Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activities of CuO-ZnO-CoO nanocomposites.

The co-precipitation method was used to prepare CuO, ZnO, CoO nanoparticles and CuO-ZnO-CoO nanocomposite. The structural, morphological, and optical properties of the prepared samples were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and zeta potential. XRD analysis revealed that the crystal structures of CuO, ZnO, and CoO nanoparticles are monoclinic, hexagonal, and cubic, with average crystallite sizes of 30.