Association Between Lateralized Periodic Discharge Amplitude and Seizure on Continuous EEG Monitoring in Patients With Structural Brain Abnormality in Critical Illness.

Objective: To investigate the association between lateralized periodic discharge (LPD) amplitude and seizure risk on an individual level in patients with structural brain abnormality.

Methods: Retrospective case-control study of patients with structural brain abnormality undergoing continuous EEG monitoring was performed. We included 10 patients with LPDs and seizures as cases and 10 controls, patients with LPDs without seizure.

Leriche Syndrome with Digital Gangrene: Is Aortic Bypass Grafting Safe in Intravenous Drug Abusers? A Case Report and Literature Review.

A 47-year-old male with Leriche syndrome presented with digital gangrene due to TASC II type-D occlusion of the distal aorta and common iliac arteries. Open revascularization was performed using a Dacron aorto-biiliac bypass graft; however, the postoperative course revealed a nondisclosed history of intravenous opioid abuse as he went into withdrawal psychosis. Our report highlights ways to mitigate infection risk associated with prosthetic aortic grafts in suspected or confirmed intravenous drug abusers.

Spectrum of Dyslipidemias in Treatment-Naïve Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients Presenting to an HIV Clinic of a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Introduction HIV/AIDS is a major communicable disease worldwide, especially in developing countries where disease prevalence is over 90%. The National AIDS Control Programme of Pakistan reported around 160,000 HIV cases (140,000-190,000) with a 5% prevalence among traditional risks groups. HIV infection is thought to affect lipids metabolism adversely, thus resulting in increased morbidity and mortality.

Frequency of Urinary Tract Infections in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Taking Dapagliflozin.

Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in patients with diabetes. The use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) to achieve good glycemic control increases glucose levels in urine. This glycosuria further enhances the risk of UTIs.

Two-Year Experiences of 500 Appendectomies in Lahore General Hospital, Lahore.

Introduction Acute appendicitis is a leading cause of abdominal conditions in emergency departments. Evidence from research studies has indicated the efficacies of surgical procedures involving appendectomies. However, in Pakistan, there is a paucity of information regarding the epidemiology, clinical presentations, and surgical management of acute appendicitis.

Intratendinous Ganglionic Cyst of Semimembranosus: A Rare Cause of Thigh Swelling.

Ganglionic cysts are common swellings of the hands. Various mechanisms are thought to generate these lesions, such as cystic mucoid degeneration and inflammation. Typically, ganglionic cysts are asymptomatic but can cause pain.

Subinguinal versus peritesticular diameters of varicocele veins in the supine and standing posture.

Objective: To determine the region which should be taken as a standard of measurement for varicocele veins.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, from October 2018 to October 2019, and comprised patients aged 20-45 years diagnosed with left-sided varicocele and infertility having varicocele vein diameter >2.5mm on scrotal colour Doppler ultrasound.

Spectrum Of Ocular Manifestations Of Rheumatic Autoimmune Diseases: A Tertiary Care Experience In Pakistan.

Background: Eye involvement is a common and potentially devastating complication of various immune related rheumatic diseases. We aimed to determine the spectrum, associations and the impact of ocular manifestations among well characterised autoimmune rheumatic disease patients presenting to ophthalmology and rheumatology clinics in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan.

Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study performed in Rheumatology department of Fatima memorial hospital.

Efficacy of Flaxseed and Fish Oils on Adults with Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Objective: To assess the relative efficacy of flaxseed and fish oils in the management of rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods: The comparative study was conducted in the outpatient department of Rheumatology at Fatima Memorial Hospital, Shadman, Lahore, Pakistan, from July to December 2017, and comprised rheumatoid arthritis patients who were divided into group A receiving 3g/day of flaxseed oil and group B receiving 3g/day of fish oil for 90 days. Blood samples were taken at baseline and post-intervention to note the difference on biochemical parameters.

Treatment Exposure and Discontinuation in the PALbociclib CoLlaborative Adjuvant Study of Palbociclib With Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy for Hormone Receptor-Positive/Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Early Breast Cancer (PALLAS/AFT-05/ABCSG-42/BIG-14-03).

Purpose: The PALLAS study investigated whether the addition of palbociclib, an oral CDK4/6 inhibitor, to adjuvant endocrine therapy (ET) improves invasive disease-free survival (iDFS) in early hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer. In this analysis, we evaluated palbociclib exposure and discontinuation in PALLAS.

Methods: Patients with stage II-III HR+, HER2- disease were randomly assigned to 2 years of palbociclib with adjuvant ET versus ET alone.

Platelet-Rich Fibrin Used in Regenerative Endodontics and Dentistry: Current Uses, Limitations, and Future Recommendations for Application.

Regenerative endodontics has introduced numerous procedures such as pulp implantation, revascularization, and postnatal stem cell therapy. Revascularization has been successfully implemented clinically nowadays, thus providing dentists with outrageous results. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) used either alone or along with bone graft promotes bone growth and vascularization.

EFEMP1 rare variants cause familial juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma.

Juvenile open-angle glaucoma (JOAG) is a severe type of glaucoma with onset before age 40 and dominant inheritance. Using exome sequencing we identified 3 independent families from the Philippines with novel EFEMP1 variants (c.238A>T, p.

Symptom burden and functional performance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: The burden of COPD is growing, and it is one of the leading disease burdens worldwide. Studies on symptom burden as a multidimensional concept in COPD and functional performance are lacking, and little is known about the effect of multiple symptoms and symptom burden on functional performance.

Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional correlational survey design was used.

The Association of Rural-Urban Inhabitation With Gastric Adenocarcinoma Mortality and Treatment: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Based Study.

Background Gastric cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in the world and the third most common cause of death from cancer. The diagnosis and treatment are often complex and require a multifaceted approach. Hence, appropriate and timely management is essential for better patient outcomes.

Internet addiction and sleep quality among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multinational cross-sectional survey.

Background: The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lives of many people, including medical students. The present study explored internet addiction and changes in sleep patterns among medical students during the pandemic and assessed the relationship between them.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in seven countries, the Dominican Republic, Egypt, Guyana, India, Mexico, Pakistan, and Sudan, using a convenience sampling technique, an online survey comprising demographic details, information regarding COVID-19, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Internet Addiction Test (IAT).

Ethnopharmacological Study of Medicinal Plants in Bajwat Wildlife Sanctuary, District Sialkot, Punjab Province of Pakistan.

Bajwat Wildlife Sanctuary is a complex riverine ecosystem and is unique because of the presence of river Chenab, various seasonal streams, lakes, and Head Marala barrage. These ecogeographic conditions provide diverse natural habitats for various plant and animal species to grow uninterrupted and have undocumented ethnopharmacologically important medicinal flora. The present study involves the first-ever extensive investigation to document the ethnopharmacological knowledge on medicinal plants of local healers and inhabitants of the Bajwat Wildlife Sanctuary to treat ailments.

A leafy surprise: Case report of male breast malignant phyllodes.

Introduction And Importance: Phyllodes tumor is a biphasic fibroepithelial tumor which accounts for less than 1% of all breast neoplasms. We aim to raise awareness among clinicians that a male breast lump may be indicative of underlying sinister pathology and therefore, should be investigated thoroughly.

Case Presentation: A 62 year old male presented in clinic with right beast lump for the last 6 weeks.

Placenta accreta risk-antepartum score in predicting clinical outcomes of placenta accreta spectrum: A multicenter validation study.

Objective: To validate the use of placenta accreta risk-antepartum (PAR-A) score as a predictive tool of clinical outcomes of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS).

Methods: This is a prospective study, conducted in six PAS specialized centers in six different countries. The study was conducted between October 1, 2020 and March 31, 2021.

The Role and Efficacy of Coenzyme Q10 in the Management of Erectile Dysfunction in a Hypertensive Male: An Interventional Study.

Introduction Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent medical condition that affects millions of men globally. A number of pharmacological and complementary options are used in the management of ED, including Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). Oxidative stress has been linked to the progression of ED, and Co Q10 protects against oxidative damages and improves erectile function as well as the activity of antioxidant enzymes.

Past and Future Perspectives for Hepatitis B and C in Pakistan.

Background Hepatitis B and C are viral infections of the liver transmitted by blood contamination. These infections are endemic in Pakistan and put a tremendous burden on its healthcare system. We conducted this study to assess the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in Gujranwala, Pakistan, from 2010 to 2015 and determine the trend of future infections for a prediction of the disease burden by 2030 so policymakers can make informed decisions.

Effect of iron supplementation in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The effectiveness of oral and intravenous iron supplementation in reducing the risk of mortality and hospitalizations in HF patients with iron deficiency is not well-established.

Methods: A thorough literature search was conducted across 2 electronic databases (Medline and Cochrane Central) from inception through March 2021. RCTs assessing the impact of iron supplementation on clinical outcomes in iron deficient HF patients were considered for inclusion.

The molecular basis of extensively drug-resistant Salmonella Typhi isolates from pediatric septicemia patients.

Sepsis is a syndromic response to infections and is becoming an emerging threat to the public health sector, particularly in developing countries. Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi), the cause of typhoid fever, is one primary cause of pediatric sepsis in typhoid endemic areas.