Relationship Between Speech Delay and Smart Media in Children: A Systematic Review.

The increasing prevalence of smart media usage among children has raised concerns about its potential impact on various aspects of child development. One such area of worry is speech delay, as early language acquisition is critical for cognitive, social, and educational development. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate and synthesize available research data in order to determine the association between speech delay and the usage of smart media in children.

Building Sustainable Reconstructive Microsurgery in Countries with Limited Resources: The Rwandan Experience.

Background: Reconstructive microsurgery practice has been well adopted in developed countries, but this has not been the same in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Injuries related to road traffic accidents are highest in these countries, with 93% of the world's fatalities on the roads occurring in LMICs. The objective of this study was to highlight the need for sustainable microsurgery in LMICs and share strategies undertaken in Rwanda.

Molecular docking analysis of KRAS inhibitors for cancer management.

The majority of human tumors are characterized by abnormal signaling caused by oncogenic RAS proteins. KRAS is a member of the RAS family and is currently one of the most thoroughly researched targets for cancer treatment due to its prevalence in a variety of deadly malignancies. Targeting the KRAS protein, which plays a crucial role in regulating cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, shows great potential as a strategy for fighting cancer.

A Prospective Comparison Between Soft Tissue Dissection Techniques in Pterional Craniotomy: Functional, Radiological, and Aesthetic Outcomes.

Background And Objectives: Given the complex anatomy of the operative region and individual surgeon preferences, some techniques for soft tissue dissection before pterional craniotomy have gained more popularity than others. This prospective study used subjective and objective measurements to compare the functional, radiological, and aesthetic outcomes of 3 such dissection techniques.

Methods: This multicenter prospective cohort study included all patients who underwent elective pterional craniotomy between 2018 and 2020 at 3 centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Predictors of biliary atresia outcome: Saudi National Study (2000 - 2018).

Background: Outcomes in biliary atresia (BA) have been well-documented in large national cohorts from Europe, North America, and East Asia. Understanding the challenges that preclude success of the Kasai portoenterostomy (KPE) is the key to improve the overall outcomes of BA and implementing intervention strategies. Here, we analyzed the data from the Saudi national BA study (204 BA cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2018) to identify the prognostic factors of BA outcomes.

Evaluating the Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Fibrin Matrix versus Subepithelial Connective Tissue Grafts in Dental Root Coverage: A Comparative Study Using Modified Ruben's Technique.

BACKGROUND Dental root coverage, crucial in managing gingival recessions, traditionally utilizes subepithelial connective tissue grafts. However, this approach has limitations such as donor site morbidity and graft availability. Recent studies have introduced platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as an alternative, leveraging its regenerative potential and growth factors.

Patient-reported outcome, perception and satisfaction after laparoscopic cholecystectomy in Kigali, Rwanda.

Background: Laparoscopic surgery is the gold standard for many abdominal surgeries. Laparoscopic programs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and in sub-Saharan Africa face many constraints, although its use is safe, feasible, and clinically beneficial. The authors assessed patient-reported outcomes and the experience of patients operated on at the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali (CHUK).

Teratocarcinosarcoma of the head and neck: Clinicopathologic review of a rare entity.

Teratocarcinosarcoma is a rare, highly aggressive malignancy of the head and neck, characterized by multiphenotypic and triphasic growth of epithelial, mesenchymal, and primitive neuroepithelial elements. Owing to its rarity and morphological heterogeneity, as well as the lack of experience with this neoplasm, teratocarcinosarcoma is often misdiagnosed, particularly in small biopsy samples when only some of the elements are identified, thus leading to delayed management. Aggressive clinical behavior and poor survival outcomes, necessitate an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Clinical and laboratory features of biliary atresia and patterns of management practices: Saudi national study (2000-2018).

Background: We utilized the data from the Saudi national biliary atresia (BA) study (2000-2018) to describe the clinical, biochemical, imaging, and histopathological features of BA and the perioperative clinical practices among local pediatric gastroenterologists.

Methods: This is a retrospective, multicenter, nationwide study that included 10 tertiary care governmental hospitals including the four liver transplant (LT) centers in different regions across Saudi Arabia.

Results: BA was diagnosed in 204 infants (106 females; 10% preterm).

The Prevalence of Restless Legs Syndrome Among Pregnant Women in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Pregnancy has been associated with restless legs syndrome (RLS). RLS is underdiagnosed in most countries. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of RLS among Saudi pregnant women.

Epidemiology and outcomes of geriatric trauma patients consulting at the center hospitalier universitaire de Kigali emergency department.

Background: Life expectancy in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) continues to rise, resulting in a growing geriatric population. In Rwanda, a sub-Saharan LMIC, traumatic injuries are a common cause of mortality and morbidity. However, little is known about the frequency and type of traumatic injuries among geriatric populations in Rwanda.

Management of humoral secondary immunodeficiency in hematological malignancies and following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Regional perspectives.

Secondary immunodeficiency (SID) can occur as a result of multiple factors, including hematological malignancies, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), immunosuppressive treatment, biologics, and anti-inflammatory drugs. SID includes disorders resulting from impairment of both cellular and humoral immunity. This review focuses on the current risk factors, implications, and challenges in managing SID patients with impaired humoral immunity, which includes quantitative (hypogammaglobulinemia) and/or functional antibody and B-cell deficiencies specifically related to hematological malignancies and post-HSCT.

Fixed coronal malalignment (CM) in the lumbar spine independently impacts disability in adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients when considering the obeid-CM (O-CM) classification.

Background: Postoperative flatback has been described in detail for sagittal plane considerations over the past 2 decades, and its correlations with disability are now accepted. Fixed Coronal Malalignment (CM) has been less described, and some authors report no significant association with the clinical outcome. The O-CM classification analyses CM and incorporates specific modifiers for each curve type.

Evaluation of Intussusception Following Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine (RotaTeq) Administration in 5 African Countries.

Background: A low-level risk of intussusception following rotavirus vaccination has been observed in some settings and may vary by vaccine type. We examined the association between RotaTeq vaccination and intussusception in low-income settings in a pooled analysis from 5 African countries that introduced RotaTeq into their national immunization program.

Methods: Active surveillance was conducted at 20 hospitals to identify intussusception cases.

A cross-sectional survey on the use of herbal tea among Cameroonian adults (18-65 years).

Background: In respect of the WHO's commendation to incorporate traditional medicine (TM) in health care, the Cameroon government wants to promote the use of the traditional medicine and is resolute on encouraging the treatment of patients with alternative medicine from traditional sources. This study explores the use of herbal tea by Cameroonian adults to prevent or treat diseases and the socio-demographic determinants of tea use among participants.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 307 Cameroonian adults (18-65 years) randomly selected within 4 hospitals and 4 communities in the Centre and Southwest regions of Cameroon between 04/01-20/04/2022, using interviewer administered semi-structured questionnaires.

Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Duffy-Positive Patients in Rwanda.

Plasmodium vivax is the second-most common malaria pathogen globally, but is considered very rare in the predominantly Duffy-negative sub-Saharan African population. In 259 malaria patients from highland southern Rwanda, we assessed Plasmodium species and Duffy blood group status by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Plasmodium falciparum, P.

Unexpected rapid symptom response after praziquantel to intestinal symptoms: A case report from Rwanda.

The clinical effect of praziquantel on chronic intestinal schistosomiasis in the literature is lacking. We report a patient who presented with 3 years of non-specific abdominal pain and underwent colonoscopy, which revealed colon polyps that, on biopsy, were confirmed to be due to . The patient was given a single dose of praziquantel, and his abdominal symptoms disappeared within 24 h.

An Evaluation of the Effect of Social Media Platforms on the General Population's Decision-Making About Cosmetic Procedures in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia.

Background and objective Aesthetic procedures are one of the most commonly performed medical procedures. Surgical and non-surgical cosmetic treatments that are routinely performed include breast augmentations, rhinoplasty, botulinum toxin, and fillers. Several factors contribute to the increase in the popularity of these procedures, including body image dissatisfaction, the opinion of peers, and surgeon-related factors such as the surgeon's reputation, board certification, or years of experience.

More Drugs Versus More Data: The Tug of War on Cancer in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Although current value frameworks and economic models have allowed us to better quantify the net benefit associated with cancer therapy, holistic cancer care must consider patient time, family and social values, and overall life expectancy. Training programs must include training in health services research, difficult conversations, and shared decision-making strategies that are developed in social and cultural frameworks for their settings.

Characterization of aminoglycoside resistance genes in multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae collected from tertiary hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Since the peak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, concerns around multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens have increased. This study aimed to characterize aminoglycoside resistance genes in MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) collected during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The impact of systemic methotrexate and surgical management on fertility preservation in tubal ectopic pregnancy among Saudi women.

Background: The impact of various management plans on subsequent fertility after tubal ectopic pregnancy (EP) is not well known. The objective of the present study was an evaluation of the subsequent fertility outcome among women with EP managed either surgical or medical with systemic methotrexate or medical management followed by surgical one.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was done by reviewing of medical records of all women diagnosed with EP at King Faisal Military Hospital, Southern Region, Saudi Arabia throughout the period from January 2015 to December 2016 provided that they were hemodynamic stable, with starting βhCG level less than 10000 IU/L, and adnexal mass less than 5 cm.

Knowledge about Asymptomatic Malaria and Acceptability of Using Tea among Health Care Workers (HCWs) in Yaoundé, Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Malaria is the most widespread endemic disease in Cameroon, and asymptomatic (gametocyte) carriers (APCs) constitute more than 95% of infectious human reservoirs in malaria endemic settings. This study assesses the knowledge of asymptomatic malaria (ASM) among health care workers (HCWs) in health facilities (HFs) in the Centre Region of Cameroon and the acceptability of using tea to treat APCs. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among 100 HCWs, in four randomly selected HFs in the Centre Region, in the period of 1-20 April 2022, using semi-structured self-administered questionnaires.