The Impact of Body Composition on Mortality and Hospital Length of Stay after Endovascular and Open Aortic Aneurysm Repair: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Sarcopenia is an indicator of preoperative frailty and a patient-specific risk factor for poor prognosis in elderly surgical patients. Some studies have explored the prognostic significance of body composition parameters in relation to perioperative mortality after aortic repair and to mid- and long-term survival following endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the effects of various body composition parameters, including but not limited to sarcopenia, on short- and long-term mortality as well as the length of hospital stay in two large cohorts of patients undergoing open surgical aortic repair (OSR) or EVAR.

Iron Supply of Multivitamins-Multiminerals Commercialized Online by Amazon in Western and Southern Europe: A Labeling Analysis.

In high-income countries, shopping for non-prescription multivitamin-multimineral supplements has tremendously increased. The purpose of this labeling analysis is to inform on the daily elemental iron (with or without vitamin C) supply provided by multivitamin-multimineral supplements sold online by Amazon in Western and Southern Europe (amazon.es, amazon.

Physical Activity and Urinary Sodium Excretion Circadian Rhythm: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Pilot Study.

Blood pressure (BP) is characterized by a circadian rhythm (Circr) with lower nighttime values, called dipping. Non-dipping is associated with higher CVD risk. The Circr of urinary sodium excretion (NaCle), peaking during the day, is linked to BP patterns.

Blood pressure screening in Mata Sector, a rural area of Rwanda.

In rural sub-Saharan Africa, knowledge of non-communicable diseases such as high blood pressure (BP) is rather limited. This report provides information about a BP screening in Mata Sector, a rural region in Southern Province of Rwanda. Community-based, house-to-house screening was performed between February and July 2020 on more than 7000 inhabitants.

Single-Pill, Triple Antihypertensive Therapy in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa: Preliminary Experience.

Introduction: Worldwide, arterial hypertension is the foremost preventable and modifiable cardiovascular risk factor. In addition to lifestyle changes, recent international guidelines recommend single-pill, low-dose combinations as initial treatment strategy. We investigated whether this approach is feasible in a rural sub-Saharan Africa setting.

Nontyphoidal Salmonella Outbreaks Associated With Chocolate Consumption: A Systematic Review.

Background: A large, cross-border outbreak of nontyphoidal salmonellosis connected to chocolate product consumption was recently reported. This occurrence motivated us to conduct a comprehensive review of existing literature concerning outbreaks of nontyphoidal salmonellosis associated with chocolate consumption.

Methods: We performed a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (PROSPERO CRD42022369023) in 3 databases: U.

Contradictions and Opportunities: Reconciling Professional Identity Formation and Competency-Based Medical Education.

The widespread adoption of Competency-Based Medical Education (CBME) has resulted in a more explicit focus on learners' abilities to effectively demonstrate achievement of the competencies required for safe and unsupervised practice. While CBME implementation has yielded many benefits, by focusing explicitly on what learners are doing, curricula may be unintentionally overlooking who learners are becoming (i.e.

Valproic Acid-Associated Acute Pancreatitis: Systematic Literature Review.

Long-term medication with valproic acid has been associated with acute pancreatitis. The purpose of this report is to gain insight into the features of this pancreatitis. A preregistered literature search (CRD42023438294) was performed on the National Library of Medicine, Excerpta Medica, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.

Eu- or hypoglycemic ketosis and ketoacidosis in children: a review.

The last decade has been characterized by exciting findings on eu- or hypoglycemic ketosis and ketoacidosis. This review emphasizes the following five key points: 1. Since the traditional nitroprusside-glycine dipstick test for urinary ketones is often falsely negative, the blood determination of β-hydroxybutyrate, the predominant ketone body, is currently advised for a comprehensive assessment of ketone body status; 2.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Evaluation and Treatment.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common, with a lifetime prevalence of approximately 6%. PTSD may develop at least one month after a traumatic event involving the threat of death or harm to physical integrity, although earlier symptoms may represent an acute stress disorder. Symptoms typically involve trauma-related intrusive thoughts, avoidant behaviors, negative alterations of cognition or mood, and changes in arousal and reactivity.

Impact of Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Arterial Stiffness in a Countryside Area of Switzerland: Insights from the Swiss Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Besides traditional cardiovascular risk factors, arterial stiffness is a recognized predictor of cardiovascular risk.

Methods: We investigated the relationship between traditional cardiovascular risk factors, sex, and aortic pulse wave velocity in subjects living in a countryside area of Southern Switzerland.

Trimethoprim-associated hyperkalaemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Trimethoprim is structurally similar to potassium-sparing diuretics and may induce hyperkalaemia. The prevalence and the factors that predispose to trimethoprim-associated hyperkalaemia have never been extensively addressed.

Methods: A literature search with no date or language limits was carried out using the National Library of Medicine, Embase and Web of Science in March and repeated during August 2021.

Diagnosis and management of urinary tract infections in children aged 2 months to 3 years in the Italian emergency units: the ItaUTI study.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most frequent bacterial diseases in infants and children. Physician adherence to recommendations is notoriously often poor, but no data are available on UTIs management in the emergency setting. In this multicenter national study, we investigated the policies regarding UTIs management in children aged 2 months to 3 years in Italian emergency units.

Köbner and Pastia Signs in Acute Hemorrhagic Edema of Young Children: Systematic Literature Review.

Acute hemorrhagic edema of young children, a benign skin-limited vasculitis, predominantly affects children 2 years of age or younger. The prevalence and clinical features of the Köbner and Pastia signs have never been systematically investigated in this vasculitis. To address this issue, we analyzed the data contained in the Acute Hemorrhagic Edema Bibliographic Database, which incorporates all reports on hemorrhagic edema published after 1969.

Nicolau syndrome caused by Glatiramer.

Injection-site reactions to glatiramer are common and include erythema, pruritus, pain, or induration. Additionally, the present systematic review of the literature documents 20 cases of Nicolau syndrome following glatiramer, a rare but potentially severe skin reaction. Abdomen and thighs are the most frequently affected areas (80% of reported cases), and permanent skin damage has been observed in 30% of cases.

Ibuprofen-Associated Hypokalemia and Metabolic Acidosis: Systematic Literature Review.

Objective: Ibuprofen is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which has been occasionally associated with hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis. The objective of this report is to analyze the literature on this issue and to address the underlying pathophysiology.

Data Sources: Excerpta Medica, the National Library of Medicine, and Web of Science were searched from inception to July 16, 2021.

Pseudo-hypoaldosteronism secondary to infantile urinary tract infections: role of ultrasound.

Background: The biochemical hallmarks of transient pseudo-hypoaldosteronism associated with a pyelonephritis include hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and acidosis. We tested if the kidney-urinary tract ultrasound helps in predicting the diagnosis of overt pseudo-hypoaldosteronism in infants with a pyelonephritis.

Cases Presentation: Between 2013 and 2020, we managed 71 previously healthy infants 4 weeks to 24 months of age with a pyelonephritis (42 males and 29 females) and made the biochemical diagnosis of pseudo-hypoaldosteronism in 17 (24%).

Skin Eruptions in Acute Hemorrhagic Edema of Young Children: Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Acute hemorrhagic edema is a skin-limited small-vessel leukocytoclastic vasculitis, which affects infants 4 weeks to 2 years of age and remits within 3 weeks. The diagnosis is made clinically in not-ill appearing children with acute onset of raised annular or nummular eruptions and edema. In this vasculitis, type, distribution, and evolution of the rash have never been systemically investigated.

Posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome associated with acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis: systematic review.

Background: Kidney diseases are a recognized cause of posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome, usually abbreviated as PRES. The purpose of this review was to systematically address the association between acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis and PRES.

Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature on acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis associated with PRES.

Magnesium Metabolism in Chronic Alcohol-Use Disorder: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

Chronic alcohol-use disorder has been imputed as a possible cause of dietary magnesium depletion. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in chronic alcohol-use disorder, and to provide information on intracellular magnesium and on its renal handling. We carried out a structured literature search up to November 2020, which returned 2719 potentially relevant records.

Which laboratory technique is used for the blood sodium analysis in clinical research? A systematic review.

Background: Circulating sodium is analyzed by flame spectrometry and indirect or direct potentiometry. The differences between estimates returned by the three techniques are often relevant. It is unknown whether peer-reviewed international publications focusing on this parameter provide information about the technique.