Objective Measures of Physical Activity and Frailty in Ambulatory Adults Aged 85-89 Years in Kawasaki, Japan: A Cross-sectional Study.

Background: While physical activity (PA) can reduce physical frailty, the specific intensity and duration of PA required to prevent frailty are yet to be defined.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between objectively measured PA or sedentary behavior (SB) and physical frailty and to explore the theoretical effect of replacing SB with different intensities of PA on the risk of frailty.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Associations of Blood Pressure Trajectories with Subsequent Cognitive Decline, Dementia and Mortality.

Background: Hypertension may harm cognitive performance, but the potential correlates of longitudinal patterns of blood pressure (BP), especially diastolic BP (DBP), to cognition have been unclear.

Objectives: To examine long-term BP trajectories in relation to subsequent cognitive decline, incident dementia and all-cause mortality in the general population.

Design: Population-based cohort study.

Integrated Service Delivery Model in Primary Care to Improve Frailty in Older Malaysians: GeKo Integrated Service Delivery.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the implementation stage of Malaysia's GeKo-Integrated Service Delivery (ISD) model for frailty management in primary care and explore its effectiveness in improving frailty scores.

Methods: The implementation stage of Malaysia's first three GeKo- ISD clinics was assessed using the WHO-ICOPE (Integrated Care of the Older Persons) scorecard. This involved evaluating documents related to the GeKo services and conducting in-depth interviews with key informants identified from those documents.

Use of coronary physiology to guide revascularization in clinical practice: results of the F(FR) registry.

Background: Despite the recommendation of coronary physiology to guide revascularization in angiographically intermediate stenoses without established correlation to ischemia, its uptake in clinical practice is slow.

Aims: This study aimed to analyze the use of coronary physiology in clinical practice.

Methods: Based on a multicenter registry (Fractional Flow Reserve Fax Registry, F(FR), ClinicalTrials.

Higher Cognitive Reserve Is Beneficial for Cognitive Performance Via Various Locus Coeruleus Functional Pathways in the Pre-Dementia Stage of Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Cognitive reserve (CR) shows protective effects on cognitive function in older adult and in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the brain mechanisms underlying the CR effect on the non-dementia AD spectrum (subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI)) are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential moderate effect of CR on brain functional networks associated with cognitive performance.

Beyond Vision: A View from Eye to Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia.

With the aging of the global population, the health care burden of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia is considered to increase dramatically in the coming decades. Given the insufficiency of effective interventions for AD and dementia, clinical research on identifying potentially modifiable risk factors and early diagnostic biomarkers becomes a public health priority. Currently, extracerebral manifestations with a large proportion of ocular involvement are usually recognized to precede the symptoms of AD and dementia.

Impact of Cohabitation during Confinement on Older Adults' Negative Affect: What Specificity of Life as a Couple?

Background: Social isolation is a risk factor for older adults' physical and psychological health. The beneficial effect of social connections in times of major health events is undeniable. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether the positive effect of social support depends on the relationship type.

The Pictorial Fit-Frail Scale Malay Version (PFFS-M): Predictive Validity Testing in Malaysian Primary Care.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between Pictorial Fit Frail Scale-Malay version (PFFS-M) and adverse outcomes, such as falls, new disability, hospitalisation, nursing home placement, and/or mortality, in patients aged 60 and older attending Malaysian public primary care clinics. We assessed the baseline PFFS-M levels of 197 patients contactable by phone at 18 months to determine the presence of adverse outcomes. 26 patients (13.

The Therapeutic Effects of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Combined with Cognitive Training in Elders with Alzheimer's Disease or Amnesic Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Background: Recent studies have indicated that noninvasive brain stimulation combined with cognitive interval (NIBS-CI) improved cognitive function in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or Amnesic mild cognitive impairment (a-MCI). While previous interventions have demonstrated that a single targeted cognitive intervention can improve cognitive function, the outcomes of using both interventions simultaneously are less well-established. Therefore, this study aims to perform a meta-analysis to determine the effectiveness of NIBS-CI in treating cognitive impairment associated with AD and a-MCI, with the goal of obtaining novel insights into this combined intervention.

China Alzheimer's Disease and Neurodegenerative Disorder Research (CANDOR) -A Prospective Cohort Study for Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Cognitive Impairment.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) are the two main causes of dementia. AD and VCI share similar symptoms of cognitive decline and may be attributable to similar risk factors. Establishing a prospective cohort to compare VCI and AD would help to understand vascular risk factors related to dementia.

Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Eating Pattern Reduces the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer in American Adults Aged 55 Years and Above: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) pattern has been found to aid in the reduction of obesity, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation, which are all strongly linked to the development of head and neck cancer (HNC). Nevertheless, no epidemiological studies have investigated the association between this dietary pattern and HNC risk. This study was conducted with the purpose of bridging this gap in knowledge.

Effect of Multicomponent Intervention on Functional Decline in Chinese Older Adults: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objectives: To confirm whether multicomponent exercise following vivifrail recommendations was an effective method for improving physical ability, cognitive function, gait, balance, and muscle strength in Chinese older adults.

Methods: This was a multicenter and randomized clinical trial conducted in Jiangsu, China, from April 2021 to April 2022. Intervention lasted for 12 weeks and 104 older adults with functional declines were enrolled.

Comparative Analysis of Intrinsic Capacity Impairments, Determinants, and Clinical Consequences in Older Community-Dwellers in Japan and Taiwan: Longitudinal Studies Showing Shared Traits and Distinct Presentations.

Objectives: Despite the recognized impact of intrinsic capacity (IC) impairment on healthy aging, international comparisons in different sociocultural contexts are scarce. This study aimed to compare IC impairment among community-dwelling older adults in Japan and Taiwan to explore the context of healthy aging in different countries.

Design: Comparative observational study.

Association between Fiber Intake and Risk of Incident Chronic Kidney Disease: The UK Biobank Study.

Objectives: Dietary fiber intake is associated with a lower risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. However, it is unknown whether dietary fiber has a beneficial effect on preventing the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Design, Setting, Participants And Measurements: Using the UK Biobank prospective cohort, 110,412 participants who completed at least one dietary questionnaire and had an estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥60 mL/min/1.

Association between Iodized Salt Intake and Cognitive Function in Older Adults in China.

Objectives: To investigate the association between iodized salt intake and cognitive function in older adults.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Settings: Individuals from the Zhejiang Major Public Health Surveillance Program (ZPHS).

Late-Night Overeating and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in Adults Aged ≥ 50: A Cohort Study.

Background: Late-night overeating (LNOE) is closely associated with many health risk factors, but whether LNOE can increase the risk of death remains unknown. Thus, the prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the relationship between LNOE and mortality using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Methods: 11,893 participants aged 50 years and older were included in the study.

Combining a Frailty Index Based on Laboratory Data and Pneumonia Severity Assessments to Predict In-Hospital Outcomes in Older Adults with Community-Acquired Pneumonia.

Objectives: Due to the increased morbidity, mortality, and cost of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in older people, strategies directed at improving disease evaluation and prevention are imperative. We independently compared the 30-day in-hospital mortality prediction ability of a frailty index based on laboratory data (FI-Lab) with that of the CURB-65 and the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) and then proposed combining them to further improve prediction efficiency.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Insulin Resistance-Varying Associations of Adiposity Indices with Cerebral Perfusion in Older Adults: A Population-Based Study.

Objectives: Excessive accumulation of adipose tissue may accelerate brain aging, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Several adiposity indices were proposed to assess obesity, while their linkage with brain health in older adults remained unclear. Here we aimed to examine the associations of adiposity indices with global and regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in older adults, while considering insulin resistance.

Fructose Consumption is Associated with a Higher Risk of Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the association between fructose consumption and all-cause dementia, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia.

Methods: We used data from the Framingham Offspring Study (FOS) Cohort exams 5 through 9. Fructose consumption was quantified using a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at cohort examinations 5 and participants were dementia-free at baseline.

Association of Dental Caries with Muscle Mass, Muscle Strength, and Sarcopenia: A Community-Based Study.

Objectives: Changes in the oral cavity can reflect other changes throughout the body. This study aimed to investigate the association of dental caries with muscle mass, muscle strength, and sarcopenia, and also to describe the microbial diversity, composition, and community structure of severe dental caries and sarcopenia.

Design: Cross-sectional study based on a Chinese population aged from 50 to 85 years.

Socioeconomic Status and Risks of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 39 Prospective Studies.

Background: In recent decades, increased attention has been paid to the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on cognition function and dementia, however, an ongoing debate continues to exist. The objective of our study was to explore the potential effect of SES on the risks of cognitive dysfunction and dementia.

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were searched for prospective studies from inception to 9 January 2022.

Poor Health Behaviors among Housebound Japanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults Due to Prolonged Self-Restraint during the First COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background: Prolonged self-restraining behaviors induced by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic's containment measures can limit various positive health behaviors.

Objective: We examined the decline in going-out and certain other positive health behaviors and investigated the relationship between excessive decreases in going-out frequency and declining engagement in positive health behaviors among community-dwelling older adults during the self-restraint period.

Design: This study employed a cross-sectional survey design.

Malnutrition Increases the Risk of Left Ventricular Remodeling.

Objectives: Malnutrition is associated with increased incidence of heart failure (HF). Left ventricular (LV) remodeling is one of the most important processes in the occurrence and evolution of HF. However, the association between nutritional status and LV remodeling is not well known.