10 results match your criteria: "Faculty of Science Kyushu University[Affiliation]"

Article Synopsis
  • Classic genome-wide association studies (GWAS) investigate links between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and specific traits but often struggle to yield reliable results due to confounding factors like environmental influences and complex genetics.
  • Advanced GWAS models have been developed to improve the detection of true genotype-phenotype associations by offering more flexibility and better statistical power, yet they remain underutilized in comparison to traditional methods.
  • This review aims to summarize the benefits of these advanced models and encourage plant biologists to adopt them for more effective GWAS in studying complex traits.
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Plants emit biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) as signaling molecules, playing a crucial role in inducing resistance against herbivores. Neighboring plants that eavesdrop on BVOC signals can also increase defenses against herbivores or alter growth patterns to respond to potential risks of herbivore damage. Despite the significance of BVOC emissions, the evolutionary rationales behind their release and the factors contributing to the diversity in such emissions remain poorly understood.

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Leaf anatomy varies with abiotic factors and is an important trait for understanding plant adaptive responses to environmental conditions. Leaf mass per area (LMA) is a key morphological trait and is related to leaf performance, such as light-saturated photosynthetic rate per leaf mass, leaf mechanical strength, and leaf lifespan. LMA is the multiplicative product of leaf thickness (LT) and leaf density (LD), both of which vary with leaf anatomy.

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are ubiquitous signaling molecules involved in diverse physiological processes, including stomatal closure. Photosynthetic electron transport (PET) is the main source of ROS generation in plants, but whether it functions in guard cell signaling remains unclear. Here, we assessed whether PET functions in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling in guard cells.

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The color and patterns of animal-pollinated flowers are known to have effects on pollinator attraction. In this study, the relative importance of flower color and color contrast patterns on pollinator attraction was examined in two pollinator groups, swallowtail butterflies and hawkmoths using two species; butterfly-pollinated and hawkmoth-pollinated having reddish and yellowish flowers in human vision, respectively. Flowers of both species have UV bullseye patterns, composed of UV-absorbing centers and UV-reflecting peripheries, known to function as a typical nectar guide, but UV reflectance was significantly more intense in the peripheries of flowers than in those of flowers.

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Recurrent changes in population size are often observed in nature, influencing the efficiency of selection and consequently affecting organismal evolution. Thus, it is important to know whether such changes occurred in the past history of a focal population of evolutionary interests. Here, we focused on cyclic changes in population size and investigated the distributional properties of Tajima's and its power to distinguish a cyclic change model compared with the standard neutral model, changing the frequency and magnitude of the cyclic change.

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In wind-pollinated plants, male-biased sex allocation is often positively associated with plant size and height. However, effects of size (biomass or reproductive investment) and height were not separated in most previous studies. Here, using experimental populations of monoecious plants, we examined (1) how male and female reproductive investments (MRI and FRI) change with biomass and height, (2) how MRI and height affect male reproductive success (MRS) and pollen dispersal, and (3) how height affects seed production.

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A new donor, the C-F unit, can be added to the field of host-guest chemistry. The interaction between fluorine atoms and a potassium ion was proven with the fluorine-containing cage compound 1 as a host. The six fluorine atoms of K ⊂1 are coordinated to K in a distorted octahedral fashion.

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Cadmium, zinc and manganese(II) iodide complexes have been studied polarographically in acetonitrile and the electrode reactions for these complexes discussed. The overall stability constants of the iodide complexes of these metal ions were evaluated and corrected for the effect of the ion-pairing electrolyte. The values for log beta(4) of CdI(4)(2-) and ZnI(4)(2-) are 26.

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