[Current patient care of systematic lupus erythematosus in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland].

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a clinically heterogeneous autoimmune disease that is associated with great suffering for those affected, as well as high socioeconomic costs. Early diagnosis and adequate medical care are essential for a mild course of the disease. However, there is a lack of current figures and data on the care situation of patients in the area.

Central retinal artery occlusion after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation.

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a vascular ophthalmic emergency. Often caused by a sudden interruption of blood flow to the eye, with profound and painless vision loss, resulting in irreversible cell damage. An impacted embolus at the narrowest part of the central retinal artery is the most common cause.

Interprofessional collaboration in the home care setting: perspectives of people receiving home care, relatives, nurses, general practitioners, and therapists-results of a qualitative analysis.

Background: About one million people in need of home care in Germany are assisted by 15,400 home care services. Home healthcare is mostly a complex endeavour because interprofessional collaboration is often challenging. This might negatively impact patient safety.

Higher Cognitive Reserve Is Beneficial for Cognitive Performance Via Various Locus Coeruleus Functional Pathways in the Pre-Dementia Stage of Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Cognitive reserve (CR) shows protective effects on cognitive function in older adult and in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the brain mechanisms underlying the CR effect on the non-dementia AD spectrum (subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI)) are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential moderate effect of CR on brain functional networks associated with cognitive performance.

Beyond Vision: A View from Eye to Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia.

With the aging of the global population, the health care burden of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia is considered to increase dramatically in the coming decades. Given the insufficiency of effective interventions for AD and dementia, clinical research on identifying potentially modifiable risk factors and early diagnostic biomarkers becomes a public health priority. Currently, extracerebral manifestations with a large proportion of ocular involvement are usually recognized to precede the symptoms of AD and dementia.

Cardiovascular Risk Scales Association with Cerebrospinal Fluid Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Low Cardiovascular Risk Regions.

Background: Cardiovascular risk factors are associated with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) development. However, few studies compare the overall cardiovascular risk with AD biomarkers, and when done, they are mainly performed in moderate cardiovascular risk regions.

Objectives: To determine whether cardiovascular risk in older adults is associated with pathological cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of AD in a low cardiovascular risk population.

Impact of Cohabitation during Confinement on Older Adults' Negative Affect: What Specificity of Life as a Couple?

Background: Social isolation is a risk factor for older adults' physical and psychological health. The beneficial effect of social connections in times of major health events is undeniable. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether the positive effect of social support depends on the relationship type.

Frailty-Related Factors among Women Living with and without HIV Aged 40 Years and Older. The Women's Interagency HIV Study.

Background: Frailty is a clinical, geriatric syndrome linked to disability and mortality; and may be associated with a variety of factors among underrepresented and underserved women living with HIV (WLWH) and without HIV (WLWOH) transitioning through the adult life course.

Objectives: Determine whether a published set of factors associated cross-sectionally with frailty in WLWH and similar WLWOH at average age 39 years in 2005/2006 were associated with frailty in 2018/2019 among women who initiated frailty assessments at age ≥40 years, or whether a new set of factors were associated with frailty.

Design: Cross-sectional analyses within a longitudinal cohort study.

The Pictorial Fit-Frail Scale Malay Version (PFFS-M): Predictive Validity Testing in Malaysian Primary Care.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between Pictorial Fit Frail Scale-Malay version (PFFS-M) and adverse outcomes, such as falls, new disability, hospitalisation, nursing home placement, and/or mortality, in patients aged 60 and older attending Malaysian public primary care clinics. We assessed the baseline PFFS-M levels of 197 patients contactable by phone at 18 months to determine the presence of adverse outcomes. 26 patients (13.

Relationship between Body Mass Index and Sarcopenia with Oral Function Decline in Older Japanese Patients Who Regularly Attend a General Dental Clinic.

Background And Objective: This study examined the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and sarcopenia with oral function decline in older patients as well as whether a combination of underweight BMI and sarcopenia was associated with decreased oral function in individuals with conservative restorative and prosthetic treatment for masticatory disorders.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study included 290 older Japanese patients who regularly attended a general dental clinic. A detailed examination of oral function, sarcopenia, and BMI according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria was conducted for patients aged 65 years.

Toward Innovation in Healthcare: An Analysis of the Digital Behavior of Older People in Europe and Japan for the Introduction of a Technological Coaching System.

(1) Background: The increasing older population and demographic shifts highlight the need to understand the digital profiles of older adults, a pivotal factor in developing innovative technologies like the e-VITA virtual coach. This personalized coach provides recommendations for sustainable well-being in a smart home environment. (2) Methods: This study focuses on analyzing the characteristics of older individuals categorized as Internet users (onliners) and non-users (offliners).

Are Population-Level Approaches to Dementia Risk Reduction Under-Researched? A Rapid Review of the Dementia Prevention Literature.

Dementia is forecast to become increasingly prevalent, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, and is associated with high human and economic costs. Primary prevention of dementia -preventing risk factors leading to disease development - is an emerging global public health priority. Primary prevention can be achieved in two ways: individual-level or population-level.

Association of Blood MicroRNA Expression and Polymorphisms with Cognitive and Biomarker Changes in Older Adults.

Background: Identifying individuals before the onset of overt symptoms is key in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Objectives: Investigate the use of miRNA as early blood-biomarker of cognitive decline in older adults.

Design: Cross-sectional.

The Therapeutic Effects of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Combined with Cognitive Training in Elders with Alzheimer's Disease or Amnesic Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Background: Recent studies have indicated that noninvasive brain stimulation combined with cognitive interval (NIBS-CI) improved cognitive function in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or Amnesic mild cognitive impairment (a-MCI). While previous interventions have demonstrated that a single targeted cognitive intervention can improve cognitive function, the outcomes of using both interventions simultaneously are less well-established. Therefore, this study aims to perform a meta-analysis to determine the effectiveness of NIBS-CI in treating cognitive impairment associated with AD and a-MCI, with the goal of obtaining novel insights into this combined intervention.

China Alzheimer's Disease and Neurodegenerative Disorder Research (CANDOR) -A Prospective Cohort Study for Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Cognitive Impairment.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) are the two main causes of dementia. AD and VCI share similar symptoms of cognitive decline and may be attributable to similar risk factors. Establishing a prospective cohort to compare VCI and AD would help to understand vascular risk factors related to dementia.

High-Fat Diet-Induced Diabetic Conditions Exacerbate Cognitive Impairment in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease Via a Specific Tau Phosphorylation Pattern.

Background: Epidemiological evidence has demonstrated a clear association between diabetes mellitus and increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cerebral accumulation of phosphorylated tau aggregates, a cardinal neuropathological feature of AD, is associated with neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Clinical and experimental studies indicate that diabetes mellitus affects the development of tau pathology; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown.

Association of Balance Impairment with Risk of Incident Dementia among Older Adults.

Background: A growing body of data suggests that balance impairment may be linked to the onset of dementia.

Objectives: However, a large-scale epidemiologic investigation is needed to clarify its association in older adults.

Design: A retrospective-prospective hybrid database.

Phase 1/2a Intravenous and Subcutaneous Oligomer-Specific Antibody KHK6640 in Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: KHK6640 is a novel humanized anti-amyloid beta oligomer-specific antibody. Both KHK6640 and the mouse parent antibody E64 have demonstrated high potency and efficacy for cognitive improvement in several rodent Alzheimer's disease models, including an anti-amyloid beta injection mouse model and in age-matched double transgenic littermates. The favorable safety and pharmacokinetic profiles of KHK6640 reported in preclinical studies warrant clinical trials in Alzheimer's disease patients.

The Impact of Closed-Loop Imaging on Actionable CT-Detected Breast Findings.

Purpose: Closed-loop imaging programs (CLIPs) are designed to ensure that patients receive appropriate follow-up, but a review of incidental CT-detected breast findings in the setting of CLIPs has not been performed.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of CT reports at a single academic institution from July 1, 2020, to January 31, 2022, to identify reports with recommendations for breast imaging follow-up. Medical records were reviewed to evaluate patient adherence to follow-up, CLIP intervention, subsequent BI-RADS assessment, and diagnosis.

Pharmacists and transitions of care from emergency department to home.

Objectives: To determine the impact of a pharmacist-led telephone outreach program among patients discharged from the emergency department (ED) to home.

Study Design: We conducted a randomized controlled study from February to November 2019 at a tertiary care academic medical center.

Methods: At ED discharge, participants were randomly assigned to usual care (controls) or usual care plus the pharmacist's review (intervention group).

Perovskite Single Crystals with Self-Cleaning Surface for Efficient Photovoltaics.

Metal halide perovskite single crystals are promising for diverse optoelectronic applications. As a universal issue of solution-grown perovskite single crystals, surface contamination causes adverse effect on material properties and device performance. Herein, learning from the self-cleaning effect of lotus leaf, we address the surface contamination issue by introducing an amphiphilic long-chain organic amine into the perovskite crystal growth solution.

Associations between Macronutrients Intake and Bone Mineral Density: A Longitudinal Analysis of the Health Workers Cohort Study Participants.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between macronutrient intake and bone mineral density (BMD) using non-substitution and substitution statistical approaches.

Design: Longitudinal analysis.

Settings And Participants: 1,317 adults in the Health Worker Cohort Study in Mexico.