Does induction or augmentation of labor increase the risk of postpartum hemorrhage in pregnant women with anemia? A multicenter prospective cohort study in India.

Objective: To investigate whether induction/augmentation of labor in pregnant women with anemia increases the risk of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and whether this risk varied by indications for labor induction/augmentation and by anemia severity in pregnancy.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study of 9420 pregnant women from 13 hospitals across India, we measured hemoglobin concentrations at recruitment (≥28 weeks of gestation) and blood loss after childbirth during follow-up and collected clinical information about PPH. Clinical obstetric and childbirth information at both visits were extracted from medical records.

MRI Radiomics in Imaging of Focal Hepatic Lesions: A Narrative Review.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is generally used to identify, describe, and evaluate treatment responses for focal hepatic lesions. However, the diagnosis and differentiation of such lesions require considerable input from radiologists. In order to reduce these difficulties, radiomics is an artificial intelligence (AI)-based quantitative method that employs the extraction of image features to reliably detect and differentiate focal hepatic lesions.

Expression of Interleukin-8, Interleukin-12 and Interleukin-13 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Biomarker Potentiality and Prognostic Significance.

Purpose: Interleukin-8 (IL8), Interleukin-12 (IL12) and Interleukin-13 (IL13) are cytokines that play regulatory role in cancer pathogenesis. We analysed their expression profile to evaluate as molecular biomarkers of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and their association with different parameters and patient survival.

Methods: Expression analysis was performed by Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was done.

Comparative Study of Levels of Serum Bilirubin, Serum Transaminase, Serum Alkaline Phosphatase, and Prothrombin Time After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy and Open Cholecystectomy.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is universally accepted as the gold standard treatment for symptomatic gallstones. However, it has some drawbacks. Some of the major drawbacks of LC include increased bile duct injuries and longer operation time.

Altered Expression-Mediated Immune Modulation Is Supportive of Persistent Replication and Intrauterine Transmission of HBV.

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is posing as a serious public health threat mainly due to its asymptomatic nature of infection in pregnancy and vertical transmission. Viral sensing toll-like receptors () and Interleukins () are important molecules in providing an antiviral state. The study aimed to assess the role of TLR7-mediated immune modulation, which might have an impact in the intrauterine transmission of HBV leading to mother to child transmission of the virus.

Maternal and fetal factors associated with stillbirth in singleton pregnancies in 13 hospitals across six states in India: A prospective cohort study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the incidence of and risk factors for stillbirth in an Indian population.

Methods: We conducted a secondary data analysis of a hospital-based cohort from the Maternal and Perinatal Health Research collaboration, India (MaatHRI), including pregnant women who gave birth between October 2018-September 2023. Data from 9823 singleton pregnancies recruited from 13 hospitals across six Indian states were included.

Oral Cancer Hazards Related to Tobacco Use and a Transtheoretical Model Assessment of Preparedness of Individuals With Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders to Quit Tobacco Use.

Objectives There is a lack of knowledge on oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) among the local communities of Northeast India. Since the habit of tobacco is linked to the culture and oral cancer is a widespread epidemic here, it is pertinent to assess the knowledge about risk factors and readiness to quit the habit among the study population. Methods The present research was done in the Tobacco Cessation Centre (TCC), Department of Public Health Dentistry (PHD) of Regional Dental College (RDC), Guwahati, Assam, from Jan 2023 to June 2023.

Human subcutaneous dirofilariasis: A diagnostic dilemma.

Human dirofilariasis is a rare infection caused by filarial worms of genus . Humans may be infected as aberrant (accidental) hosts, mainly by and . Most of the cases reported in India are of ocular dirofilariasis, with a few reports on subcutaneous dirofilariasis.

Investigating the Link Between Low Back Ache, Abdominal Discomfort and Oliguria: A Unique Case of Histopathology-Proven Retroperitoneal Fibrosis.

Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is a rare condition characterized by systemic inflammation and the proliferation of fibroinflammatory tissues in the retroperitoneum. It may lead to the formation of a retroperitoneal mass and can encase the aorta, its branches and ureters. The pathogenesis of RPF is not fully known.

The complex relationship between iron status and anemia in pregnant and postpartum women in India: Analysis of two Indian study cohorts of uncomplicated pregnancies.

Low hemoglobin is widely used as an indicator of iron deficiency anemia in India and other low-and-middle income counties, but anemia need not accurately reflect iron deficiency. We examined the relationship between hemoglobin and biomarkers of iron status in antenatal and postnatal period. Secondary analysis of uncomplicated singleton pregnancies in two Indian study cohorts: 1132 antenatal women in third trimester and 837 postnatal women 12-72 h after childbirth.

Ultrasonographical Evaluation of Placenta Previa in Scarred and Unscarred Uterus in a Tertiary Care Centre.

Objectives Placenta previa is characterised as the placenta implant in the lower uterine segment, wholly or partially covering the internal os. Uterine scars from surgical operations are a potential factor of placenta previa. The present study aims to estimate the role of ultrasound in determining the incidence of placenta previa in the scarred and unscarred uterus.

Endoscopic Middle Ear Cleft Surgery (EMES): Our Philosophy, Concept and Application.

The functional aspect of preservation of every healthy anatomical structure, particularly the ossicles, non-diseased mastoid cortex and middle ear mucosa, and to achieve this by transacanal endoscopic dual hand approach to middle ear, aditus and mastoid antrum with minimal posterior atticotomy and proximal aditotomy. The prospective study has been conducted over a period of 12 years from 2009 to 2021 in the Jorhat Medical College, Assam Medical College and Niramoy Hospital, Jorhat, Assam. Follow up was for a minimum of 4 years.

A Study on Quality of Life in Post-tracheostomised Patients.

Introduction: Tracheostomy is a complex procedure which includes special care and attention with respect to the stoma and wound. But apart from surgical pitfalls certain qualities of life are also affected which needs due consideration for positive prognostic outcomes.

Objective: To assess the quality of life in post tracheostomised patients.

Evaluation of physical and mental health status of orphan children living in orphanages in Sonitpur district of Assam: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Orphan children living in orphanages are often neglected. These children's physical and mental health status is essential as they are highly prone to malnourishment and psychosocial distress. We aim to evaluate the orphan children's physical and psychosocial status living in orphanages.

Variability and Patterning in Permanent Tooth Dimensions among Four Ethnic Groups from the North-eastern States of India.

Methods: The study was a comparative cross-sectional study among four different ethnic groups of North-east India among the age group of 20-30 years. Dimensions of the maxillary and mandibular teeth were measured with a digital Vernier calliper using the dental casts of 50 male and 50 female subjects from each of the four ethnic groups under study. The data were statistically analyzed using a Student's -test and one-way analysis of variance.

Risk Factors of Childhood Asthma Among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Centre in North-East India.

Introduction: Asthma is a chronic lung illness marked by a reversible airway blockage. Both genetic and environmental factors influence higher asthma rates. The present study aims to assess the various socio-demographic and environmental factors influencing the causation of childhood asthma among patients attending the Paediatric Department of Gauhati Medical College and Hospital (GMCH), Assam.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Intestinal Parasitic Infection in Under-Five Children With Malnutrition: A Hospital Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) and malnutrition in under-five children contribute substantially to developing countries' childhood morbidity and mortality. This study assessed the prevalence and profile of IPI in under-five children and compared them with nutritional status and other socioeconomic factors.

Methods: Anthropometric indices were used for checking the nutritional status of under-five children.

Focused Cardiac Ultrasound to Guide the Diagnosis of Heart Failure in Pregnant Women in India.

Background: Cardiac complications are a leading cause of maternal death. Cardiac imaging with echocardiography is important for prompt diagnosis, but it is not available in many low-resource settings. The aim of this study was to determine whether focused cardiac ultrasound performed by trained obstetricians and interpreted remotely by experts can identify cardiac abnormalities in pregnant women in low-resource settings.

The intricate association of COVID-19 pandemic with ecological issues.

This critical narrative review is intended to emphasize the comprehensive ecological issues related to the evolution of the novel coronavirus, the environmental factors associated with the disease progress, and the impact the pandemic is having on the environment. Approximately 60% of the emerging infectious disease of the last century (including deadly viruses like HIV, Ebola, Influenza, coronavirus strains like SARS, MERS) are linked to zoonotic spillover. Therefore, to escape the emergence of newer cross-species infections, proper precautionary measures should be taken.

Assessment of Age at the Stages of the Eruption of Third Molar Teeth among the People of North-Eastern India.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study was undertaken with 1060 Assamese individuals (642 males and 418 females) aged 14-26 years and was subjected to a clinical, dental, and general physical examination from January 2014 to December 2018. The data were statistically analyzed using Microsoft Excel and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. The significant differences among variables were tested using the chi-square test and Student's -test, considering a value < 0.

Accuracy of Fetal Weight Estimation by Ultrasonographic Evaluation in a Northeastern Region of India.

Methods: The cross-sectional study included 100 pregnant women aged 20-45 years from the Kamrup district admitted to Guwahati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam. The data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 16. The EFW at term was calculated using Shepard's formula and Hadlock's formula.

Role of Doppler Waveforms in Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension and Its Correlation With Perinatal Outcome.

Objectives The present study aims to measure the role of Doppler waveforms in pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and its relationship with the perinatal outcome. Methods We have studied 50 pregnant women with PIH with gestational age (GA) 30-40 weeks for Umbilical Artery (UmA), Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) and Uterine Artery (UtA) Doppler waveforms. Comparison between the various Doppler indices, i.

Relationship between anaemia, coagulation parameters during pregnancy and postpartum haemorrhage at childbirth: a prospective cohort study.

Objectives: To investigate the association between coagulation parameters and severity of anaemia (moderate anaemia: haemoglobin (Hb) 7-9.9 g/dL and severe anaemia: Hb <7 g/dL) during pregnancy and relate these to postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) at childbirth.

Design: A prospective cohort study of pregnant women recruited in the third trimester and followed-up after childbirth.

Evaluation of Time Consumption for Debonding Brackets Using Different Techniques: A Hospital-Based Study.

Materials And Methods: A total of 80 human premolars were included in this study. The samples were first arranged following a standard protocol for bracketing and then debonded using the ultrasonic scaler (US), debonding plier (DP), ligature cutter (LC), and thermal method (TM). Depending on the technique applied for debonding, the specimens were randomly divided into four groups with 20 samples, each keeping a 1 : 1 ratio.