adults in China.

Objectives: To investigate the association between iodized salt intake and cognitive function in older adults.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Settings: Individuals from the Zhejiang Major Public Health Surveillance Program (ZPHS).

Characteristics and Therapeutic Needs of Older Patients with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia Admitted to a General Hospital.

Background: Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is a prevalent geriatric syndrome causing severe nutritional and respiratory complications.

Objective: We aimed to describe the characteristics and therapeutic needs of older patients with OD admitted to a general hospital.

Design, Participants And Measurements: Prospective cohort study with patients (≥70 years) with OD consecutively admitted to a general hospital.

The Impact of Frailty Status on Pulmonary Function and Mortality in Older Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the effect of frailty on lung function and disease outcomes in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Design: Retrospective observational cohort.

Setting And Participants: At baseline, comprehensive geriatric assessment and pulmonary function tests were extracted from the case management care system of the geriatric department of a tertiary medical center.

Association between Reduction of Muscle Mass and Faster Declines in Global Cognition among Older People: A 4-Year Prospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: A few studies reported that both decrease and increase in body mass index (BMI) were associated with the development of dementia in later life. However, it is unclear what changes in body composition are associated with cognitive decline. This study investigated the longitudinal influences of changes in body composition on cognitive function among community-dwelling adults.

Complications of foldable intraocular lenses requiring explantation or secondary intervention: 2022 survey with update of long-term trends.

Purpose: To assess the complications that resulted in the explantation or secondary intervention with foldable intraocular lenses (IOLs).

Setting: University setting, Salt Lake City, Utah.

Design: Survey study.

Questionnaire survey of the frequency of dietary intake during hemodialysis and the impact of COVID-19 in Japan.

Background: There have been no coherent reports on the effects of dietary intake during hemodialysis in Japan. Furthermore, few studies have reported the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on them. This study aimed to investigate dietary intake during hemodialysis and its impact on the spread of COVID-19.

Inter-physician Communication in Pediatric Orthopaedics: What do Pediatricians Want to Hear From us?

Background: Pediatric orthopaedic surgeons often communicate with general pediatric providers to facilitate patient care, but little data exist on communication preferences. This study investigates pediatric provider preferences regarding when they would like to receive patient updates from pediatric orthopedists, which communication modalities they prefer, and what information they like to receive.

Methods: We developed a 19-question e-mail survey to evaluate provider preferences on communication modality, timing, frequency, and what data they deem important as it relates to musculoskeletal patient care.

Resistance Exercise Program in Cognitively Normal Older Adults: CERT-Based Exercise Protocol of the AGUEDA Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: To provide a comprehensive CERT (Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template)-based description of the resistance exercise program implemented in the AGUEDA (Active Gains in brain Using Exercise During Aging) study, a randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of a 24-week supervised resistance exercise program on executive function and related brain structure and function in cognitively normal older adults.

Design And Participants: 90 cognitively normal older adults aged 65 to 80 were randomized (1:1) to a: 1) resistance exercise group; or a 2) wait-list control group. Participants in the exercise group (n = 46) performed 180 min/week of resistance exercise (3 supervised sessions per week, 60 min/session) for 24 weeks.

Associations between Various Sleep-Wake-Related Indicators and Nutritional Status in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Yilan Study, Taiwan.

Objectives: To elucidate the relationship between various sleep-wake-related indicators and nutritional status.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Community-based survey between 2017 and 2022 in Yilan City, Taiwan.

Alteration in Gut Microbiota Composition of Older Adults Is Associated with Obesity and Its Indices: A Systematic Review.

Background: Obesity in the older adults is a health concern that increases the risk of several life-threatening diseases. Previous research has been revealed that alterations in the gut microbiota composition is related to obesity. So, understanding the gut microbiota changes in older adults' obesity may help to provide promising strategies for their health management.