Regulation of TGF-β1, PI3K/PIP3/Akt, Nrf-2/Keap-1 and NF-κB signaling pathways to avert bifenthrin induced hepatic injury: A palliative role of daidzein.

Bifenthrin (BFN) is a noxious insecticide which is reported to damage various body organs. Daidzein (DZN) is a natural flavone with excellent pharmacological properties. This research was conducted to evaluate the alleviative strength of DZN to counteract BFN prompted liver toxicity in male albino rats.

Prefrontal 5α-reductase 2 mediates male-specific acute stress response.

A key response to acute stress is the increased brain synthesis of the neurosteroid allopregnanolone (AP). Although the rate-limiting step of this reaction is catalyzed by 5α-reductase (5αR), the role of its two primary isoenzymes, 5αR1 and 5αR2, in stress reactivity remains unclear. Here, we found that acute stress led to increased levels of 5αR2, but not 5αR1, in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of male, but not female, rats.

Depressive Symptoms and Amyloid Pathology.

Importance: Depressive symptoms are associated with cognitive decline in older individuals. Uncertainty about underlying mechanisms hampers diagnostic and therapeutic efforts. This large-scale study aimed to elucidate the association between depressive symptoms and amyloid pathology.

The Correlation of Serum Adropin with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Experimental Rat Model of Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Implication in the Ameliorative Effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors.

Background: The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is estimated to be far greater than that in the general population. Adropin regulates endothelial function and may play a role in the pathogenesis of CVD. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) treatment was reported to have a protective effect on both renal and cardiovascular function.

Designing a multi-epitope vaccine candidate against human rhinovirus C utilizing immunoinformatics approach.

Human rhinovirus C (HRV-C) is a significant contributor to respiratory tract infections in children and is implicated in asthma exacerbations across all age groups. Despite its impact, there is currently no licensed vaccine available for HRV-C. Here, we present a novel approach to address this gap by employing immunoinformatics techniques for the design of a multi-epitope-based vaccine against HRV-C.

Natural Compounds from Alhagi maurorum as Potential HCC and HepG2 Inhibitors: An Integrated Study using Pharmacophore Development, Molecular Docking, MD Simulation, and DFT Approaches.

Background: The rise in the frequency of liver cancer all over the world makes it a prominent area of research in the discovery of new drugs or repurposing of existing drugs.

Methods: This article describes the pharmacophore-based structure-activity relationship (3DQSAR) on the secondary metabolites of Alhagi maurorum to inhibit human liver cancer cell lines Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatoma G2 (HepG2) which represents the molecular level understanding for isolated phytochemicals of Alhagi maurorum. The definite features, such as hydrophobic regions, average shape, and active compounds' electrostatic patterns, were mapped to screen phytochemicals.

Succinate receptor 1 signaling mutually depends on subcellular localization and cellular metabolism.

Succinate is a pivotal tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolite but also specifically activates the G- and G-coupled succinate receptor 1 (SUCNR1). Contradictory roles of succinate and succinate-SUCNR1 signaling include reports about its anti- or pro-inflammatory effects. The link between cellular metabolism and localization-dependent SUCNR1 signaling qualifies as a potential cause for the reported conflicts.

Genetic variants and breast carcinoma susceptibility: Unveiling the role of MTHFR (rs1801131, rs1801133) and TP53 (rs1042522).

Background: The contribution of MTHFR and TP53 genetic variants to breast carcinoma (BC) susceptibility has been examined, but their findings have been inconclusive. This work is designed to explore the potential roles of the MTHFR (rs1801131, rs1801133) and TP53 (rs1042522) variants with increased risk of BC using genetic and bioinformatic approaches.

Methods: This work included a total of 242 female participants [142 BCE patients and 100 healthy controls].

Implementation of artificial intelligence approaches in oncology clinical trials: A systematic review.

Introduction: There is a growing interest in leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to enhance various aspects of clinical trials. The goal of this systematic review is to assess the impact of implementing AI approaches on different aspects of oncology clinical trials.

Methods: Pertinent keywords were used to find relevant articles published in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, which described the clinical application of AI approaches.

Unlocking the therapeutic potential of canagliflozin in NAFLD: Insights into AMPK/SIRT1-mediated lipophagy.

Unlabelled: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a rising global health problem. The antidiabetic canagliflozin (CANA) has been proposed to ameliorate the metabolic abnormalities in NAFLD.

Aim: This study aimed to explore the possible anti-NAFLD effects of CANA in rats and HepG2 cells, focusing on AMPK/SIRT1-mediated lipophagy.

Mitigation of Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress in Rotenone-Induced Parkinson Mouse Model through Liposomal Coenzyme-Q10 Intervention: A Comprehensive In-vivo Study.

Parkinson's disease (PD) stands as the sec most prevalent incapacitating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by deterioration of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has garnered attention as a potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory agent and enhancer of mitochondrial complex-I activity. This study aimed to examine and compare the effectiveness of liposomal and non-encapsulated CoQ10 in rotenone induced-PD mouse model over a 21-day treatment duration.

International diet quality index and revised diet quality index relationship with type 2 diabetes disease: a case-control study.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health crisis linked to increased cardiovascular risk. Research indicates that better dietary quality-higher intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and lower intake of processed foods-reduces T2DM risk. This study examines the relationship between T2DM and dietary quality indices (DQI-I and DQI-R) to determine if adherence can lower diabetes risk.

Food Safety Concerns in Pakistan: Monitoring of Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria and Residue Contamination in Commercially Available Fish and Poultry Meat Samples.

Food safety is a critical issue in the 21st century due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria causing harmful foodborne diseases. This comprehensive study meticulously examined the presence of bacterial isolates, quinolone residue, and antimicrobial resistance genes in samples of broiler and fish meat. Forty samples were collected from various locations in the Faisalabad metropolis.

Differential effects of β-hydroxybutyrate and α-ketoglutarate on HCT-116 colorectal cancer cell viability under normoxic and hypoxic low-glucose conditions: exploring the role of SRC, HIF1α, ACAT1, and SIRT2 genes.

Recent therapeutic strategies have highlighted the potential of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) as effective anticancer agents, particularly for colon cancer. These metabolites can modulate cellular metabolism and induce epigenetic changes, inhibiting tumor growth. Nonetheless, certain cancer cells may utilize ketone bodies, like BHB as nutrient sources under hypoxic conditions, potentially reducing treatment efficacy.

Designing of an innovative conserved multiepitope subunit vaccine targeting SARS-CoV-2 glycoprotein and nucleoprotein through immunoinformatic.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has imposed substantial challenges on our society due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This virus relies heavily on its surface glycoprotein (S-glycoprotein) to facilitate attachment, fusion, and entry into host cells. While the nucleoprotein (N) in the ribonucleoprotein core binds to the viral RNA genome.

Aprepitant ameliorates vancomycin-induced kidney injury: Role of GPX4/system Xc and oxidative damage.

Vancomycin, a glycopeptide antibiotic, is used in cases of drug-resistant bacterial infections, but unfortunately is associated with acute kidney injury (AKI). We here explore the protective potential of aprepitant against vancomycin-induced AKI. Vancomycin (500 mg/kg/i.

Comparison between ZenoTOF 7600 system and QTOF for plant metabolome: an example of metabolomics applied to coffee leaves.

Introduction: ZenoTOF is new class of high-resolution mass spectrometer that combines resolution and sensitivity. This mass spectrometer is well designed to perform metabolomics.

Methods: In this context, we compared the performance of ZenoTOF 7600 system (Sciex) with QTOF6520 (Agilent Technologies) through the leaf metabolome analysis of two Coffea species, namely C.

Impact of water stress to plant epigenetic mechanisms in stress and adaptation.

Water is the basic molecule in living beings, and it has a major impact on vital processes. Plants are sessile organisms with a sophisticated regulatory network that regulates how resources are distributed between developmental and adaptation processes. Drought-stressed plants can change their survival strategies to adapt to this unfavorable situation.

Black Garlic Extract Modulates Endothelin Expression and Ovulatory Function in Monosodium Glutamate Treated Rats.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a widely used food additive, has been associated with various health concerns, including potential reproductive toxicity. This study investigated the protective effects of black garlic (BG) ethanol extract against MSG-induced ovarian damage in rats. Thirty-two female rats in estrus were randomly divided into four groups ( = 8 per group): control (saline), BG (250 mg/kg BW), MSG (4 mg/g BW), and BG+MSG (combined treatment).

Pathogenesis-directed therapy of methylphenidate-induced oxidative heart damage in rats.

Aim: The current study aimed to investigate the protective effects of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), metyrosine, and melatonin on possible methylphenidate cardiotoxicity in rats using biochemical and histopathological methods.

Methods: Thirty rats were separated into five groups: healthy (HG), methylphenidate (MP), ATP + methylphenidate (ATMP), metyrosine + methylphenidate (MSMP), and melatonin + methylphenidate (MLMP). ATP (5 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally once daily, metyrosine (50 mg/kg) orally twice daily, and melatonin (10 mg/kg) orally once daily.

Does coenzyme Q10 improve semen quality and circulating testosterone level? a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Seminal oxidative stress has been shown to be a key factor in the development of male infertility. However, the benefits of infertility treatments with antioxidants such as coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) remains controversial.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of CoQ10 supplementation on semen quality, i.

The Role of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Neuronal Damage, and Endothelial Dysfunction in the Neuropathology of Cognitive Complications in Diabetes: A Moderation and Mediation Analysis.

Objective: Cognitive impairment is increasingly recognized as a complication of diabetes, yet the underlying pathology remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the roles of inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and neuronal damage in the neuropathology underlying diabetes related cognitive impairment.

Methods: This study assessed 183 participants (54 prediabetes, 71 Type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM], and 58 controls) for cognitive performance using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).

Comparison of Piperacillin-tazobactam and Vancomycin (TZP-VAN) with Piperacillin-tazobactam and Teicoplanin (TZP-TEI) for the risk of Acute Kidney Injury (CONCOMITANT): A prospective observational, multinational, multi-centre cohort study.

Objectives: Both vancomycin (VAN) and teicoplanin (TEI) augment the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) when combined with piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP). We aimed to compare the risk of AKI among patients receiving TZP-VAN versus TZP-TEI.

Methods: This was a prospective, multinational, multicentre cohort study conducted in 12 centres from Turkiye, Italy and Spain between June 1, 2022, and December 31, 2023.